Forest microbiome: diversity, complexity and dynamics

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2016, Номер unknown, С. fuw040 - fuw040

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2016

Globally, forests represent highly productive ecosystems that act as carbon sinks where soil organic matter is formed from residuals after biomass decomposition well rhizodeposited carbon. Forests exhibit a high level of spatial heterogeneity and the importance trees, dominant primary producers, for their structure functioning. Fungi, bacteria archaea inhabit various forest habitats: foliage, wood living bark surface, ground vegetation, roots rhizosphere, litter, soil, deadwood, rock surfaces, invertebrates, wetlands or atmosphere, each which has its own specific features, such nutrient availability temporal dynamicy drivers affect microbial abundance, dominance fungi composition communities. However, several microorganisms, in particular fungi, even connect multiple habitats, most ecosystem processes habitats. are dynamic on broad scale with ranging short-term events over seasonal dynamics to long-term stand development disturbances fires insect outbreaks. The understanding these can be only achieved by exploration complex 'ecosystem microbiome' functioning using focused, integrative microbiological ecological research performed across

Язык: Английский

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Forest Soil Bacteria: Diversity, Involvement in Ecosystem Processes, and Response to Global Change

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 81(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2017

The ecology of forest soils is an important field research due to the role forests as carbon sinks. Consequently, a significant amount information has been accumulated concerning their ecology, especially for temperate and boreal forests. Although most studies have focused on fungi, soil bacteria also play roles in this environment. In soils, inhabit multiple habitats with specific properties, including bulk soil, rhizosphere, litter, deadwood habitats, where communities are shaped by nutrient availability biotic interactions. Bacteria contribute range essential processes involved cycling carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus. They take part decomposition dead plant biomass highly fungal mycelia. rhizospheres trees, interact roots mycorrhizal fungi commensalists or mycorrhiza helpers. mediate critical steps nitrogen cycle, N fixation. Bacterial respond effects global change, such climate warming, increased levels dioxide, anthropogenic deposition. This response, however, often reflects specificities each studied ecosystem, it still impossible fully incorporate into predictive models. understanding bacterial advanced dramatically recent years, but incomplete. exact extent contribution ecosystem will be recognized only future, when activities all community members simultaneously.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the abundance of nitrogen cycling genes in agricultural soils: A meta-analysis of field studies

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 127, С. 71 - 78

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Soil pH correlates with the co-occurrence and assemblage process of diazotrophic communities in rhizosphere and bulk soils of wheat fields

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 121, С. 185 - 192

Опубликована: Март 20, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Ecology of Nitrogen Fixing, Nitrifying, and Denitrifying Microorganisms in Tropical Forest Soils

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 7

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2016

Soil microorganisms play important roles in nitrogen cycling within forest ecosystems. Current research has revealed that a wider variety of microorganisms, with unexpected diversity their functions and phylogenies, are involved the cycle than previously thought, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria archaea, heterotrophic nitrifying anammox as well denitrifying archaea fungi. However, vast majority this been focused temperate regions, relatively little is known regarding ecology nitrogen-cycling tropical subtropical Tropical forests characterized by high precipitation, low annual temperature fluctuation, heterogeneity plant diversity, large amounts litter, unique soil chemistry. For these reasons, regulation may be very different from This great importance because growing concerns effect land use change chronic-elevated deposition on processes forests. In context global change, it crucial to understand how environmental factors changes ecosystems influence composition, abundance activity key players cycle. review, we synthesize limited currently available information microbial communities fixation, nitrification denitrification, provide deeper insight into mechanisms regulating We also highlight gaps our understanding microbially mediated soils identify areas for future research.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of 25 years of inorganic fertilization on diazotrophic abundance and community structure in an acidic soil in southern China

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 113, С. 240 - 249

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Nanoplastics Disturb Nitrogen Removal in Constructed Wetlands: Responses of Microbes and Macrophytes

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 54(21), С. 14007 - 14016

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2020

Nanosized plastics (nanoplastics) releasing into the wastewater may pose a potential threat to biological nitrogen removal. Constructed wetland (CW), treatment or shore buffer system, is an important sink of nanoplastics, while it unclear how removal in CWs occurs response nanoplastics. Here, we investigated effects polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics (0, 10, and 1000 μg/L) on for 180 days CWs. The results revealed that total efficiency decreased by 29.5–40.6%. We found PS penetrated cell membrane destroyed both integrity reactive oxygen species balance. Furthermore, inhibited microbial activity vivo, including enzyme (ammonia monooxygenase, nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase) activities electron transport system (ETSA). These adverse effects, accompanied decline relative abundance nitrifiers (e.g., Nitrosomonas Nitrospira) denitrifiers Thauera Zoogloea), directly accounted strong deterioration observed leaf root uptake plants, which factor Overall, our imply presence aquatic environment hidden danger global cycle should receive more attention.

Язык: Английский

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Impacts of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on the abundance and community structure of ammonia oxidizers and denitrifying bacteria in Chinese fir plantations

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 103, С. 284 - 293

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2016

Язык: Английский

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Processes in Microbial Ecology

Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2018, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2018

Abstract Processes in Microbial Ecology discusses the major processes carried out by viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and other protists—the microbes—in freshwater, marine, terrestrial ecosystems. The book shows how advances genomic molecular approaches have uncovered incredible diversity of microbes natural environments unraveled complex biogeochemical uncultivated archaea, fungi. are affected ecological interactions, including competition for limiting nutrients, viral lysis, predation protists soils aquatic habitats. links up occurring at micron scale to events happening global scale, carbon cycle its connection climate change issues. ends with a chapter devoted symbiosis relationships between large organisms, which impacts not only on cycles, but also ecology evolution Homo sapiens.

Язык: Английский

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Long‐term nitrogen addition modifies microbial composition and functions for slow carbon cycling and increased sequestration in tropical forest soil

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 25(10), С. 3267 - 3281

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2019

Abstract Nitrogen (N) deposition is a component of global change that has considerable impact on belowground carbon (C) dynamics. Plant growth stimulation and alterations fungal community composition functions are the main mechanisms driving soil C gains following N in N‐limited temperate forests. In N‐rich tropical forests, however, generally minor effects plant growth; consequently, storage may strongly depend microbial processes drive litter organic matter decomposition. Here, we investigated how old‐growth forest responded to 13 years addition at four rates: 0 (Control), 50 (Low‐N), 100 (Medium‐N), 150 (High‐N) kg ha −1 year . Soil (SOC) content increased under High‐N, corresponding 33% decrease CO 2 efflux, reductions relative abundances bacteria as well genes responsible for cellulose chitin degradation. A 113% increase O emission was positively correlated with acidification an denitrification ( narG norB ). induced by decreased available P concentrations, associated abundance phytase. The key functional gene groups degradation were related slower SOC decomposition, indicating accumulation subjected High‐N addition. However, changes cycling led coincidentally large increases emissions, exacerbated deficiency. These two factors partially offset perceived beneficial soils. findings suggest potential incorporate into Earth system models considering their greenhouse gas emission, biogeochemical processes, biodiversity ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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