Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
46(11), С. 12012 - 12036
Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2024
Oxytocin
(OXT)
is
a
neurohypophysial
nonapeptide
that
exerts
its
effects
mainly
through
the
oxytocin
receptor
(OXTR).
Several
studies
have
pointed
out
role
of
OXT
in
modulation
stem
cell
(SC)
fate
and
properties.
SCs
are
undifferentiated
cells
characterized
by
remarkable
ability
to
self-renew
differentiate
into
various
types
body.
In
this
review,
we
focused
on
SC
differentiation.
Specifically,
summarize
discuss
scientific
research
examining
mesodermal
SC-derived
lineages,
including
cardiac,
myogenic,
adipogenic,
osteogenic,
chondrogenic
The
available
related
differentiation
provide
little
insights
about
molecular
mechanism
mediated
OXT–OXTR
pathway.
Further
needed
fully
elucidate
these
pathways
effectively
modulate
develop
potential
therapeutic
applications
regenerative
medicine.
Frontiers in Neurology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Refractory
cancer
pain
affects
10-20%
of
patients
with
advanced
malignancies
and
is
not
adequately
controlled
by
opioids.
The
intrathecal
therapy
an
effective
interventional
procedure
for
referral,
but
the
implanted
infusion
pumps
are
costly
refilling
requires
technical
expertise.
Hypophysectomy,
in
its
three
stages-surgical,
chemical,
radiosurgical-has
emerged
as
alternative
managing
this
pain.
However,
underlying
mechanism
remains
elusive,
existing
hypotheses
unable
to
comprehensively
account
both
initial
long-term
analgesic
effects.
This
literature
review
explores
historical
evolution,
clinical
outcomes,
hypothesized
mechanisms
hypophysectomy
relief.
Surgical
initially
demonstrated
85.5%
success
rate
carried
significant
risks
like
diabetes
insipidus
hypopituitarism.
Chemical
reduced
invasiveness,
achieving
75.1%
relief
fewer
complications.
Modern
pituitary
radiosurgery
has
improved
safety
while
maintaining
high
efficacy
(initial
relief:
95.9%,
long-term:
73.5%).
remain
unclear
include
tumor
regression,
increased
β-endorphins,
neuroendocrine
modulation,
hypothalamic
involvement.
A
new
hypothesis
suggests
that
induces
hormone
redistribution
(e.g.,
oxytocin,
vasopressin)
through
hypothalamic-pituitary
contributing
immediate
analgesia.
Despite
potential,
unresolved
issues
such
optimal
radiation
dose,
assessment
standardization,
precise
limit
widespread
adoption.
underscores
need
larger,
homogenous
studies
validate
treating
refractory
These
findings
offer
a
promising
avenue
improving
palliative
care
oncology.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
47(4), С. 220 - 220
Опубликована: Март 25, 2025
Sleep
disorders
increase
the
risk
of
cardiovascular
diseases.
However,
underlying
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
This
study
aims
to
examine
critical
role
oxytocin
neurons
in
paraventricular
nucleus
(PVNOXT)
regulating
system
and
elucidate
potential
through
which
sleep
disturbance
may
contribute
In
this
study,
using
an
automated
deprivation
system,
mice
were
given
chronic
(cSD)
for
7
days,
6
h
per
day.
cSD
induced
blood
transcriptomic
alterations
accompanied
by
lower
heart
rate,
higher
pressure,
elevated
cardiac
autophagy/apoptosis.
Instant
optogenetic
activation
provoked
rate
suppression
normal
mice,
whereas
precipitated
intermittent
arrest.
On
contrary,
inhibition
PVNOXT
showed
no
influence
on
but
it
attenuated
cSD-induced
rise
pressure.
Long-term
low-frequency
stimulation
(LTF)
decreased
neuronal
excitability
release,
effectively
reversing
cSD-mediated
responses.
Mechanistically,
triggered
upregulation
blood-derived
3-mercaptopyruvate
sulfurtransferase
(mPST),
a
postsynaptic
activity
certain
extent.
The
quick
long-term
decrease
LTF
could
lead
feedback
mPST
expression
thus
reverse
Altogether,
modulation
mediate
abnormalities
without
affecting
mice.
