This
study
presents
a
novel
framework
to
evaluate
the
impact
of
certain
cycle
underwater
hull
and
propeller
cleaning
(UHPC).
The
artificial
neural
network
model
was
created
predict
FC,
coefficients
for
six
voyages
were
calculated.
Three
scenarios,
in
which
changed
different
ways,
established,
monthly
FC
values
calculated
accordingly.
annual
fuel
cost
saving,
when
UHPC
four
months
$10,402–26,685,
$9,653-24,102
months.
It
confirmed
that
yearly
CO2,
CO2e100,
CO2e20
emissions
could
be
reduced
by
79–192,
85–206,
92–222
t,
respectively.
As
result,
economic
environmental
effects
proven,
4-month
more
effective
than
6-month
cycle.
Marine Pollution Bulletin,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
214, С. 117688 - 117688
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025
The
maritime
industry,
a
cornerstone
of
global
trade,
faces
mounting
pressure
to
improve
energy
efficiency
and
minimize
environmental
impact.
To
address
this,
systematic
review
is
proposed
analyze
trends
advancements,
aiming
the
ships.
This
comprehensively
examines
contemporary
methodologies
persistent
challenges
in
assessing
ship
efficiency.
We
recent
advancements
design
operational
practices
that
promote
gains.
Additionally,
we
explore
evolution
regulatory
frameworks
industry
standards
governing
assessment.
Key
challenges,
including
data
availability,
measurement
accuracy,
technological
limitations,
are
scrutinized
along
with
potential
solutions.
aims
equip
researchers,
practitioners,
policymakers
comprehensive
understanding
current
landscape,
paving
way
for
future
research
policy
initiatives
drive
sustainable
transportation.
Abstract
International
shipping
conveys
over
80%
of
global
trade
by
volume
and
emits
an
estimated
3%
the
world's
greenhouse
gases
(GHGs).
There
are
many
potential
pathways
barriers
to
decarbonizing
diverse
fragmented
international
sector,
with
numerous
uncertainties.
Here,
we
employ
expert
elicitation,
gathering
perspectives
from
149
world‐leading
experts
in
maritime
decarbonization,
characterize
uncertainties
decarbonization
pathways.
These
predict
a
30%–40%
(25th–75th
percentile
range)
carbon
intensity
reduction
2030
compared
2008,
meeting
Maritime
Organization's
(IMO)
target.
By
2050,
they
anticipate
approximate
40%–75%
cut
GHG
emissions,
falling
short
IMO's
2050
net‐zero
goal.
Responding
see
occurring
through
three
types
measures:
operational,
technological,
alternative
energy
sources.
In
short‐term,
is
predicted
be
dominated
operational
measures,
while
long‐term,
it
will
energy,
although
there
no
consensus
on
which
fuels
dominate.
Technological
upgrades
expected
play
crucial
supporting
roles.
The
believe
that
differences
business
models
governance
may
lead
different
ship
segment.
experts'
qualitative
responses
highlight:
systems,
fleet
turnover,
spillover
effects
other
sectors,
reducing
industry
pessimism,
supply
chain
as
critical
leverage
points
can
propel
toward
sustainable
Navigating
this
transition
demands
support
key
levers
identified
study:
politics
policy,
governance,
contractual
architecture.
Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(8), С. 3612 - 3612
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025
This
study
investigates
energy
efficiency
indicators
including
the
Energy
Efficiency
Design
Index
(EEDI),
Operational
(EEOI),
Ship
Management
Plan
(SEEMP),
Existing
(EEXI),
and
Carbon
Intensity
Indicator
(CII)
by
providing
a
comprehensive
scientometric
analysis.
The
specified
indices
are
scrutinized
using
papers
from
WoS
Scopus
databases
applying
Preferred
Reporting
Items
for
Systematic
Reviews
Meta
Analyses
(PRISMA)
method
to
select
most
appropriate
in
related
literature.
Keyword
citation
analysis
of
were
performed
VOSviewer
software
program
reveal
current
research
trends.
addresses
several
critical
aspects.
Firstly,
it
focuses
on
identifying
which
employed
more
frequently
literature,
secondly,
classifies
according
whether
calculation
was
made,
yearly
distribution
determined.
results
pinpoint
that
EEDI
EEOI
examined
42.55%
22.49%
reviewed
studies,
respectively.
Furthermore,
is
evident
EEXI
CII
percentages
have
increased
drastically
over
past
three
years,
with
figures
standing
at
20.01%
18.59%,
Consequently,
alignment
findings,
theoretical
managerial
implications
highlighted
private
sector,
academia,
maritime
stakeholders.
