The Worldwide Prevalence of Sleep Problems Among Medical Students by Problem, Country, and COVID-19 Status: a Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression of 109 Studies Involving 59427 Participants

Current Sleep Medicine Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(3), С. 161 - 179

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Long-term use of benzodiazepines in chronic insomnia: a European perspective

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2023

Chronic insomnia occurs in ~10% of the general population and has numerous negative health effects. The recommended first line treatment cognitive behavior therapy for is not widely available patients Europe, so pharmacotherapies such as benzodiazepine receptor agonist agents (benzodiazepines Z-drugs) are commonly used. However, their use only ≤4 weeks due to unproven long-term efficacy chronic insomnia, risk tolerance, potential dependence misuse. In recommendations limiting benzodiazepines (lowest dose shortest duration) always followed, likely lack approved effective alternative therapies. Here we present a recent pilot survey pharmacological landscape five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom) physicians' attitude toward treatment. results suggest that Z-drugs most used treatments being longer than duration. Country variations prescription rates were observed. Due known association between developing dependence, further analysis literature was performed on misuse benzodiazepines. show associated with multiple consequences treatment, including but also previous may increase opioid disorder.

Язык: Английский

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Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore changes in sleep quality disturbances the general population from before during COVID-19 lockdown.The protocol was registered PROSPERO (CRD42021256378) PRISMA guidelines were followed. The major databases gray literature systematically searched inception 28/05/2021 identify observational studies evaluating lockdown with respect pre-lockdown period. A random effects undertaken for reporting (a) means of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global scores or onset latency (SOL) times (minutes - min) lockdown, (b) percentages poor (c) quality. Subgroup analysis by risk bias measurement tool utilized carried out. narrative synthesis on efficiency, disturbances, insomnia medication consumption also performed.Sixty-three included. decline quality, reflected a pooled increase PSQI (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.26; 95% CI 0.17-0.34) SOL (SMD 0.38 min; 0.30-0.45) found. percentage individuals increased (pooled relative 1.4; 1.24-1.61). Moreover, 57.3% (95% 50.01-61.55) reported change quality; 37.3% 34.27-40.39) these, it worsening. included decrease efficiency an insomnia, consumption.Timely interventions are warranted view uncovered their potentially negative impact health. Further research particular longitudinal using validated instruments examining long-term variables is needed.https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021256378, identifier CRD42021256378.

Язык: Английский

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Sleep Disturbances as a Consequence of Long COVID-19: Insights from Actigraphy and Clinimetric Examinations—An Uncontrolled Prospective Observational Pilot Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 839 - 839

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a global health and social challenge. However, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection itself on mental sleep quality remains poorly understood. purpose present uncontrolled prospective observational pilot study was to evaluate past disease incidence quantitative qualitative disturbances. A group 61 subjects (37 female, 24 male) reported disturbances that had lasted for at least one month started after recovery from COVID-19. used self-reported instruments: Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), as well an objective method—actigraphy—for analysis architecture. It shown most commonly (68.3%, n = 41) more than (83.6%, 51). ESS scores 7.8 ± 5.0 points indicate moderate daytime sleepiness, ISI 16.3 5.8 denote insomnia. were negatively correlated with total time in bed (r −0.3780, p 0.003), −0.2969, 0.020), wakefulness onset −0.2654, 0.039). In addition, respondents’ age (B −0.17, 0.000) onset. positive correlation found between −0.05, positively 0.3275, 0.010). Female gender be significant predictor insomnia’s severity 2.159, t 3.04, 0.004). conclusion, patients history report long-lasting do not subside spontaneously. patient studied, levels sleepiness insomnia found. frequently problems included irregular sleep, frequent awakenings, difficulty maintaining while normal duration preserved. These findings underscore need continued attention long-term consequences emphasize importance targeted interventions address these enduring affected individuals.

Язык: Английский

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Assessment of sedative activity of fraxin: In vivo approach along with receptor binding affinity and molecular interaction with GABAergic system

Drug Development Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 85(6)

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2024

Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which you have trouble falling and/or staying asleep. This research aims to evaluate the sedative effects of fraxin (FX) on sleeping mice induced by thiopental sodium (TS). In addition, molecular docking study was conducted investigate processes underlying these effects. The used adult male Swiss albino and administered FX (10 20 mg/kg, i.p.) diazepam (DZP) (2 mg/kg) either separately or combination within different groups examine their modulatory After period 30 min, that had been treated were (TS: induce sleep. onset for length manually recorded. Additionally, computational analysis predict role gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors process pharmacokinetics toxicity. outcomes indicated extended reduced time it took fall When combined treatment DZP showed synergistic action. Also, binding affinity -7.2 kcal/mol, while -8.4 kcal/mol. pharmacokinetic investigation demonstrated favorable drug-likeness strong characteristics. Ultimately, impact mouse model, likely via interacting with GABA

Язык: Английский

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An umbrella review and meta-analysis of 87 meta-analyses examining healthcare workers' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) experienced several changes in their work (e.g., longer hours, new policies) that affected mental health. In this study, an umbrella review and meta-analysis of meta-analyses was conducted to examine prevalence various health problems by HCWs during pandemic. We a systematic searching PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Scopus databases (PROSPERO: CRD42022304823). performed summarize different examined whether these differed as function job category, sex/gender, sociodemographic index (SDI), across time. Eighty-seven were included meta-analysis, including 1846 non-overlapping articles 9,400,962 participants. The overall ratio for outcomes ranged from 0.20 PTSD (95 % CI: 0.16-0.25) 0.44 burnout 0.32-0.56), with ratios depressive symptoms, anxiety psychological distress, perceived stress, sleep problems, insomnia symptoms falling between ranges. Follow-up analyses revealed little variation sex. Prevalence high Administrators policymakers worldwide need address growing through institutional policies wellness programming.

