Hump‐Inspired Hierarchical Fabric for Personal Thermal Protection and Thermal Comfort Management

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(10)

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2023

Abstract Personal protection is critical for firefighters to ensure their safety in an extreme fire environment. However, conventional firefighter uniforms tend focus on thermal and have the bottleneck of lacking personal management. The heat stress caused by poor management inevitably detriments human body health. Here, a hump‐inspired hierarchical fabric (HHF) composed insulation structure directional water transport demonstrated comfort results show that HHF exhibits enhanced ability endows continuous one‐way liquid flow through distributed sweat‐wicking channels. Compared uniform fabrics, shows simultaneously low conductivity (0.0192 W m −1 K ) cross‐plane direction high breathability moisture permeability. It observed temperature relative humidity simulated skin covered‐HHF at condition (≈80 °C) are ≈20.6 °C ≈13.6% lower than uniforms. expected with exceptional performance can make significant impact future development advanced firefighters.

Язык: Английский

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Positive selection footprints and haplotype distribution in the genome of dromedary camels

animal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(3), С. 101098 - 101098

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Dromedary camels are a domestic species characterized by various adaptive traits. Limited efforts have been employed toward identifying genetic regions and haplotypes under selection that might be related to such adaptations. These elements considered valuable sources should conserved maintain the dromedaries' adaptability. Here, we analyzed whole genome sequences of 40 dromedary from different Arabian Peninsula populations assess their relationship define with signatures selection. Genetic distinction based on geography was observed, classifying into four groups: (1) North Central, (2) West, (3) Southwest, (4) Southeast, substantial levels admixture. Using de-correlated composite multiple signal approach, which combines intra-population analyses (Tajima's D index, nucleotide diversity, integrated haplotype score, number segregating sites length), total 36 candidate harboring 87 genes were identified positive overlapped 185 blocks encompassing 1 340 haplotypes, 30 (∼2%) found approaching fixation. The defined associated biological processes physiologies, including neurological pathways, musculoskeletal development, fertility, fat distribution, immunity, visual kidney physiology. results this study highlight opportunities for further investigations at whole-genome level enhance our understanding evolutionary pressures shaping genome.

Язык: Английский

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Dromedary camel’s welfare: literature from 1980 to 2023 with a text mining and topic analysis approach

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2023

Dromedary camels are the preferable livestock species in arid and semi-arid regions of world. Most world’s camel populations managed under a subsistence/extensive system maintained by migratory pastoralists but intensification is getting more frequent. Even though recently welfare has been receiving attention, many countries there no regulations to protect their health welfare. The objectives this article were explore main research topics related welfare, distribution over time highlight gaps. A literature search was performed identify records published English from January 1980 March 2023 on via Scopus ® , using “Camel welfare,” behaviour,” “She-camel” management” as words. total 234 retained for analysis after automatic manual screening procedures. Descriptive statistics, text mining (TM) topic (TA) performed. result shows that even fluctuations between years, have increased exponentially time. Asia region where most corresponding authors located. first five frequent words were, “milk,” “calv,” “behaviour,” “femal,” “breed,” least word “stabl.” TA resulted relevant dealing with “Calf management milk production,” system,” “Female male reproduction,” behaviour feeding,” welfare.” contained oldest “female reproduction” “camel system” (in 1983, respectively), while named feeding” had 2000. Overall, attention academia, still needed fully understand how safeguard camels.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of antioxidant vitamins (A, D, E) and trace elements (Cu, Mn, Se, Zn) administration on gene expression, metabolic, antioxidants and immunological profiles during transition period in dromedary camels

