bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2022
Abstract
Microbiota
from
consumer
feces
can
impact
resource
species
in
guild-specific
ways.
We
tested
the
effect
of
fresh
and
heat-killed
corallivorous
(coral-eating)
grazer/detritivorous
fish
on
coral
health
found
that
grazer/detritivore
feces,
but
not
corallivore
affected
detrimental
ways
compared
to
suggesting
microbiota
were
harmful.
Bacterial
diversity
across
10
suggests
our
experimental
findings
are
generalizable
guild:
contained
more
coral-associated
bacteria,
lower
abundances
pathogen,
Vibrio
coralliilyticus
.
These
recontextualize
ecological
roles
consumers
reefs:
although
herbivores
support
dominance
through
removal
algal
competitors,
they
also
disperse
pathogens.
Corallivore
predation
wound
corals,
yet
their
contain
potentially
beneficial
supporting
hypothesized
role
corallivores
symbiont
dispersal.
Such
consumer-mediated
microbial
dispersal
as
demonstrated
here
has
broad
implications
for
environmental
management.
PeerJ,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11, С. e15023 - e15023
Опубликована: Май 2, 2023
Within
microeukaryotes,
genetic
variation
and
functional
sometimes
accumulate
more
quickly
than
morphological
differences.
To
understand
the
evolutionary
history
ecology
of
such
lineages,
it
is
key
to
examine
diversity
at
multiple
levels
organization.
In
dinoflagellate
family
Symbiodiniaceae,
which
can
form
endosymbioses
with
cnidarians
(
e.g
.,
corals,
octocorals,
sea
anemones,
jellyfish),
other
marine
invertebrates
e.g.
,
sponges,
molluscs,
flatworms),
protists
foraminifera),
molecular
data
have
been
used
extensively
over
past
three
decades
describe
phenotypes
make
ecological
inferences.
Despite
advances
in
Symbiodiniaceae
genomics,
a
lack
consensus
among
researchers
respect
interpreting
has
slowed
progress
field
acted
as
barrier
reconciling
observations.
Here,
we
identify
challenges
regarding
assessment
interpretation
across
levels:
species,
populations,
communities.
We
summarize
areas
agreement
highlight
techniques
approaches
that
are
broadly
accepted.
where
debate
remains,
unresolved
issues
discuss
technologies
help
fill
knowledge
gaps
related
phenotypic
diversity.
also
ways
stimulate
progress,
particular
by
fostering
inclusive
collaborative
research
community.
hope
this
perspective
will
inspire
accelerate
coral
reef
science
serving
resource
those
designing
experiments,
publishing
research,
applying
for
funding
their
symbiotic
partnerships.
The ISME Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17(11), С. 1798 - 1807
Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2023
Abstract
Microbes
can
be
an
important
source
of
phenotypic
plasticity
in
insects.
Insect
physiology,
behaviour,
and
ecology
are
influenced
by
individual
variation
the
microbial
communities
held
within
insect
gut,
reproductive
organs,
bacteriome,
other
tissues.
It
is
becoming
increasingly
clear
how
microbiome
for
fitness,
expansion
into
novel
ecological
niches,
environments.
These
investigations
have
garnered
heightened
interest
recently,
yet
a
comprehensive
understanding
intraspecific
assembly
function
these
insect-associated
shape
insects
still
lacking.
Most
research
focuses
on
core
associated
with
species
ignores
variation.
We
argue
that
among
driver
evolution,
we
provide
examples
showing
such
influence
fitness
health
insects,
invasions,
their
persistence
new
environments,
responses
to
global
environmental
changes.
Within
microeukaryotes,
genetic
and
functional
variation
sometimes
accumulate
more
quickly
than
morphological
differences.
To
understand
the
evolutionary
history
ecology
of
such
lineages,
it
is
key
to
examine
diversity
at
multiple
levels
organization.
In
dinoflagellate
family
Symbiodiniaceae,
which
can
form
endosymbioses
with
cnidarians
(e.g.,
corals,
octocorals,
sea
anemones,
jellies),
other
marine
invertebrates
sponges,
molluscs,
flatworms),
protists
foraminifera),
molecular
data
have
been
used
extensively
over
past
three
decades
describe
phenotypes
make
ecological
inferences.
Despite
advances
in
Symbiodiniaceae
genomics,
a
lack
consensus
among
researchers
respect
interpreting
has
slowed
progress
field
acted
as
barrier
reconciling
observations.
Here,
we
identify
challenges
regarding
assessment
interpretation
across
levels:
species,
populations,
communities.
We
summarize
areas
agreement
highlight
techniques
approaches
that
are
broadly
accepted.
where
debate
remains,
unresolved
issues
discuss
technologies
help
fill
knowledge
gaps
related
phenotypic
diversity.
also
ways
stimulate
progress,
particular
by
fostering
inclusive
collaborative
research
community.
hope
this
perspective
will
inspire
accelerate
coral
reef
science
serving
resource
those
designing
experiments,
publishing
research,
applying
for
funding
their
symbiotic
partnerships.
