The soil pH and heavy metals revealed their impact on soil microbial community

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 321, С. 115770 - 115770

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Unlocking complex soil systems as carbon sinks: multi-pool management as the key

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2023

Much research focuses on increasing carbon storage in mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM), which may persist for centuries to millennia. However, MAOM-targeted management is insufficient because the formation pathways of persistent soil are diverse and vary with environmental conditions. Effective must also consider particulate (POM). In many soils, there potential enlarging POM pools, can over long time scales, be a direct precursor MAOM. We present framework context-dependent strategies that recognizes soils as complex systems conditions constrain MAOM formation.

Язык: Английский

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Nitrogen increases soil organic carbon accrual and alters its functionality

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(7), С. 1971 - 1983

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Abstract Nitrogen (N) availability has been considered as a critical factor for the cycling and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC), but effects N enrichment on SOC pool appear highly variable. Given complex nature pool, recent frameworks suggest that separating this into different functional components, example, particulate (POC) mineral‐associated (MAOC), is great importance understanding predicting dynamics. Importantly, little known about how these N‐induced changes in components (e.g., ratios among fractions) would affect functionality given differences nutrient density, resistance to disturbance, turnover time between POC MAOC pool. Here, we conducted global meta‐analysis 803 paired observations from 98 published studies assess effect addition fractions. We found addition, average, significantly increased pools by 16.4% 3.7%, respectively. In contrast, both were remarkably decreased (4.1% 10.1%, respectively). Increases positively correlated with aboveground plant biomass hydrolytic enzymes. However, positive responses increases microbial biomass. Our results although reactive deposition could facilitate C sequestration some extent, it might decrease time, disturbance study provides mechanistic insights its at scale, which pivotal dynamics especially future scenarios more frequent severe perturbations.

Язык: Английский

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Root Exudates Mediate the Processes of Soil Organic Carbon Input and Efflux

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(3), С. 630 - 630

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023

Root exudates, as an important form of material input from plants to the soil, regulate carbon and efflux plant rhizosphere soil play role in maintaining nutrient balance whole ecosystem. exudates are notoriously difficult collect due their underlying characteristics (e.g., low concentration fast turnover rate) associated methodological challenges accurately measuring root native soils. As a result, up until now, it has been quantify organic most studies. In recent years, contribution ecological effects have paid more attention. However, mechanism mediated by rarely analyzed comprehensively. this review, main processes influencing factors demonstrated. Soil minerals microbes key roles processes. The allocation is influenced relationship between functional traits. Compared with quantity response exudate quality environmental changes affects function more. future, different availability will be quantified, which helpful understand sequestration.

Язык: Английский

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Distinct, direct and climate‐mediated environmental controls on global particulate and mineral‐associated organic carbon storage

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 25, 2023

Abstract Identifying controls on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, and where SOC is most vulnerable to loss, are essential managing soils for both climate change mitigation global food security. However, we currently lack a comprehensive understanding of the drivers especially with regards particulate (POC) mineral‐associated (MAOC). To better understand hierarchical POC MAOC, applied path analyses fractions, (i.e., mean annual temperature [MAT] precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration [MAP‐PET]), (C) input net primary production [NPP]), property data synthesized from 72 published studies, along generated National Ecological Observatory Network pits ( n = 901 total observations). assess utility investigating MAOC separately in storage controls, then compared these results another analysis predicting bulk storage. We found that negatively related MAT pH, while positively NPP MAP‐PET, but % sand. Our revealed similar trends explained less variation C than our analyses. Given pH impose constraints microbial decomposition, this indicates primarily controlled by loss processes. In contrast, strong relationships variables plant productivity constraints, moisture, mineral surface availability sorption indicate climate‐driven variations inputs soil, as well stabilization mechanisms. Altogether, demonstrate separate environmental variables, further justifying need quantify model fractions forecast responses change.

