Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(23), С. 1948 - 1948
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2024
Numerous
studies
have
demonstrated
the
significant
influence
of
immune
cells
on
cancer
development
and
treatment.
This
study
specifically
examines
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
detailing
their
characteristics
roles
in
tumorigenesis
analyzing
impact
ratio
TAM
subtypes
patient
survival
prognosis.
It
is
established
that
TAMs
interact
with
immunotherapy,
radiotherapy,
chemotherapy,
thereby
influencing
efficacy
these
treatments.
Emerging
therapies
are
explored,
such
as
use
nanoparticles
(NPs)
for
drug
delivery
to
target
modify
tumor
microenvironment
(TME).
Additionally,
novel
anticancer
strategies
like
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR-Ms)
show
promising
results.
Investigations
into
training
using
magnetic
fields,
plasma
stimulation,
electroporation
also
discussed.
Finally,
this
presents
prospects
combination
TAM-based
enhanced
treatment
outcomes.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Март 7, 2025
Abstract
Macrophages
are
immune
cells
belonging
to
the
mononuclear
phagocyte
system.
They
play
crucial
roles
in
defense,
surveillance,
and
homeostasis.
This
review
systematically
discusses
types
of
hematopoietic
progenitors
that
give
rise
macrophages,
including
primitive
progenitors,
erythro-myeloid
stem
cells.
These
have
distinct
genetic
backgrounds
developmental
processes.
Accordingly,
macrophages
exhibit
complex
diverse
functions
body,
phagocytosis
clearance
cellular
debris,
antigen
presentation,
response,
regulation
inflammation
cytokine
production,
tissue
remodeling
repair,
multi-level
regulatory
signaling
pathways/crosstalk
involved
homeostasis
physiology.
Besides,
tumor-associated
a
key
component
TME,
exhibiting
both
anti-tumor
pro-tumor
properties.
Furthermore,
functional
status
is
closely
linked
development
various
diseases,
cancer,
autoimmune
disorders,
cardiovascular
disease,
neurodegenerative
metabolic
conditions,
trauma.
Targeting
has
emerged
as
promising
therapeutic
strategy
these
contexts.
Clinical
trials
macrophage-based
targeted
drugs,
immunotherapies,
nanoparticle-based
therapy
were
comprehensively
summarized.
Potential
challenges
future
directions
targeting
also
been
discussed.
Overall,
our
highlights
significance
this
versatile
cell
human
health
which
expected
inform
research
clinical
practice.
Biomarker Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024
Abstract
With
the
advent
of
adoptive
cellular
therapy,
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell
therapy
has
gained
widespread
application
in
cancer
treatment
and
demonstrated
significant
efficacy
against
certain
hematologic
malignancies.
However,
due
to
limitations
CAR-T
treating
solid
tumors,
other
immune
cells
are
being
modified
with
CAR
address
this
issue.
Macrophages
have
emerged
as
a
promising
option,
owing
their
extensive
functions,
which
include
presentation,
powerful
tumor
phagocytosis,
particularly
active
trafficking
microenvironment.
Leveraging
unique
advantages,
CAR-macrophages
(CAR-M)
expected
enhance
effectiveness
treatments
novel
form
immunotherapy,
potentially
overcoming
major
challenges
associated
CAR-T/NK
therapy.
This
review
outlines
primary
mechanism
underlying
CAR-M
recent
progressions
while
also
discussing
further
applications.
Experimental Hematology and Oncology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024
Abstract
Chimeric
antigen
receptor
macrophage
(CAR-MΦ)
represents
a
significant
advancement
in
immunotherapy,
especially
for
treating
solid
tumors
where
traditional
CAR-T
therapies
face
limitations.
CAR-MΦ
offers
promising
approach
to
target
and
eradicate
tumor
cells
by
utilizing
macrophages’
phagocytic
antigen-presenting
abilities.
However,
challenges
such
as
the
complex
microenvironment
(TME),
variability
expression,
immune
suppression
limit
their
efficacy.
This
review
addresses
these
issues,
exploring
mechanisms
of
action,
optimal
construct
designs,
interactions
within
TME.
It
also
delves
into
ex
vivo
manufacturing
CAR-MΦ,
discussing
autologous
allogeneic
sources
importance
stringent
quality
control.
The
potential
synergies
integrating
with
existing
cancer
like
checkpoint
inhibitors
conventional
chemotherapeutics
are
examined
highlight
possible
enhanced
treatment
outcomes.
Furthermore,
regulatory
pathways
scrutinized
alongside
established
protocols
cells,
identifying
unique
considerations
essential
clinical
trials
market
approval.
Proposed
safety
monitoring
frameworks
aim
manage
adverse
events,
cytokine
release
syndrome,
crucial
patient
safety.
