Single-stranded
DNA
binding
proteins
(SSBs)
are
ubiquitous
across
all
domains
of
life
and
play
essential
roles
via
stabilizing
protecting
single-stranded
(ss)
as
well
organizing
multiprotein
complexes
during
replication,
recombination,
repair.
Two
mammalian
SSB
paralogs
(hSSB1
hSSB2
in
humans)
were
recently
identified
shown
to
be
involved
various
genome
maintenance
processes.
Following
our
recent
discovery
the
liquid-liquid
phase
separation
(LLPS)
propensity
Escherichia
coli
(Ec)
SSB,
here
we
show
that
also
forms
LLPS
condensates
under
physiologically
relevant
ionic
conditions.
Similar
seen
for
EcSSB,
demonstrate
contribution
hSSB2's
C-terminal
intrinsically
disordered
region
(IDR)
condensate
formation,
selective
enrichment
metabolic
condensates.
However,
contrast
EcSSB-driven
is
inhibited
by
ssDNA
binding,
requires
nucleic
acid
especially
facilitated
ssDNA.
Our
results
reveal
an
evolutionarily
conserved
role
SSB-mediated
spatiotemporal
organization
complexes.
At
same
time,
differential
features
EcSSB
point
functional
adaptations
prokaryotic
versus
eukaryotic
contexts.
Progress in Polymer Science,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
147, С. 101753 - 101753
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2023
Hydrophilic
polymers
are
a
major
class
of
in
polymer
science.
They
found
broad
range
applications
from
superabsorbers
to
drug-delivery.
In
recent
years,
plethora
impactful
developments
hydrophilic
have
been
reported.
The
present
review
gives
an
overview
over
these
with
focus
on
frequently
studied
types,
aqueous
multi-phase
systems,
block
copolymer
self-assembly
and
particles.
We
cover
fundamental
work
concepts
but
also
high
relevance
for
application.
Finally,
we
give
outlook
towards
current
challenges
future
the
field.
further
development
is
great
importance
will
significant
impact
biomedicine
every-day
life.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Ineffectiveness
of
managing
plant
viruses
by
chemicals
has
posed
serious
challenges
in
crop
production.
Recently,
phase
separation
shown
to
play
a
key
role
viral
lifecycle.
Using
inhibitors
that
can
disturb
biomolecular
condensates
formed
for
virus
control
been
reported
medical
field.
However,
the
applicability
this
promising
antiviral
tactic
protection
not
explored.
Here,
we
report
an
inhibitor,
Z9,
targets
tomato
spotted
wilt
(TSWV)
N
protein.
Z9
is
capable
interacting
with
amino
acids
nucleic
acid
binding
region
TSWV
N,
disrupting
assembly
and
RNA
into
phase-separated
condensates,
reduction
which
detrimental
stability
This
study
provides
strategy
separation-based
control.
Biomolecular
have
recognized
as
crucial
process
life
cycle.
authors
inhibitor
targeting
nucleocapsid
protein
(N)
disrupt
its
potential
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
42(1), С. 111968 - 111968
Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2022
The
leap
of
retroviruses
and
coronaviruses
from
animal
hosts
to
humans
has
led
two
ongoing
pandemics
tens
millions
deaths
worldwide.
Retrovirus
coronavirus
nucleocapsid
proteins
have
been
studied
extensively
as
potential
drug
targets
due
their
central
roles
in
virus
replication,
among
which
is
capacity
bind
respective
genomic
RNAs
for
packaging
into
nascent
virions.
This
review
focuses
on
fundamental
studies
these
how
intrinsic
abilities
condense
through
liquid-liquid
phase
separation
(LLPS)
contribute
viral
replication.
Therapeutic
targeting
condensates
methodological
advances
are
also
described
address
future
questions
contributes
Abstract
A
rapidly
evolving
understanding
of
phase
separation
in
the
biological
and
physical
sciences
has
led
to
redefining
virus-engineered
replication
compartments
many
viruses
with
RNA
genomes.
Condensation
viral,
host
genomic
subgenomic
RNAs
can
take
place
evade
innate
immunity
response
help
viral
replication.
Divergent
prompt
liquid–liquid
(LLPS)
invade
cell.
During
HIV
there
are
several
steps
involving
LLPS.
In
this
review,
we
characterize
ability
individual
partners
that
assemble
into
biomolecular
condensates
(BMCs).
Of
note,
bioinformatic
analyses
predict
models
line
published
observations.
