Soil Science Society of America Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
89(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2024
Abstract
Organic
cropping
systems
may
potentially
improve
soil
and
environmental
health
relative
to
simplified
conventional
due
the
use
of
extended
crop
rotations,
perennial
crops,
animal
manure.
However,
few
studies
have
evaluated
impacts
organic
row
on
a
suite
indicators
across
time.
Thus,
our
objective
was
assess
how
system
(conventional
corn
[
Zea
mays
L.]–soybean
Glycine
max
L.]
vs.
corn–soybean–oat
Avena
sativa
L.]/alfalfa
Medicago
L.]–alfalfa
pasture)
duration
management
affect
surface
(soil
biological,
chemical,
physical
properties)
after
1–9
years
in
Central
Iowa
Mollisol.
Overall,
rotation
improved
six
14
compared
with
pasture
eight
indicators.
The
included
biological
indicators,
labile
C
N
pools,
wet‐aggregate
stability,
but
not
or
total
concentrations.
had
fewer
effects
most
chemical
properties.
reduced
by
0.35
g
kg
−1
year
(
r
=
−0.84,
n
9,
p
0.005),
unlike
which
levels
were
generally
maintained.
changes
attributed
perennials,
reductions
tillage
frequency
(during
phases),
manure,
differing
plant
residue
amounts
among
three
systems.
In
conclusion,
can
enhance
related
medium
term,
fertility
under
conditions
this
study.
Soil Biology and Biochemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
190, С. 109323 - 109323
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024
Microbial
necromass
carbon
(C)
can
substantially
contribute
to
stabilized
soil
organic
matter
(SOM),
and
effective
management
of
this
C
may
help
mitigate
climate
change.
However,
factors
important
the
formation
microbial
are
only
partly
understood.
While
bioavailable
plant
inputs
induce
by
boosting
growth
use
efficiency,
other
traits,
such
as
those
related
secretion
systems
or
adhesion
motility,
also
be
relevant.
These
traits
independent
bioavailability
modulated
environmental
depth
site
age.
Such
links,
however,
have
hardly
been
studied.
Here,
we
used
replicated
plots
European
alder
(more
inputs)
Scots
pine
(less
investigate
links
among
inputs,
depth,
age,
community
composition,
in
SOM,
i.e.,
particulate
occluded
within
aggregates
(oPOM)
mineral-associated
(MAOM).
We
did
not
find
evidence
that
nor
were
major
drivers
formation.
Instead,
certain
taxa,
diversity
particular,
most
tightly
MAOM.
contributed
oPOM
(up
∼57%
stored
fraction),
a
pool
considered
largely
derive
from
biomolecules.
Combined,
MAOM
accounted
for
∼23%
bulk
contents.
Our
results
imply
C-focused
research
consider
constraints
on
composition
diversity,
pools
than
MAOM,
plant-derived
SOM.
Soil Security,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15, С. 100153 - 100153
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Soil
organic
carbon
(SOC)
sequestration
has
become
a
critical
component
of
climate
change
mitigation
strategies,
offering
natural
and
economically
viable
means
to
mitigate
atmospheric
CO2
levels.
Current
practices
in
SOC
auditing
face
limitations
due
the
requirement
for
permanence,
which
can
discourage
landholders
from
participating
long-term
commitments
uncertainties.
We
propose
concept
Carbon
Tonne-Year
as
new
unit
measurement
assessing
sequestration,
focusing
on
time-integrated
amount
stored
soil.
tonne-year
measures
stock
across
different
operational
soil
pools
(such
Mineral
Associated
Organic
Particulate
Carbon),
each
with
its
own
mean
residence
time.
This
approach,
based
physical
rather
than
economic
or
climatic
metrics,
aims
offer
more
accurate,
flexible,
realistic
method
accounting
SOC.
Our
examples
suggest
that
approach
could
significantly
enhance
management
flexibility,
potentially
increasing
land
value
leading
sustainable
gains
over
long
term.
Soil Science Society of America Journal,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
89(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Abstract
The
application
of
compost
increases
soil
organic
matter
(SOM)
content;
however,
there
is
a
lack
information
on
the
short‐
and
long‐term
effects
dynamics
labile
SOM
pools
in
compost‐amended
soils
semiarid
region.
goal
this
study
to
distinguish
between
parameters
that
can
be
used
for
investigating
accumulative
are
sensitive
short‐term
changes
but
diminish
with
time.
To
address
goal,
we
focused
(1)
rates
contents
microbial
biomass
carbon
(MBC),
cold
water‐extractable
(WEOC),
hot
(HWEOC),
respectively,
(2)
composition
WEOC
HWEOC
characterized
using
(i)
absorbance
at
254
nm
(Abs
)
representing
presence
aromatic
components
(ii)
fluorescence
spectroscopy
excitation–emission
matrices
coupled
parallel
factor
analysis.
Soil
samples
were
taken
from
field
experiment
region,
which
investigated
annual
load
cattle
manure‐based
(at
0,
20,
40,
or
60
m
3
ha
−1
year
properties
crop
performance.
C
concentrations
water
extracts
found
indicators
compost‐load
effect
content.
Compost
dose
had
strong
(2
weeks)
impact
MBC,
no
(over
months
years)
was
observed.
Of
variables
examined
short
term,
WEOC,
Abs
values
most
responsive
load.
proportion
fluorescent
constituents
out
decreased
dose.
UV‐
fluorescence‐spectroscopy
useful
means
characterize
influence
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
31(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Managing
soils
to
increase
organic
carbon
storage
presents
a
potential
opportunity
mitigate
and
adapt
global
change
challenges,
while
providing
numerous
co‐benefits
ecosystem
services.
However,
differ
widely
in
their
for
sequestration,
knowledge
of
biophysical
limits
accumulation
may
aid
informing
priority
regions.
Consequently,
there
is
great
interest
assessing
whether
exhibit
maximum
capacity
storing
carbon,
particularly
within
organo–mineral
associations
given
the
finite
nature
reactive
minerals
soil.
While
concept
soil
saturation
has
existed
over
25
years,
recent
studies
have
argued
against
its
importance.
Here,
we
summarize
conceptual
understanding
at
both
micro‐
macro‐scales,
define
key
terminology,
address
common
concerns
misconceptions.
We
review
methods
used
quantify
saturation,
highlighting
theory
caveats
each
approach.
Critically,
explore
utility
principles
accumulation,
vulnerability
loss,
representations
process‐based
models.
highlight
gaps
propose
next
steps
furthering
our
mechanistic
implications
management.