Consolidating
current
research
insights,
this
seeks
refine
therapeutic
applications,
overcome
barriers,
suggest
future
directions
transition
from
experimental
platforms
standard
care
options.
Journal of Clinical Investigation,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
135(8)
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2025
Pancreatic
ductal
adenocarcinoma
cancer
(PDAC)
continues
to
pose
a
significant
health
burden,
with
5-year
survival
rate
of
only
10%.
Prostate
stem
cell
antigen
(PSCA)
is
highly
expressed
on
the
surface
tumor
cells
most
PDAC
patients,
minimum
expression
in
normal
tissues.
Here,
we
generated
cryopreserved,
off-the-shelf,
allogeneic
PSCA
chimeric
receptor
(CAR)
invariant
NKT
(iNKT)
using
human
peripheral
blood
mononuclear
as
source.
In
multiple
vitro
and
vivo
models,
freshly
manufactured
CAR_sIL-15
iNKT
frozen-thawed,
off-the-shelf
demonstrate
comparable
efficacies,
both
show
remarkable
suppression
PSCA-positive
gemcitabine-resistant
PDAC.
Importantly,
cryopreserved
equivalent
efficacy
when
compared
CAR
T
same
model;
however,
do
not
appear
induce
systemic
toxicity
or
graft-versus-host
disease,
thus
allowing
for
infusions
control
recurrent
disease.
Collectively,
our
study
suggests
that
merit
clinical
investigation
patients
exhibiting
positive
expression.
The
therapy
could
be
given
single
agent
combination
established
therapeutic
modalities
Biomarker Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024
Abstract
Cancer
immunotherapy
has
sparked
a
wave
of
cancer
research,
driven
by
recent
successful
proof-of-concept
clinical
trials.
However,
barriers
are
emerging
during
its
rapid
development,
including
broad
adverse
effects,
lack
reliable
biomarkers,
tumor
relapses,
and
drug
resistance.
Integration
nanomedicine
may
ameliorate
current
immunotherapy.
Ultra-large
surface-to-volume
ratio,
extremely
small
size,
easy
modification
surface
nanoparticles
enable
them
to
selectively
detect
cells
kill
in
vivo.
Exciting
synergistic
applications
the
two
approaches
have
emerged
treating
various
cancers
at
intersection
nanomedicine,
indicating
potential
that
combination
these
therapeutic
modalities
can
lead
new
paradigms
treatment
cancer.
This
review
discusses
status
explores
possible
opportunities
platform
make
more
powerful
precise
synergizing
approaches.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2024
After
experiencing
many
ups
and
downs,
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell
therapy
has
reached
a
milestone
as
an
anti-cancer
method,
evidenced
by
the
increasing
number
of
clinical
trials
approved
products.
Nonetheless,
there
is
real
need
to
optimize
CAR-T
overcome
its
existing
limitations.
The
importance
cellular
starting
material
for
generating
cells
undeniable,
current
personalized
manufacturing
approach
main
roadblock
providing
fast,
affordable,
standard
treatment
patients.
Thus,
developing
off-the-shelf
product
leading
focus
in
adoptive
therapy.
Several
biotech
companies
worldwide
are
focused
on
from
allogeneic
sources.
Induced
pluripotent
stem
(iPSCs)
have
unique
characteristics,
making
them
highly
attractive
among
various
IPSCs
can
be
modified
with
CAR,
undergo
other
intended
gene
manipulations,
then
differentiated
into
functional
hematopoietic
lineages
activity.
Moreover,
iPSCs
provide
unlimited
source,
simplifying
setting
protocol
homogenous
population
resulting
reducing
batch-to-batch
inconsistency.
In
this
review,
we
delve
iPSC-derived
(iCAR-T)
discuss
path
challenges
their
translation.
We
also
introduce
some
alternatives
conventional
iCAR-αβ-T
cells,
including
iCAR-T
limited
TCR
diversity,
iCAR-NK,
iCAR-macrophages,
iCAR-neutrophils
relative
advantages
disadvantages
well
differentiation
compliance
cGMP.
Finally,
reviewed
CAR-engineered
being
evaluated
trials.
Abstract
Cell-based
immunotherapy,
recognized
as
living
drugs,
is
revolutionizing
clinical
treatment
to
advanced
cancer
and
shaping
the
landscape
of
biomedical
research
for
complex
diseases.
The
differentiation
human
pluripotent
stem
cells
(PSCs)
emerges
a
novel
platform
with
potential
generate
an
unlimited
supply
therapeutic
immune
cells,
especially
when
coupled
gene
modification
techniques.
PSC-based
immunotherapy
expected
meet
vast
demand
drugs.
Here,
we
examine
recent
preclinical
advances
in
focusing
on
PSC
strategies
methods
producing
cells.
We
also
discuss
opportunities
this
field
challenges
cell
quality
safety
stresses
need
further
transparency
unlock
full
immunotherapies.