Язык: Английский

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Two years after lockdown: Longitudinal trajectories of sleep disturbances and mental health over the COVID‐19 pandemic, and the effects of age, gender and chronotype

Journal of Sleep Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(3)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

Since the first lockdown of Spring 2020, COVID-19 contagion waves pervasively disrupted sleep and mental health worldwide population. Notwithstanding largest vaccination campaign in human history, pandemic has continued to impact everyday life general population for 2 years now. The present study provides evidence longitudinal trajectories disturbances throughout Italy, also describing differential time course age groups, genders chronotypes. A total 1062 Italians participated a three-time-point covering two critical stages emergency (the April 2020 second partial December 2020) providing long-term overview after outbreak (April 2022). We administered validated questionnaires evaluate quality/habits, insomnia, depression, stress anxiety symptoms. Analyses showed gradual improvement disturbances, depression anxiety. Conversely, duration progressively decreased, particularly evening-type younger people. Participants reported substantial earlier bedtime get-up time. Stress levels increased during then stabilised. This effect was stronger groups apparently more resilient (older people, men morning-types). Our results describe promising scenario onset. However, improvements were relatively small, perceived increased, re-establishment pre-existing social/working dynamics led curtailment. Further monitoring is required claim end on Italians' health.

Язык: Английский

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Chronic Insomnia Disorder across Europe: Expert Opinion on Challenges and Opportunities to Improve Care

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(5), С. 716 - 716

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2023

One in ten adults Europe have chronic insomnia, which is characterised by frequent and persistent difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep daily functioning impairments. Regional differences practices access to healthcare services lead variable clinical care across Europe. Typically, a patient with insomnia (a) will usually present primary physician; (b) not be offered cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia—the recommended first-line treatment; (c) instead receive hygiene recommendations eventually pharmacotherapy manage their long-term condition; (d) use medications such as GABA receptor agonists longer than the approved duration. Available evidence suggests that patients multiple unmet needs, actions clearer diagnosis of effective management this condition are long overdue. In article, we provide an update on Old new treatments summarised information indications, contraindications, precautions, warnings, side effects. Challenges treating European systems, considering patients’ perspectives preferences presented discussed. Finally, suggestions provided—with providers policy makers mind—for strategies achieve optimal management.

Язык: Английский

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The Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of the Anxiety and Preoccupation About Sleep Questionnaire (APSQ)

Nature and Science of Sleep, Год журнала: 2024, Номер Volume 16, С. 75 - 83

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Background: Insomnia disorder is a common health condition; it has role in increasing the possibility of developing other psychological disorders, including anxiety and depression. Anxiety preoccupation with sleep are two examples cognitive factors that contribute to development chronic insomnia; thus, important have tool assesses worry insomnia. There no comprehensive psychiatric measure assess Arabic. We conducted this study translate, adapt, validate Arabic version Preoccupation about Sleep Questionnaire (APSQ), providing reliable psychometric concerns regarding within Arabic-speaking communities. Methods: The translation process scale involved several steps, forward backward translation. A cross-sectional was using an online survey completed by 523 participants from various countries. Psychometric analysis performed utilizing R software, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, convergent divergent against Athens insomnia (AIS) general (GAD) were conducted. Results: Arabic-translated form APSQ expresses excellent consistency value 0.91 for both Cronbach's α McDonald's ω. reliability subsample showed coefficient 0.93 (p< 0.01). good fit observed CFI = 0.93, TLI 0.91, SRMR 0.05, RMSEA 0.1. Convergent AIS GAD statistically significant correlations 0.85 0.01) 0.69 0.01), respectively. Our sample mean score 31.28 ± 8.31, age 23.62 7.5. Conclusion: valid measuring Using translated clinical diagnosis research currently trustworthy. Keywords: anxiety, insomnia, quality, daily performance,

Язык: Английский

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Utilization of antidepressants, anxiolytics, and hypnotics during the COVID-19 pandemic

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Abstract Since the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, there have been concerns over mental health impact COVID-19. This is a review utilization antidepressants, anxiolytics, and hypnotics since pandemic was declared on March 11th 2020. A number reports so far based large prescription databases for administrative use at national or regional level, but mainly in high-income countries. We found studies reporting increased rates during 2020, which has interpreted as hoarding such medications. In following months, most antidepressant did not display clear pattern change compared with prepandemic trends. later phases small increases higher than predicted rates, consistent finding, especially youth. countries, were increasing trends antidepressants also before needs to be considered when estimating whereas anxiolytics hypnotics, patterns prescriptions more varying. Overall, after 2020 we could find any distinct changes pandemic. Most contain information about prevalence indicated psychiatric disorders studied populations. More are needed long-term effects COVID-19, particularly regarding antidepressants. Research relating major depression anxiety would promote better understanding how well reflect population.

Язык: Английский

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