Dynamic regulation of cortical interneuron wiring

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 92, С. 102980 - 102980

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Tetherless miniaturized point detector device for monitoring cortical surface hemodynamics in mice

Journal of Biomedical Optics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(S2)

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

SignificanceSeveral miniaturized optical neuroimaging devices for preclinical studies mimicking benchtop instrumentation have been proposed in the past. However, they are generally relatively large, complex, and power-hungry, limiting their usability long-term measurements freely moving animals. Further, there is limited research development of algorithms to analyze signals.AimWe aim develop a cost-effective, easy-to-use intrinsic monitoring system (TinyIOMS) that can be reliably used record spontaneous stimulus-evoked hemodynamic changes further cluster brain states based on features.ApproachWe present design fabrication TinyIOMS (8 mm×13 mm×9 mm3, 1.2 g with battery). A standard camera-based widefield (WFIOS) validate signals. Next, continuously activity 7 h chronically implanted mice. We show up 2 days intermittent recording from an animal. An unsupervised machine learning algorithm signals.ResultsWe observed data comparable WFIOS data. Stimulus-evoked recorded using was distinguishable stimulus magnitude. Using TinyIOMS, we successfully achieved continuous its home cage placed animal housing facility, i.e., outside controlled lab environment. (k-means clustering), grouping into two clusters representing asleep awake accuracy ∼91%. The same then applied 2-day-long dataset, where similar emerged.ConclusionsTinyIOMS applications Results indicate device suitable mice during behavioral synchronized video external stimuli.

Язык: Английский

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H‐current modulation of cortical Up and Down states

The Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

Abstract Understanding the link between cellular processes and brain function remains a key challenge in neuroscience. One crucial aspect is interplay specific ion channels network dynamics. This work reveals role for h‐current, hyperpolarization‐activated cationic current, shaping cortical slow oscillations. Cortical oscillations are generated not only during wave sleep deep anaesthesia, but also association with disorders of consciousness lesions. exhibit rhythmic periods activity (Up states) alternating silent (Down states). By progressively reducing h‐current both slices computational model, we observed Up states transformed into prolonged plateaus sustained firing, while Down were significantly extended. transformation led to fivefold reduction oscillation frequency. In biophysical recurrent identified mechanisms underlying this dynamics: an increased neuronal input resistance membrane time constant, increasing responsiveness even weak inputs. A partial block therefore resulted change state. HCN (hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated) channels, which generate known targets neuromodulation, suggesting potential pathways dynamic control rhythms. image Key points We investigated emergent dynamics, specifically states, slices. Blocking lasting up 4 s. elongated oscillatory frequency decreased. model replicated these findings allowed us explore mechanisms. An increase constant rise excitability, synaptic firing rates. Our results highlight significant controlling patterns, making it relevant target neuromodulators regulating states.

Язык: Английский

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Neural models for detection and classification of brain states and transitions

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025

Exploring natural or pharmacologically induced brain dynamics, such as sleep, wakefulness, anesthesia, provides rich functional models for studying states. These allow detailed examination of unique spatiotemporal neural activity patterns that reveal function. However, assessing transitions between states remains computationally challenging. Here we introduce a pipeline to detect and their in the cerebral cortex using dual-model Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) self-supervised autoencoder-based multimodal clustering algorithm. This approach distinguishes slow oscillations, microarousals, wakefulness with high confidence. Using chronic local field potential recordings from rats, our method achieved global accuracy 91%, up 96% certain For transitions, report an average 74%. Our were trained leave-one-out methodology, allowing broad applicability across subjects pre-trained deployments. It also features confidence parameter, ensuring only highly cases are automatically classified, leaving ambiguous unsupervised classifier further expert review. presents reliable efficient tool state labeling analysis, applications basic clinical neuroscience.

Язык: Английский

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Brain dynamics and spatiotemporal trajectories during threat processing

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025

In the past decades, functional MRI research has investigated task processing in a largely static fashion based on evoked responses during blocked and event-related designs. Despite some progress naturalistic designs, our understanding of threat remains limited to those obtained with standard paradigms dynamics. present paper, we applied Switching Linear Dynamical Systems uncover dynamics continuous threat-of-shock paradigm. First, demonstrated that SLDS model learned regularities experimental paradigm, such states state transitions estimated from fMRI time series data 85 regions interest reflected proximity approach vs. retreat. After establishing captured key properties threat-related processing, characterized their transitions. Importantly, both endogenous exogenous contributions The results revealed how can be viewed terms dynamic multivariate patterns whose trajectories are combination intrinsic extrinsic factors jointly determine brain temporally evolves threat. Furthermore, developed measure region importance quantifies an individual system dynamics, which complements system-level characterization is state-space formalism. Finally, generalizability modeling approach. successful application trained one paradigm separate experiment illustrates potential this capture generalize across related but distinct threat-processing tasks. We propose viewing through lens dynamical systems offers important avenues not unveiled designs analyses.

Язык: Английский

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