Importantly,
BMCs
contribute
function
key
retroviral
For
example,
reverse
transcription
takes
within
nuclear
BMCs,
called
HIV-MLOs
while
during
late
steps,
nucleocapsid
acts
as
a
driver
or
scaffold
recruit
client
components
aid
assembly
progeny
virions.
Overall,
LLPS
infections
represents
newly
described
event
now
appreciated
virology
field,
also
be
considered
an
alternative
pharmacological
target
current
drug
therapies
especially
when
become
resistant
antiviral
treatment.
Cell Death and Disease,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(11)
Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023
Abstract
DNA
double-strand
breaks
(DSBs)
are
the
fatal
type
of
damage
mostly
induced
by
exposure
genome
to
ionizing
radiation
or
genotoxic
chemicals.
DSBs
mainly
repaired
homologous
recombination
(HR)
and
nonhomologous
end
joining
(NHEJ).
To
repair
DSBs,
a
large
amount
factors
was
observed
be
concentrated
at
in
specific
spatiotemporal
manner
form
center.
Recently,
this
center
characterized
as
condensate
derived
from
liquid-liquid
phase
separation
(LLPS)
key
factors.
LLPS
has
been
found
mechanism
membraneless
organelles
formation
plays
roles
variety
biological
processes.
In
review,
recent
advances
mechanisms
repair-related
condensates
summarized.
iScience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
26(4), С. 106280 - 106280
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2023
Coronavirus
porcine
epidemic
diarrhea
virus
(PEDV)
is
classified
in
the
genus
Alphacoronavirus,
family
Coronaviridae
that
encodes
only
accessory
protein,
ORF3
protein.
However,
how
contributes
to
viral
pathogenicity,
adaptability,
and
replication
obscure.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
current
knowledge
identify
gaps
many
aspects
of
protein
PEDV,
with
emphasis
on
its
unique
biological
features,
including
membrane
topology,
Golgi
retention
mechanism,
potential
intrinsic
disordered
property,
functional
motifs,
glycosylation,
codon
usage
phenotypes
related
genetic
evolution
gene
expression.
addition,
propose
intriguing
questions
hope
stimulate
further
studies
encourage
collaboration
among
virologists
worldwide
provide
constructive
about
characteristics
functions
by
which
their
role
clarifying
behavior
pathogenesis
can
be
possible.
Nucleic Acids Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2024
Abstract
HIV-1
integration
favors
nuclear
speckle
(NS)-proximal
chromatin
and
viral
infection
induces
the
formation
of
capsid-dependent
CPSF6
condensates
that
colocalize
with
speckles
(NSs).
Although
displays
liquid-liquid
phase
separation
(LLPS)
activity
in
vitro,
contributions
its
different
intrinsically
disordered
regions,
which
includes
a
central
prion-like
domain
(PrLD)
capsid
binding
FG
motif
C-terminal
mixed-charge
(MCD),
to
LLPS
remain
unclear.
Herein,
we
determined
PrLD
MCD
both
contribute
vitro.
Akin
mutant
CPSF6,
cells
expressing
MCD-deleted
uncharacteristically
arrested
at
rim.
While
heterologous
MCDs
effectively
substituted
for
function
during
infection,
Arg-Ser
domains
from
related
SR
proteins
were
largely
ineffective.
wildtype
displayed
similar
affinities,
imparted
LLPS-dependent
higher-order
co-aggregation
capsids
vitro
cellulo.
NS
depletion
reduced
puncta
without
significantly
affecting
into
NS-proximal
chromatin,
appending
onto
protein
partially
restored
virus
penetration
targeting
knockout
cells.
We
conclude
MCD-dependent
condensation
underlies
post-nuclear
incursion
DNA
pathogenesis.
Pathogens,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(2), С. 243 - 243
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023
SARS-CoV-2
has
been
a
pandemic
threat
to
human
health
and
the
worldwide
economy,
but
efficient
treatments
are
still
lacking.
Type
I
III
interferons
essential
for
controlling
viral
infection,
indicating
that
antiviral
innate
immune
signaling
is
critical
defense
against
infection.
Phase
separation,
one
of
basic
molecular
processes,
governs
multiple
cellular
activities,
such
as
cancer
progression,
microbial
transduction.
Notably,
recent
studies
suggest
phase
separation
regulates
RLR
cGAS–STING
pathways.
Moreover,
proper
proteins
replication
pathogenesis.
These
observations
indicate
checkpoint
virus
host
interaction.
In
this
study,
we
summarize
advances
concerning
regulation
infection
by
separation.
Our
review
highlights
emerging
notion
robust
modulator
