Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 29, 2024
Abstract
CD11c-positive
(CD11c
+
)
microglia
have
attracted
considerable
attention
because
of
their
potential
implications
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
development,
homeostasis,
and
disease.
However,
the
spatiotemporal
dynamics
proportion
CD11c
individual
CNS
regions
are
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
investigated
six
(forebrain,
olfactory
bulb,
diencephalon/midbrain,
cerebellum,
pons/medulla,
spinal
cord)
from
developmental
to
adult
stages
by
flow
cytometry
immunohistochemical
analyses
using
a
reporter
transgenic
mouse
line,
Itgax-Venus
.
We
found
that
total
varied
between
during
postnatal
development.
Specifically,
was
high
bulb
cerebellum
at
day
P(4)
P7,
respectively,
approximately
half
were
The
declined
sharply
all
P14,
low
percentage
persisted
over
P56.
In
cord,
also
P4
but
increased
again
P21
thereafter.
Interestingly,
distribution
pattern
cord
markedly
changed
gray
matter
white
P21.
Collectively,
our
findings
reveal
differences
among
early
development
normal
mice.
These
improve
understanding
nature
microglial
heterogeneity
its
CNS.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(7), С. 487 - 487
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
Chronic
pain
is
a
widespread
global
health
problem
with
profound
socioeconomic
implications,
affecting
millions
of
people
all
ages.
Glial
cells
(GCs)
in
pathways
play
essential
roles
the
processing
signals.
Dysregulation
GC
activity
contributes
to
chronic
states,
making
them
targets
for
therapeutic
interventions.
Non-pharmacological
approaches,
such
as
exercise,
are
strongly
recommended
effective
management.
This
review
examines
link
between
regular
physical
(PA),
and
glial
cell-mediated
processing,
highlighting
its
potential
strategy
managing
pain.
Exercise
not
only
improves
overall
quality
life
but
also
influences
function
GCs.
Recent
research
highlights
ability
exercise
mitigate
neuroinflammatory
responses
modulate
GCs
by
reducing
activation
microglia
astrocytes,
well
modulating
expression
biomarkers,
thereby
attenuating
hypersensitivity.
Here,
we
summarize
new
insights
into
role
non-pharmacological
intervention
relief
Cells,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(7), С. 484 - 484
Опубликована: Март 23, 2025
Recent
studies
have
revealed
marked
sex
differences
in
pathophysiological
roles
of
spinal
microglia
neuropathic
pain,
with
contributing
to
pain
exacerbation
exclusively
males.
However,
the
characteristics
pain-enhancing
microglia,
which
are
more
prominent
males,
remain
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
reanalyzed
a
previously
published
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
dataset
and
identified
microglial
subpopulation
that
significantly
increases
dorsal
horn
(SDH)
male
mice
following
peripheral
nerve
injury.
CC-chemokine
ligand
4
(CCL4)
was
highly
expressed
this
its
mRNA
levels
were
increased
SDH
after
partial
sciatic
ligation
(PSL)
only
mice.
Notably,
CCL4
expression
reduced
depletion,
indicating
primary
source
CCL4.
Intrathecal
administration
maraviroc,
an
inhibitor
CCL4–CC-chemokine
receptor
5
(CCR5)
signaling
pathway,
PSL,
suppressed
mechanical
allodynia
Furthermore,
intrathecal
induced
both
sexes,
accompanied
by
c-fos,
neuronal
excitation
marker,
SDH.
These
findings
highlight
sex-biased
difference
gene
profile
injury,
elevated
potentially
exacerbation.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
24(16), С. 12553 - 12553
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2023
Migraine
is
a
complex
and
debilitating
neurological
disease
that
affects
15%
of
the
population
worldwide.
It
defined
by
presence
recurrent
severe
attacks
disabling
headache
accompanied
other
symptoms.