Evolution,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
77(9), С. 2000 - 2014
Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023
Abstract
The
upper
and
lower
jaws
of
some
wrasses
(Eupercaria:
Labridae)
possess
teeth
that
have
been
coalesced
into
a
strong
durable
beak
they
use
to
graze
on
hard
coral
skeletons,
hard-shelled
prey,
algae,
allowing
many
these
species
function
as
important
ecosystem
engineers
in
their
respective
marine
habitats.
While
the
ecological
impact
is
well
understood,
questions
remain
about
its
evolutionary
history
effects
this
innovation
downstream
patterns
morphological
evolution.
Here
we
analyze
3D
cranial
shape
data
phylogenetic
comparative
framework
paleoclimate
modeling
reconstruct
evolution
labrid
across
205
species.
We
find
evolved
beaks
three
times
independently,
once
within
odacines
twice
parrotfishes
Pacific
Atlantic
Oceans.
an
increase
rate
Scarus+Chlorurus+Hipposcarus
(SCH)
clade
likely
driven
by
intramandibular
joint.
Paleoclimate
shows
SCH
rapidly
morphologically
diversified
during
middle
Miocene.
hypothesize
possession
coupled
with
favorable
environmental
conditions
allowed
diversify.
Functional Ecology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
38(1), С. 259 - 271
Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2023
Abstract
Insect
herbivory
may
influence
arbuscular
mycorrhizal
(AM)
fungal
colonisation
by
changing
plant
chemistry,
and
these
effects
can
vary
from
negative
to
positive.
Yet
the
underlying
mechanisms
are
unclear.
We
investigated
AM
colonization
of
Chinese
tallow
tree
(
Triadica
sebifera
)
after
exposing
its
seedlings
four
different
foliar‐feeding
insects
at
two
levels
herbivory.
then
examined
potential
role
induced
carbon
allocation
secondary
metabolites,
particularly
flavonoids,
in
colonization.
Light
(ca.
10%
leaf
area
removed)
promoted
early
fungi
whereas
heavy
60%
decreased
it.
Root
flavonoids
were
increased
(in
short‐term)
under
light
but
Further,
herbivore‐induced
changes
root
positively
correlated
with
those
colonisation.
Moreover,
quercitrin,
one
root‐secreted
could
mediate
responses.
Surprisingly,
however,
was
not
roots
or
exudates.
show
that
responses
insect
least
partially
flavonoid‐based
depend
on
intensity.
Our
work
highlights
importance
metabolites
rather
than
interactions
between
above‐ground
below‐ground
mycorrhiza.
Read
free
Plain
Language
Summary
for
this
article
Journal
blog.
Abstract
Coral
reefs
rely
heavily
on
reef
fish
for
their
health,
yet
overfishing
has
resulted
in
decline,
leading
to
an
increase
fast-growing
algae
and
changes
ecosystems,
a
phenomenon
described
as
the
phase-shift.
A
clearer
understanding
of
intricate
interplay
between
herbivorous,
food,
gut
microbiomes
could
enhance
health.
This
study
examines
microbiome
isotopic
markers
(δ
13
C
δ
15
N)
four
key
nominally
herbivorous
species
(
Acanthurus
chirurgus
,
Kyphosus
sp.,
Scarus
trispinosus
Sparisoma
axillare
)
Southwestern
Atlantic’s
Abrolhos
Reef
systems.
Approximately
16.8
million
16S
rRNA
sequences
were
produced
species,
with
average
317,047
±
57,007
per
species.
Bacteria
such
Proteobacteria,
Firmicutes,
Cyanobacteria
prevalent
microbiomes.
These
show
unique
that
result
from
co-diversification,
diet,
restricted
movement.
Coral-associated
bacteria
Endozoicomonas
Rhizobia
Ruegeria
found
abundance
contents
parrotfish
Sc.
Sp.
.
parrotfishes
aid
coral
health
by
disseminating
beneficial
across
reef.
Meanwhile,
sp.
predominantly
had
Pirellulaceae
Rhodobacteraceae.
Four
diet
composed
turf
components
(filamentous
Cyanobacteria)
brown
Dictyopteris
).
They
also
similar
niches,
suggesting
they
shared
food
sources.
significant
difference
was
observed
signature
muscular
tissue
contents,
pointing
role
host
genetics
microbes
play
differentiating
tissues.
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
291(2034)
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
In
a
fast-changing
world,
understanding
how
organisms
adapt
to
their
environment
is
pressing
necessity.
Research
has
focused
on
genetic
adaptation,
while
our
of
non-genetic
modes
still
in
its
infancy.
The
host-associated
microbiome
can
be
considered
mode
which
strongly
influence
an
organism’s
ability
cope
with
environment.
However,
the
role
host
ecological
dynamics
largely
unexplored,
particularly
animal
communities.
Here,
we
discuss
following
hypothesis:
invasive
species
may
rapidly
local
conditions
by
adopting
beneficial
microbes
from
similar
co-occurring
native
species.
This
occurs
when
invader’s
fitness
influenced
adaptation
that
facilitated
acquired
microbiomes.
We
present
minimal
mathematical
model
explore
this
hypothesis
and
show
delayed
acquisition
explain
occurrence
invasion
lag.
Overall,
results
contribute
broadening
conceptualization
rapid
via
transfer
offer
insights
towards
designing
early
intervention
strategies
for
management.