BMC Veterinary Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Abstract Background Nutrition has a primary role for optimum expression of genetic potential, and most the farmers have limited resources green fodder. Hence, fat-soluble vitamin, especially vitamin A E trace elements remained critical in animal’s ration affects their productive reproductive performance adversely. Animals cannot be able to produce these vitamins bodies; hence, an exogenous regular supply is needed fulfil physiological needs maintain high production performance. This study elucidated effects antioxidant (A, D, E) (Cu, Mn, Se, Zn) administration on gene expression, metabolic, antioxidants immunological parameters dromedary camels during transition period. Results At 0 day, there were no appreciable differences patterns metabolic ( IGF-I, ACACA, SCD, FASN, LPL , BTN1A1 ) genes between control treatment groups, despite lower levels. substantial variation mRNA levels SOD1, SOD3, PRDX2, PRDX3, PRDX4, PRDX6 AhpC/TSA was observed according markers. In comparison group, group displayed significant up-regulation at 21 days. The groups exhibited values IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 TNFα as indicated by noticeable down-regulation + But IL10 produced opposite pattern. No difference glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, total protein, NEFA, BHBA, cortisol IGF-1 group. activity serum GPx, SOD TAC significantly affected time x supplemented compared with IL-1, IL-6, TNF noticeably greater Additionally, all concentration pro-inflammatory cytokines peaked day delivery its lowest showed following calving. IL-10 level peak days prior calving day. Conclusion results demonstrated beneficial effect markers throughout

Язык: Английский

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Single domain antibody: Development and application in biotechnology and biopharma

Immunological Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2024

Summary Heavy‐chain antibodies (HCAbs) are a unique type of devoid light chains, and comprised two heavy chains‐only that recognize their cognate antigen by virtue single variable domain also referred to as VHH, antibody (sdAb), or nanobody (Nb). These functional HCAbs, serendipitous discovered about three decades ago, exclusively found in camelids, comprising dromedaries, camels, llamas, vicugnas. Nanobodies have become an essential tool biomedical research medicine, both diagnostics therapeutics due beneficial properties: small size, high stability, strong antigen‐binding affinity, low immunogenicity, production cost, straightforward engineering into more potent affinity reagents. The occurrence HCAbs camelids remains intriguing. It is believed be evolutionary adaptation, equipping with robust adaptive immune defense suitable respond the pressure from pathogenic invasion necessitating profound recognition neutralization. This innovation led simplified HCAb structure, possibly supported genetic mutations drift, allowing mutation diversification chain gene constant regions. Beyond understanding origins, application nanobodies has significantly advanced over past 30 years. Alongside expanding laboratory research, there been rapid increase patent for nanobodies. introduction commercial drugs such Cablivi, Nanozora, Envafolimab, Carvykti boosted confidence among potential. review explores history ontogeny, applications biotechnology pharmaceuticals, focusing on approved ongoing medical pipelines.

Язык: Английский

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In Silico Analysis of Temperature-Induced Structural, Stability, and Flexibility Modulations in Camel Cytochrome c

Animals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 381 - 381

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Cytochrome c is a critical protein in energy metabolism, and its structural adaptations to different temperatures play key role enabling species like the wild Bactrian camel (Camelus ferus) Arabian dromedarius) thrive their respective cold hot environments. This study investigates structural, thermodynamic, dynamic properties of cytochrome at temperatures. Thermal Titration Molecular Dynamics (TTMD) simulations, which involve analyzing behaviour across range temperatures, were carried out using GROMACS, with each simulation running for 100 nanoseconds, 245 K, 280 303 308 320 evaluate stability flexibility. Structural alterations indicated by an increase root mean square deviations (RMSDs) 0.4 nm as opposed lower RMSD values (0.1–0.2 nm) K K. Root fluctuation (RMSF) analyses revealed modest flexibility but considerable (0.3–0.4 Principal component analysis (PCA) found that formational space was constrained expanded higher Entropy peaked (13,816 J/mol) then fell substantially (451.765 J/mol), indicating diminished stability. These findings highlight Camelus ferus thermal resilience dromedarius, showing evolutionary strategies harsh conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Genomic insights into racing camels: inbreeding levels and positive selection linked to athletic traits

animal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19(4), С. 101467 - 101467

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of acute phase proteins, hormonal changes and gene expression of immunological, metabolic and reproductive markers in she camel during the transition period

Small Ruminant Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107467 - 107467

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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How Does the Camel Survive in the Desert Without Drinking?

Masterclass in neuroendocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 389 - 423

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Signatures of purifying selection and site-specific positive selection on the mitochondrial DNA of dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Mitochondrion, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 69, С. 36 - 42

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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