The
composition
of
glycerolipids
from
a
range
ocean
environments
were
analyzed
to
better
understand
the
biochemical
adaptations
and
remineralization
processes
planktonic
biomass.
Glycerolipids
compose
cell
membranes
energy
stores
microorganisms.
As
group
they
present
useful
target
for
tracking
wide
environmental
stress
responses.
In
Chapter
2
this
work,
I
employ
high
resolution
mass
spectrometry
assemble
global
dataset
lipidomes.
Using
samples
mostly
epipelagic,
find
that
water
temperature
is
major
controlling
factor
on
fatty
acid
saturation
state
hypothesize
derives
known
biophysical
constraints
membranes.
extend
analysis
further
investigate
links
between
long-chain
essential
acids
(LCEFA)
temperature.
My
shows
abundance
one
these
LCEFAs
(eicosapentaenoic
acid,
20:5
n-3)
well
correlated
with
relationship,
project
temperature-based
declines
in
its
due
climate
change
over
next
century.
3,
using
West
Antarctic
peninsula,
assess
pigments
glycerolipid
compositions
microbial
communities
within
seasonal
pack
ice
floes
gain
insights
growth
an
extremophile
environment.
caloric
content
biomass
additionally
calculated
value
higher
trophic
level
consumers
sea
ecosystem.
glycerolipids’
physical
distribution
core
be
calorically
dense
but
highly
geographically
physically
heterogenous.
show
evidence
new
biomarker
(fatty
hydroxy
triacylglycerols,
FAHFA-TAG)
which
have
not
been
detected
before
system.
evaluate
possible
sources
novel
biomarkers
ice.
Lastly,
examine
sinking
material
two
separate
studies
carbon
flux
upper
mesopelagic.
These
revealed
both
influencing
lipid
carbon.
lost
non-selectively
particles,
differing
previous
reports
selective
degradation
lipids.
However,
compositional
differences
surface-suspended
possibly
pointing
selection
mechanisms
at
conception.
use
create
source
metric
predicting
relative
amounts
derived
fecal
pellets
verse
aggregates.
findings
thesis
our
understanding
their
environment
reveal
factors
cycling
The European Physical Journal Special Topics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2024
Life
is
hypothesized
to
have
emerged
in
a
heterogenous
prebiotic
soup
that
potentially
comprised
variety
of
chemical
moieties.
One
relevant
consideration
this
scenario
dilution
pertinent
molecules,
which
would
impinge
on
the
emergence
and
functioning
self-sustaining
machinery.
Given
this,
encapsulation
molecules
within
compartment
considered
prerequisite
for
origin,
sustenance
evolution
living
systems.
This
review
discusses
two
well-studied
prebiotically
plausible
minimal
models—membrane-bound
liposomes
membraneless
liquid–liquid
phase
separated
(LLPS)
compartments.
Such
minimally
complex
compartments
can
be
used
mimic
biomimetic
properties
like
molecular
crowding,
diffusion
tunable
physical
architecture,
etc.
using
bottom-up
approach.
The
relative
ease
tunability
these
systems,
their
semblance
extant
cells,
study
vast
array
fundamental
processes
metabolism,
growth
division
them.
In
backdrop,
we
connect
role
origin
life
with
cellular
biomimetics,
synthetic
systems
biology
perspective.
More
recently,
concocting
multi-layered
hierarchical
architecture
protocells
has
been
possible
better
spatiotemporal
segregation.
overarching
thus
bridges
research
involving
soft
matter
boundary
translational
research.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(13), С. 1141 - 1141
Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024
Previous
studies
reported
that
a
mild,
non-protein-denaturing,
fever-like
temperature
increase
induced
the
unfolded
protein
response
(UPR)
in
mammalian
cells.
Our
dSTORM
super-resolution
microscopy
experiments
revealed
master
regulator
of
UPR,
IRE1
(inositol-requiring
enzyme
1)
protein,
is
clustered
as
result
UPR
activation
human
osteosarcoma
cell
line
(U2OS)
upon
mild
heat
stress.
