Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(23), С. 10761 - 10761

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2024

The presence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems is an issue increasing concern. Regardless the low concentration water, they can have a toxic effect on both humans and organisms. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) been described as promising technique for eliminating due to their high efficiency. However, cost associated with application these reagents energy requirements affected implementation AOPs at large scales. Biochar has suggested be used catalyst overcome limitations. considered alternative heterogeneous thanks its physicochemical characteristics like specific surface area, porous structure, oxygen-containing functional groups, electrical conductivity, persistent free radicals (PFRs), modifiable properties, structure defects. This carbonaceous material presents capacity activate oxidizing agents leading formation radical species, which are needed degrade pharmaceuticals. Additionally, AOP/biochar systems destroy pharmaceutical molecules following non-radical pathway. To enhance biochar catalytic performance, modifications such iron (Fe) impregnation, heteroatom doping, supporting semiconductors surface. Although efficiently combination several mineralization from further research must conducted evaluate different regeneration techniques increase biochar’s sustainable applicability reduce operational combined process. Moreover, conditions influencing system required evaluated discern find that maximize degradation by systems.

Язык: Английский