Our
research
provided
targets
key
diseases
associated
with
disorders.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024
Abdominal
pain
presents
an
onerous
reality
for
millions
of
people
affected
by
gastrointestinal
disorders
such
as
irritable
bowel
syndrome
(IBS)
and
inflammatory
diseases
(IBD).
The
oxytocin
receptor
(OTR)
has
emerged
a
new
analgesic
drug
target
with
OTR
expression
upregulated
on
colon-innervating
nociceptors
in
chronic
visceral
hypersensitivity
states,
accessible
via
luminal
delivery.
However,
the
low
stability
OTR's
endogenous
peptide
ligand
(OT)
is
bottleneck
therapeutic
development.
Here,
we
report
development
potent
fully
gut-stable
OT
analogues,
laying
foundation
area
oral
gut-specific
therapeutics.
Ligand
optimisation
guided
structure-gut-stability-activity
relationships
yielded
highly
stable
analogues
(t
Angewandte Chemie,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024
Abstract
Chronische
Bauchschmerzen
stellen
für
Millionen
von
Menschen,
die
an
gastrointestinalen
Erkrankungen
wie
dem
Reizdarmsyndrom
und
entzündlichen
Darmerkrankungen
leiden,
eine
schwere
Belastung
dar.
Der
Oxytocin
Rezeptor
(OTR)
ist
ein
neues
therapeutisches
Wirkstoffziel
Entwicklung
Schmerzmittel:
bei
chronischer
viszeraler
Hypersensitivität
Expression
OTR
auf
vom
Lumen
aus
zugänglichen
Nozizeptoren
im
Dickdarm
erhöht,
was
gezielte
luminale
Verabreichung
Liganden
ermöglicht.
Allerdings
stellt
geringe
gastrointestinale
Stabilität
des
endogenen
Peptidliganden
(OT)
Problem
therapeutische
In
dieser
Studie,
beschreiben
wir
potenter
verdauungsstabiler
OT‐Verbindungen,
den
Grundstein
neue
Wirkstoffklasse
oralen,
darmspezifischen
Peptidtherapeutika
legen.
Die
Ligandenoptimierung,
geleitet
Struktur‐Verdauungsstabilitäts‐Aktivitäts‐Beziehungen,
ergab
stabile
Verbindungen
(t
1/2
>24
h,
Vergleich
zu
t
<10
min
OT
in
Darmflüssigkeit),
equipotent
(~3
nM)
waren
verbesserte
OTR‐Selektivität
aufwiesen.
rektale
der
besten
Leitverbindung
zeigte
konzentrationsabhängig
schmerzstillende
Effekte
einem
chronischen
Bauchschmerz
Mausmodel.
Auch
orale
signifikante
analgetische
Effekte.
entwickelten
angewandten
Strategien
könnten
Weg
Klasse
oraler,
darmspezifischer
Peptide
ebnen,
um
chronische
erforschen
bekämpfen
–
Bereich
mit
erheblichem
ungedecktem
medizinischem
Bedarf.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(20), С. 10935 - 10935
Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024
The
neuropeptide
hormone
oxytocin
(OT)
is
involved
in
various
physiological
and
pathological
processes
via
the
receptor
(OTR).
While
OT
most
widely
known
as
a
reproductive
system
nervous
neurotransmitter,
OT/OTR
has
gradually
gained
much
attention
for
its
role
gastrointestinal
(GI)
system,
such
GI
motility,
secretion,
bowel
inflammatory
reactions.
Its
importance
cancers
also
been
reported
past
few
decades.
promising
clinical
observations
have
revealed
OT's
anti-nociceptive
effect,
protective
effect
over
gut
injury,
potential
of
using
microbiota
to
naturally
increase
endogenous
levels,
which
shed
light
on
management
disorders
with
lower
side
effects.
However,
no
current
comprehensive
review
available
actions
tract.
This
aims
present
lesser-known
tract,
recent
findings
are
discussed
regarding
distribution
functional
OTR
signalling
regulating
(patho)physiological
functions
Special
emphasis
placed
therapeutic
disorders,
pain,
disease
(IBD),
irritable
syndrome
(IBS).
characterisation
OTR's
crystal
structure
advanced
research
designing
identifying
new
OTR-specific
molecules.
Future
in-depth
basic
needed
further
elucidate
involvement
detailed
mechanism
development
ligands.
