Physiologia Plantarum,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
176(5)
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024
Abstract
Pathogenesis‐related
proteins
(PR),
including
osmotins,
play
a
vital
role
in
plant
defense,
being
activated
response
to
diverse
biotic
and
abiotic
stresses.
Despite
their
significance,
the
mechanistic
insights
into
of
osmotins
defense
have
not
been
extensively
explored.
The
present
study
explores
cloning
characterization
osmotin
gene
(
WsOsm
)
from
Withania
somnifera
,
aiming
illuminate
its
mechanisms.
Quantitative
real‐time
PCR
analysis
revealed
significant
induction
various
phytohormones
e.g.
abscisic
acid,
salicylic
methyl
jasmonate,
brassinosteroids,
ethrel,
as
well
stresses
like
heat,
cold,
salt,
drought.
To
further
elucidate
's
functional
role,
we
overexpressed
Nicotiana
tabacum
resulting
heightened
resistance
against
Alternaria
solani
pathogen.
Additionally,
observed
enhancements
shoot
length,
root
biomass
transgenic
tobacco
plants
compared
wild
plants.
Notably,
WsOsm‐
overexpressing
seedlings
demonstrated
improved
salt
drought
stress
tolerance,
particularly
at
seedling
stage.
Confocal
histological
H
2
O
biochemical
studies
antioxidant
enzyme
activities
higher
levels
lines,
indicating
enhanced
defense.
Furthermore,
pull‐down
assay
mass
spectrometry
potential
interaction
between
defensin,
known
antifungal
PR
protein
(WsDF).
This
suggests
novel
mediating
responses
by
interacting
with
other
proteins.
Overall,
these
findings
pave
way
for
future
applications
developing
stress‐tolerant
crops
improving
strategies
pathogens.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024
The
contamination
of
soil
and
water
with
high
levels
heavy
metals
(HMs)
has
emerged
as
a
significant
obstacle
to
agricultural
productivity
overall
crop
quality.
Certain
HMs,
although
serving
essential
micronutrients,
are
required
in
smaller
quantities
for
plant
growth.
However,
when
present
higher
concentrations,
they
become
very
toxic.
Several
studies
have
shown
that
balance
out
the
harmful
effects
complex
systems
needed
at
molecular,
physiological,
biochemical,
cellular,
tissue,
whole
levels.
This
could
lead
more
crops
being
grown.
Our
review
focused
on
HMs'
resources,
occurrences,
implications.
will
also
look
how
plants
react
HMs
affect
seed
performance
well
benefits
provide
plants.
Furthermore,
examines
transport
genes
their
metabolic
responses
HMs.
We
examined
obstacles
potential
management
strategies.
Physiologia Plantarum,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
176(3)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2024
Abstract
Salicylic
acid
(SA)
is
an
important
phytohormone,
well‐known
for
its
regulatory
role
in
shaping
plant
immune
responses.
In
recent
years,
significant
progress
has
been
made
unravelling
the
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
SA
biosynthesis,
perception,
and
downstream
signalling
cascades.
Through
concerted
efforts
employing
genetic,
biochemical,
omics
approaches,
our
understanding
of
SA‐mediated
defence
responses
undergone
remarkable
expansion.
general,
following
biosynthesis
through
Avr
effectors
pathogens,
newly
synthesized
undergoes
various
biochemical
changes
to
achieve
active/inactive
forms
(e.g.
methyl
salicylate).
The
activated
subsequently
triggers
pathways
associated
with
perception
pathogen‐derived
signals,
expression
genes,
induction
systemic
acquired
resistance
(SAR)
tailor
intricate
networks
that
coordinate
Nonetheless,
mechanistic
regulation
currently
limited
because
crosstalk
other
networks,
which
makes
this
hormone
more
challenging.
This
comprehensive
review
aims
provide
integrated
overview
immunity,
deriving
current
knowledge
from
diverse
research
outcomes.
integration
case
studies,
experimental
evidence,
emerging
trends,
offers
insights
into
governing
immunity
signalling.
Additionally,
discusses
potential
applications
strategies
crop
improvement,
disease
management,
sustainable
agricultural
practices.
Genes,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(9), С. 1237 - 1237
Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024
Plant
activators
have
emerged
as
promising
alternatives
to
conventional
crop
protection
chemicals
for
managing
diseases
due
their
unique
mode
of
action.
By
priming
the
plant's
innate
immune
system,
these
compounds
can
induce
disease
resistance
against
a
broad
spectrum
pathogens
without
directly
inhibiting
proliferation.
Key
advantages
plant
include
prolonged
defense
activity,
lower
effective
dosages,
and
negligible
risk
pathogen
development.
Among
various
defensive
pathways
targeted,
salicylic
acid
(SA)
signaling
cascade
has
been
extensively
explored,
leading
successful
development
commercial
systemic
acquired
resistance,
such
benzothiadiazole,
widespread
application
in
protection.
While
action
sites
many
SA-targeting
preliminarily
mapped
different
steps
along
pathway,
comprehensive
understanding
precise
mechanisms
remains
elusive.
This
review
provides
historical
perspective
on
activator
outlines
diverse
screening
strategies
employed,
from
whole-plant
bioassays
molecular
transgenic
approaches.
We
elaborate
components,
biological
significance,
regulatory
circuits
governing
SA
pathway
while
critically
examining
structural
features,
bioactivities,
proposed
modes
classical
benzothiadiazole
derivatives,
analogs,
other
small
molecules.
Insights
field
trials
assessing
practical
applicability
are
also
discussed.
Furthermore,
we
highlight
current
status,
challenges,
future
prospects
realm
globally,
with
focus
recent
endeavors
China.
Collectively,
this
aims
describe
existing
knowledge
provide
roadmap
research
toward
developing
more
potent
that
enhance
health.
Agronomy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(10), С. 2421 - 2421
Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2024
Plants
encounter
various
stresses
in
their
natural
environments
and
can
effectively
respond
to
only
one
stress
at
a
time.
Through
complex
gene
network,
transcription
factors
(TFs)
such
as
WRKY
TFs
regulate
diverse
array
of
responses.
The
clarification
the
structural
characteristics
proteins,
along
with
recent
advancements
molecular
dynamics
simulations,
has
shed
light
on
formation,
stability,
interactions
DNA–protein
complexes.
This
provided
novel
viewpoint
regarding
control
TFs.
investigation
superfamilies,
encompassing
historical
development,
diversity,
evolutionary
patterns,
become
feasible
due
transcriptome
approach’s
capacity
provide
extensive
comprehensive
transcripts.
significance
lies
pivotal
role
within
several
signaling
cascades
regulatory
networks
that
influence
plant
defense
present
review
summarizes
functional
aspects
high-volume
sequence
data
from
different
species
studied
date.
Moreover,
comparative
analysis
approach
was
utilized
determine
functions
identified
response
both
abiotic
biotic
stresses,
revealed
through
numerous
studies
species.
results
this
will
be
understanding
events
context
climate
change,
incorporating
new
scientific
evidence
propose
an
innovative
viewpoint.