Important
advancements
have
linked
trigeminovascular
system
neuropeptide
calcitonin
gene-related
peptide
to
migraine
pathophysiology,
but
mechanisms
underlying
its
pathogenesis
chronification
remain
unknown.
Glial
cells
are
essential
for
correct
development
functioning
nervous
and,
due
implication
in
diseases,
been
hypothesised
role
migraine.
Here
we
provide
narrative
review
glia
different
phases
through
analysis
preclinical
studies.
Current
evidence
shows
astrocytes
microglia
involved
initiation
propagation
cortical
spreading
depolarization,
neurophysiological
correlate
aura.
Furthermore,
satellite
glial
within
trigeminal
ganglia
implicated
maintenance
orofacial
pain,
suggesting
phase
Moreover,
trigeminocervical
central
sensitization,
chronic
Taken
altogether,
emerged
as
key
players
future
therapeutic
strategies
could
be
focused
on
targeting
them
reduce
burden
Pain,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
165(11S), С. S58 - S67
Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2024
Abstract
Despite
hundreds
of
studies
demonstrating
the
involvement
neuron-glia-immune
interactions
in
establishment
and/or
maintenance
persistent
pain
behaviors
animals,
role
(or
even
occurrence)
so-called
“neuroinflammation”
human
has
been
an
object
contention
for
decades.
Here,
I
present
results
multiple
positron
emission
tomography
(PET)
measuring
levels
18
kDa
translocator
protein
(TSPO),
a
putative
neuroimmune
marker,
individuals
with
various
conditions.
Overall,
these
suggest
that
brain
TSPO
PET
signal:
(1)
is
elevated,
compared
to
healthy
volunteers,
chronic
low
back
(with
additional
elevations
spinal
cord
and
neuroforamina),
fibromyalgia,
migraine
other
conditions
characterized
by
pain;
(2)
spatial
distribution
exhibiting
degree
disorder
specificity;
(3)
parametrically
linked
characteristics
or
comorbid
symptoms
(eg,
nociplastic
pain,
fatigue,
depression),
as
well
measures
function
(ie,
functional
connectivity),
regionally-specific
manner.
In
this
narrative,
also
discuss
important
caveats
consider
interpretation
work
regarding
cellular
source
signal
complexities
inherent
its
acquisition
analysis).
While
biological
clinical
significance
findings
awaits
further
work,
emerging
preclinical
literature
supports
possible
pathophysiological
underpinnings
pain.
Gaining
deeper
understanding
would
likely
have
practical
implications,
possibly
paving
way
novel
interventions.
Open Life Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
19(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Abstract
Neuroinflammation
is
pivotal
in
the
development
of
neuropathic
pain
(NeP).
While
mitochondrial
deoxyribonucleic
acid
(mtDNA)
and
cyclic
GMP-AMP
synthase
(cGAS)
are
recognized
for
inducing
inflammation
various
neurological
disorders,
their
involvement
NeP
remains
ambiguous.
In
this
study,
we
examined:
(1)
changes
mtDNA
cGAS
mice
with
induced
by
chronic
constriction
injury
(CCI)
sciatic
nerve,
whether
triggers
via
signaling;
(2)
effects
RU.521,
a
antagonist,
on
CCI-induced
nociception
(allodynia
hyperalgesia)
relative
inflammatory
protein
expression;
(3)
activation
microglia
cGAS-IFN
pathway
mediated
BV2
cell;
(4)
effect
RU.521
mtDNA-induced
response
cells.
Results
revealed
reduced
levels
nerve
but
increased
spinal
cord
CCI
mice,
along
elevated
expression
factors.
alleviated
nociceptive
behaviors
possibly
normalizing
suppressing
inflammation.
Neuron-derived
provoked
cellular
upregulated
signaling
Additionally,
DNase
I
effectively
inhibited
cGAS-induced
These
findings
underscore
critical
role
accumulation
mtDNA-mediated
after
peripheral
injury.
