Molecular Testing and Targeted Therapies in Hepatobiliary Cancers
JAMA Surgery,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 19, 2025
Importance
Hepatobiliary
cancers
are
heterogeneous
and
molecularly
complex.
Recent
advances
in
next-generation
sequencing
(NGS)
have
enhanced
the
understanding
of
their
molecular
landscape
enabled
deployment
biomarker-based
gene-
immune-targeted
therapies.
This
review
examines
role
testing
targeted
therapies
these
malignant
neoplasms.
Observations
Patients
with
hepatobiliary
poor
outcomes.
Precision
oncology
studies
shown
that
while
many
common
alterations
not
currently
targetable
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC),
a
large
number
actionable
characterize
biliary
tract
(BTCs),
several
now
approved
by
US
Food
Drug
Administration.
Immunotherapy
is
increasingly
adopted
clinical
practice,
either
as
monotherapy
or
combined
cytotoxic
chemotherapy,
for
both
HCC
BTCs.
Moreover,
multiple
solid
cancer
tumor-agnostic
(larotrectinib,
entrectinib,
repotrectinib
NTRK
fusions;
selpercatinib
RET
dabrafenib
trametinib
combination
BRAF
V600E
mutations;
dostarlimab
pembrolizumab
tumors
high
microsatellite
instability
tumor
mutation
burden
≥10
mutations/megabase),
highlighting
need
NGS
well
ERBB2
(formerly
HER2)
immunohistochemistry
(IHC)
(with
recent
approval
tissue–agnostic
deruxtecan
trastuzumab
ERBB2-positive
[IHC
3+]
cancer)
across
cancers.
N-of-1
trials
using
customized
drug
combinations
matched
to
tumor’s
profile
yielded
encouraging
results
provide
promising
framework
future
trial
design.
Conclusions
Relevance
Molecular
transforming
treatment.
Tumor-agnostic
challenged
traditional
paradigms
foundation
truly
personalized
patients
aggressive
Further
work
needed
determine
how
leverage
novel
approaches
into
management
operable
disease.
Язык: Английский
Future Perspectives on Radiomics in Acute Liver Injury and Liver Trauma
Journal of Personalized Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(6), С. 572 - 572
Опубликована: Май 27, 2024
Background:
Acute
liver
injury
occurs
most
frequently
due
to
trauma,
but
it
can
also
occur
because
of
sepsis
or
drug-induced
injury.
This
review
aims
analyze
artificial
intelligence
(AI)’s
ability
detect
and
quantify
injured
areas
in
adults
pediatric
patients.
Methods:
A
literature
analysis
was
performed
on
the
PubMed
Dataset.
We
selected
original
articles
published
from
2018
2023
cohorts
with
≥10
Results:
Six
studies
counting
564
patients
were
collected,
including
170
(30%)
children
394
adults.
Four
(66%)
reported
AI
application
after
one
(17%)
sepsis,
chemotherapy.
In
five
(83%)
studies,
Computed
Tomography
performed,
while
(17%),
FAST-UltraSound
performed.
The
a
high
diagnostic
performance;
particular,
three
specificity
rate
>
80%.
Conclusions:
Radiomics
models
seem
reliable
applicable
clinical
practice
affected
by
acute
Further
are
required
achieve
larger
validation
cohorts.
Язык: Английский