Using
ER
thermo
yellow,
temperature-sensitive
fluorescent
probe
targeted
to
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER),
we
detected
significant
intracellular
thermogenesis
mouse
embryonic
fibroblast
(MEF)
Temperatures
reached
at
least
8
°C
higher
than
external
environment
(40
°C),
resulting
exceptionally
high
temperatures
similar
those
previously
described
for
mitochondria.
Mild
heat-induced
MEF
cells
was
likely
due
uncoupling
Ca2+/ATPase
(SERCA)
pump.
The
initiated
pronounced
cytosolic
heat-shock
cells,
which
significantly
lower
U2OS
both
and
SERCA
pump
were
absent.
results
suggest
depending
on
intrinsic
cellular
properties,
hyperthermia-induced
defines
mechanism
determines
outcome
hyperthermic
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2020
SUMMARY
Gene
disruption
has
been
dramatically
facilitated
by
genome
editing
tools.
Despite
improvements
in
gene
rates
cultured
cells,
clone
isolation
remains
routinely
performed
to
obtain
mutants,
potentially
leading
artifacts
due
clonal
variation
cellular
phenotypes.
Here
we
report
GENF,
a
highly
efficient
strategy
disrupt
genes
without
isolating
clones,
which
can
be
multiplexed.
Using
it,
obtained
reliable
lipidomics
datasets
from
mutant
cells
being
affected
variances
related
isolation.
Through
this,
found
that
an
enzyme
involved
congenital
generalized
lipodystrophy
regulates
glycerophospholipids
with
specific
acyl-chains.
We
also
demonstrate
the
possibility
dissect
complex
lipid
co-regulatory
mechanisms,
explaining
cell
adaptations
altered
metabolism.
With
its
simplicity
and
avoidance
of
cloning-related
artifacts,
GENF
is
likely
contribute
many
biology
studies,
especially
those
involving
-omics
approaches.
The
composition
of
glycerolipids
from
a
range
ocean
environments
were
analyzed
to
better
understand
the
biochemical
adaptations
and
remineralization
processes
planktonic
biomass.
Glycerolipids
compose
cell
membranes
energy
stores
microorganisms.
As
group
they
present
useful
target
for
tracking
wide
environmental
stress
responses.
In
Chapter
2
this
work,
I
employ
high
resolution
mass
spectrometry
assemble
global
dataset
lipidomes.
Using
samples
mostly
epipelagic,
find
that
water
temperature
is
major
controlling
factor
on
fatty
acid
saturation
state
hypothesize
derives
known
biophysical
constraints
membranes.
extend
analysis
further
investigate
links
between
long-chain
essential
acids
(LCEFA)
temperature.
My
shows
abundance
one
these
LCEFAs
(eicosapentaenoic
acid,
20:5
n-3)
well
correlated
with
relationship,
project
temperature-based
declines
in
its
due
climate
change
over
next
century.
3,
using
West
Antarctic
peninsula,
assess
pigments
glycerolipid
compositions
microbial
communities
within
seasonal
pack
ice
floes
gain
insights
growth
an
extremophile
environment.
caloric
content
biomass
additionally
calculated
value
higher
trophic
level
consumers
sea
ecosystem.
glycerolipids’
physical
distribution
core
be
calorically
dense
but
highly
geographically
physically
heterogenous.
show
evidence
new
biomarker
(fatty
hydroxy
triacylglycerols,
FAHFA-TAG)
which
have
not
been
detected
before
system.
evaluate
possible
sources
novel
biomarkers
ice.
Lastly,
examine
sinking
material
two
separate
studies
carbon
flux
upper
mesopelagic.
These
revealed
both
influencing
lipid
carbon.
lost
non-selectively
particles,
differing
previous
reports
selective
degradation
lipids.
However,
compositional
differences
surface-suspended
possibly
pointing
selection
mechanisms
at
conception.
use
create
source
metric
predicting
relative
amounts
derived
fecal
pellets
verse
aggregates.
findings
thesis
our
understanding
their
environment
reveal
factors
cycling