Язык: Английский

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Contrasting properties of soil organic matter fractions isolated by different physical separation methodologies

Geoderma, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 445, С. 116870 - 116870

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024

Physical soil organic matter (SOM) fractions provide increased insight into the biogeochemical functioning of soils. Several fractionation methodologies have been developed to separate particulate (POM) from mineral-associated (MAOM) either by particle size, density, or some combination these two properties. The proliferation approaches separation has led ambiguity regarding what methodologically defined should be understood conceptually represent, hindering robust data synthesis analyses and model development. Here we attempt identify chemical similarities differences amongst POM MAOM separated different physical approaches, with aim guiding choices for future research. We obtained soils 11 farms across United States variable parent materials, textures, pHs, fractionated them using 4 methods. tested single-step methods: a size (53 µm cutoff) density (1.85 g cm−3 cutoff), multi-step combined after full dispersion, which isolates third pool associated coarse, heavy particles (coarse matter; CHAOM), method delayed dispersion free occluded + CHAOM fraction. analyzed all C N concentrations, their isotopic composition, composition via mid-infrared spectroscopy. found that tended very homogenous in character regardless schemes, while varied widely. In particular, isolated floatation was distinct both spectroscopic signature compared alone. Indeed, our results indicated is composite fraction light CHAOM, does not map well onto conceptual pool. more similar terms indicating one-step separations may most effective means isolating contrasting SOM pools time cost-efficient matter. However, analysis highlights POM, exhibit features, three are worth separating size-density when possible.

Язык: Английский

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A stoichiometric approach to estimate sources of mineral‐associated soil organic matter

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2023

Abstract Mineral‐associated soil organic matter (MAOM) is the largest, slowest cycling pool of carbon (C) in terrestrial biosphere. MAOM primarily derived from plant and microbial sources, yet relative contributions these two sources to remain unresolved. Resolving this issue essential for managing modeling responses environmental change. Microbial biomarkers, particularly amino sugars, are primary method used estimate versus MAOM, despite systematic biases associated with estimates. There a clear need independent lines evidence help determine importance MAOM. Here, we synthesized 288 datasets C/N ratios particulate (POM), biomass across soils forests, grasslands, croplands. source residues that form whereas POM direct precursor We then stoichiometric approach—based on two‐pool, isotope‐mixing models—to proportional contribution residue (POM) pool. Depending assumptions underlying our approach, inputs accounted between 34% 47% pool, contributed 53%–66%. Our results therefore challenge existing hypothesis dominant constituents conclude biogeochemical theory models should account multiple pathways formation, required resolve where when formation.

Язык: Английский

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Contrasting geochemical and fungal controls on decomposition of lignin and soil carbon at continental scale

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2023

Abstract Lignin is an abundant and complex plant polymer that may limit litter decomposition, yet lignin sometimes a minor constituent of soil organic carbon (SOC). Accounting for diversity in characteristics might reconcile this apparent contradiction. Tracking decomposition lignin/litter mixture SOC across different North American mineral soils using lab field incubations, here we show cumulative varies 18-fold among strongly correlated with bulk but not decomposition. Climate legacy predicts the lab, impacts nitrogen availability are compared geochemical microbial properties. increases some metals fungal taxa, whereas decreases weakly related fungi. Decoupling their contrasting biogeochemical drivers indicate necessarily bottleneck can explain variable contributions to ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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Vegetation restoration altered the soil organic carbon composition and favoured its stability in a Robinia pseudoacacia plantation

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 899, С. 165665 - 165665

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Quantifying mineral-associated organic matter in wetlands as an indicator of the degree of soil carbon protection

Geoderma, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 430, С. 116327 - 116327

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

As atmospheric carbon (C) concentrations increase, so too has interest in understanding the mechanisms that preserve C within soil organic matter (SOM). Mineral-associated (MAOM) is one pool of SOM recently shown to protect from mineralization. However, most MAOM research been agriculture and forest mineral soils. Given magnitude stored wetlands, this study sought determine abundance wetlands. A standard method for quantifying terrestrial soils was tested, modified, optimized with three unique wetland Using a physical fractionation followed by density fractionation, it concluded field moist dispersant were necessary fractionating (0–50 cm). The Bayhead Swamp had greatest total (484.07 ± 1.25 mg g -1), but smallest (0.63 %); light fraction as particulate (POM, >98 %). sandy-peat Cypress Dome also lacked (1.09 %) dominated POM (66.26 silt-rich Brackish Marsh least (94.37 1.67 largest protected (24.60 % MAOM). Nitrogen (N) similar trends C, except where nearly half N MAOM. This represents first step evaluating role persistence organic-rich soils; future work should consider fraction, addition quantity.

Язык: Английский

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