Soil multifunctionality is affected by the soil environment and by microbial community composition and diversity

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 136, С. 107521 - 107521

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2019

Microorganisms are critical in mediating carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling processes soils. Yet, it has long been debated whether the underlying biogeochemical cycles affected by composition diversity of soil microbial community or not. The communities can be influenced various environmental factors, which turn known to impact processes. objectives this study were test effects multiple edaphic drivers individually represented as multivariate environment interacting with diversity, concomitantly on functions (i.e. enzyme activities, C N processes). We employed high-throughput sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) analyze bacterial/archaeal fungal targeting 16S rRNA gene ITS1 region soils collected from three land uses (cropland, grassland forest) deriving two bedrock forms (silicate limestone). Based data set we explored single combined variables structure well activities several found that both shaped same most representation exerting stronger than communities, demonstrated (partial) Mantel tests. also similar controls bacterial/archaeal/fungal richness diversity. Soil only directly but not composition. In contrast, significantly related richness/diversity environment. This indicates direct control indirect structuring communities. further highlights importance diversity) important

Язык: Английский

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Controls and Adaptive Management of Nitrification in Agricultural Soils

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2019

Agriculture is responsible for over half of the input reactive nitrogen (N) to terrestrial systems; however improving N availability remains primary management technique increase crop yields in most regions. In majority agricultural soils, ammonium rapidly converted nitrate by nitrification, which increases mobility through soil matrix, strongly influencing retention system. Decreasing nitrification desirable decrease losses and fertilizer use efficiency. We review controlling factors on rate extent soils from temperate regions including substrate supply, environmental conditions, abundance diversity nitrifiers plant microbial interactions with nitrifiers. Approaches include those that control inhibit directly. Strategies timing fertilization coincide rapid update, formulation fertilizers slow release or inhibitors, keeping growing continuously assimilate N, increasing assimilation (immobilization). Another effective strategy directly either synthetic biological inhibitors. Commercial inhibitors are but their complicated a changing climate organic requirements. The nitrifying organisms plants microbes producing promising approach just beginning be critically examined. Climate smart agriculture will need carefully consider optimized seasonal these strategies remain tools.

Язык: Английский

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A review of research progress of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification microorganisms (HNADMs)

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 801, С. 149319 - 149319

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Global patterns and controlling factors of soil nitrification rate

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 26(7), С. 4147 - 4157

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2020

Soil nitrification, an important pathway of nitrogen transformation in ecosystems, produces soil nitrate that influences net primary productivity, while the by-product nitrous oxide, is a significant greenhouse gas. Although there have been many studies addressing microbiology, physiology, and impacting environment factors nitrification at local scales, are very few on rate over large scales. We conducted global synthesis patterns controlling normalized 25°C by compiling 3,140 observations from 186 published articles across terrestrial ecosystems. tended to decrease with increasing latitude, especially Northern Hemisphere, varied largely ecosystem types. The significantly increased mean annual temperature (MAT), content, microbial biomass carbon nitrogen, ammonium, pH, but decreased carbon:nitrogen biomass. total content contributed most variations (total coefficient = 0.29) structural equation models. (MBN; 0.19) was nearly equivalent importance relative MAT 0.25) pH 0.24) determining rate, influenced via changing MBN. Moreover, emission oxide positively related scale. This will advance our current understanding mechanisms underlying large-scale benefit biogeochemical models simulating cycling.

Язык: Английский

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Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry reveals microbial phosphorus limitation decreases the nitrogen cycling potential of soils in semi-arid agricultural ecosystems

Soil and Tillage Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 197, С. 104463 - 104463

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Microbiomes inhabiting rice roots and rhizosphere

FEMS Microbiology Ecology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 95(5)

Опубликована: Март 26, 2019

Land plants directly contact soil through their roots. An enormous diversity of microbes dwelling in root-associated zones, including endosphere (inside root), rhizoplane (root surface) and rhizosphere (soil surrounding the root surface), play essential roles ecosystem functioning plant health. Rice is a staple food that feeds over 50% global population. Its unique niche, which often characterized by an oxic region (e.g. rhizosphere) surrounded anoxic bulk soil. This oxic-anoxic interface has been recognized as pronounced hotspot supports dynamic biogeochemical cycles mediated various functional microbial groups. Considering significance rice production upon security methane budget, novel insights into how overall community (i.e. microbiome) system influences key to improving crop health sustainable productivity paddy ecosystems, alleviating emissions. mini-review summarizes current understanding compartments some extent, especially rhizosphere, makes comparison structures between other crops/plants. Moreover, this paper describes interactions root-related microbiomes plants, further discusses factors shaping microbiomes.

Язык: Английский

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Heterotrophic nitrification – An eternal mystery in the nitrogen cycle

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 168, С. 108611 - 108611

Опубликована: Март 15, 2022

Despite the fact that heterotrophic nitrification was identified more than 100 years ago, biochemistry of nitrifiers is poorly known and their contribution to in soil still speculative. Heterotrophic need organic compounds as energy source contrast chemolithotrophic nitrifiers. Most potential pathways for nitrite/nitrate production by heterotrophs can be considered secondary metabolism. Only simultaneous denitrification some bacteria have connection Evidently, fungi differ. Some oxidizing ammonia monooxygenase (AMO), but there are also without AMO. The structure AMO oxidizers differs. has not been found nitrifying fungi. conditions highly differ from those waste waters where activity high. limited low availability easily decomposable substrates. Possible rhizosphere endophytic root microbes gaining a good supply substrates plants known. Fungi special interest because evidently nitrify only when decomposing recalcitrant (like lignin) which abundant soil. Nitrite/nitrate nitrogenous compounds, such amino acids, common among general conclusion use solely an "organic pathway" is, however, valid oxidized. Owing diverse, methodological difficulties differentiate soil, role nitrogen cycle remains uncertain.

Язык: Английский

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Nitrites in Cured Meats, Health Risk Issues, Alternatives to Nitrites: A Review

Foods, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(21), С. 3355 - 3355

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2022

Nitrite is one of the most widely used curing ingredients in meat industries. Nitrites have numerous useful applications cured meats and a vital component giving their unique characteristics, such as pink color savory flavor. are to suppress oxidation lipid protein products limit growth pathogenic microorganisms Clostridium botulinum. Synthetic nitrite frequently utilized for due its low expenses easier meat. However, it linked production nitrosamines, which has raised several health concerns among consumers regarding usage products. Consumer desire healthier prepared with natural sources increased rising awareness application synthetic nitrites. important understand various activities developing novel substitutes This review emphasizes on effects highlights role carcinogenic nitrosamines well possible from resources explored also.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of microplastics and nitrogen deposition on soil multifunctionality, particularly C and N cycling

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 451, С. 131152 - 131152

Опубликована: Март 5, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal: A review on the functional strains and activated sludge processes

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 835, С. 155409 - 155409

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2022

Язык: Английский

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