Forest fires under the lens: needleleaf index - a novel tool for satellite image analysis

npj natural hazards., Год журнала: 2025, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Abstract High-resolution coniferous forest area datasets are needed to understand spatiotemporal variations in capacity 1–3 ; however, separating forests from other vegetation covers remains challenging because of their similar spectral signatures 4,5 . Here, we propose a new index called the needleleaf extract areas North American boreal based on Landsat imagery at 30-m resolution by utilizing over 24,000 images. Our analysis revealed that 25% total burned past two decades was destroyed 2023 wildfires. Remotely sensed observations showed 2018–2023 period increased 5.62% compared with 1984–1991 and decreased 4.85% since its peak 1992–2001. While holds potential for application taiga biome across different continents, further validation is essential assess reliability.

Язык: Английский

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Downdrafts of Biomass Burning to Houston Enhanced by Local Convective Activity

ACS ES&T Air, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 27, 2025

In June 2023, an elevated smoke layer from record-breaking Canadian wildfires was transported across the eastern half of United States, impacting air quality for millions people. Houston, TX experienced a notable biomass burning (BB) event associated with this wildfire Jun 4 to 9, 2023. The vertical transport down surface followed afternoon convective activity in Houston urban area on 6–8. Our monitoring sites at urban, rural, and coastal locations around different levels smoke. Carbon monoxide, aerosol absorption, Absorption Ångström Exponent (AAE) revealed stronger incursions overnight site. average nighttime AAE during BB period 1.28 384 ppbv CO; by comparison, monthly averages 2023 were 1.03 172 ppbv, respectively. Enhanced PM2.5 NO2 coincided tracers while higher ozone concentrations observed following day downwind relative peak sites. also significantly than standard deviation (14.5 versus 5.19 ± 4.61 respectively). Ozone peaked over 100 9 driven clear skies after high BB. Understanding role enhancing downdraft plumes will improve assessment long-range impacts populations.

Язык: Английский

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From spark to suppression: An overview of wildfire monitoring, progression prediction, and extinguishing techniques

International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 140, С. 104600 - 104600

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Optimizing fuel treatments for community wildfire mitigation planning

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 370, С. 122325 - 122325

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Alberta’s 2023 wildfires: context, factors and futures

Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024

Wildfires burned an estimated 2.2 million hectares in Alberta 2023. We describe key attributes of the fires relative to historical and fire seasons offer a perspective on potentially influential factors. Thirty-six large ≥10 000 ha generated 95% annual area burned. Individually, these exhibited sizes, weather, behaviour consistent with fires; there were simply far more them Thirteen reported early May ignited by lightning reached final sizes ha, revealing previously unrecognized threat. Historically, lightning-ignited before mid-May occur just once per decade average. Collectively, 18 coincided drier conditions compared after mid-May. Early weather was also warmer than weather. The group temporally concentrated outbreak west-central extreme potential rate spread. Large intermittent through September, northern regions for fuel consumption. two spatiotemporal modes season severity (outbreak, intermittent) produced areas par extremes. Together, 2023 multi-modal pattern amplified above anything recorded. Potential contributing factors include climate warming, hemispheric teleconnections, phenology exhaustion suppression resources. Implications future seasons, research management are discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Modeling the seasonal wildfire cycle and its possible effects on the distribution of focal species in Kermanshah Province, western Iran

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(10), С. e0312552 - e0312552

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

Predicting environmental disturbances and evaluating their potential impacts on the habitats of various plant animal species is a suitable strategy for guiding conservation efforts. Wildfires are type disturbance that can affect many aspects an ecosystem its species. Therefore, through integration spatial models distribution (SDMs), we make informed predictions occurrence such phenomena impacts. This study focused five focal species, namely, brown bear ( Ursus arctos ), wild goat Capra aegagrus sheep Ovis orientalis wildcat Felis silvestris striped hyena Hyaena hyaena ). used MODIS active fire data ensemble machine learning methods to model risk wildfire in 2023 spring, summer, autumn separately. also investigated suitability via SDMs. The predicted probability maps habitat were converted binary values true skill statistic (TSS) threshold. overlap map areas was analyzed GAP analysis. area prone summer winter equal 9077.32; 10,199.83 13,723.49 KM 2 calculated, which indicates increase risk. Proximity roads one most important factors affecting possible effects wildfires all seasons. Most occurrences concentrated agricultural lands, which, when integrated with other land use types, have destroy residues critical factor wildfires. range each considered component susceptibility. Hence, autumn, 5.257, 5.856, 6.889 km respectively, affected by possibility fire. In contrast, these lowest , 162, 127, 396 respectively. dependent human-based ecosystems highest vulnerability wildfire. Conservation efforts should focus familiarizing farmers destroying as well consequences intentional fires. findings this be mitigate negative protect

Язык: Английский

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Fire-Net: Rapid Recognition of Forest Fires in UAV Remote Sensing Imagery Using Embedded Devices

Remote Sensing, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(15), С. 2846 - 2846

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2024

Forest fires pose a catastrophic threat to Earth’s ecology as well threaten human beings. Timely and accurate monitoring of forest can significantly reduce potential casualties property damage. Thus, address the aforementioned problems, this paper proposed an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based on lightweight fire recognition model, Fire-Net, which has multi-stage structure incorporates cross-channel attention following fifth stage. This is enable model’s ability perceive features at various scales, particularly small-scale sources in wild scenes. Through training testing real-world dataset, convolutional neural networks were evaluated embedded devices. The experimental outcomes indicate that Fire-Net attained accuracy 98.18%, precision 99.14%, recall 98.01%, surpassing current leading methods. Furthermore, model showcases average inference time 10 milliseconds per image operates 86 frames second (FPS)

Язык: Английский

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The Effects of Wildfires on the Mental and Physical Health of School‐Age Children in North America: A Scoping Review

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(4)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Background Wildfires are occurring more often and with greater intensity, leading to longer harsher fire seasons. As a result, children frequently exposed wildfire smoke, which increases their risk of mental physical health effects. Purpose The purpose our scoping review is explore the current literature on what known about direct indirect impacts wildfires school‐age in North America (5 18‐year‐olds). Methods A sciences librarian‐assisted search, input from research team, was performed. Results total 16 studies were selected. Common symptoms such as anxiety, depression, suicidal thinking, post‐traumatic stress disorder have been identified. findings this line recent showing connection between adult exposure respiratory conditions; however, no cardiovascular effects Conclusions available demonstrate that do increase both postexposure children. Future should specifically include larger samples, qualitative longitudinal can effectively analyze events psychological factors over time, conceptual frameworks, metrics specific for PM 2.5 smoke.

Язык: Английский

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A Multi-Disruption Risk Analysis System for Sustainable Supply Chain Resilience

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 105136 - 105136

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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