Contributions of repeated learning to memory in humans: insights from single-neuron recordings in the hippocampus and amygdala DOI

Xinyu Xiao,

Jin Li, Dan Cao

и другие.

Cerebral Cortex, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(6)

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

Abstract Despite the well-established phenomenon of improved memory performance through repeated learning, studies investigating associated neural mechanisms have yielded complex and sometimes contradictory findings, direct evidence from human neuronal recordings has been lacking. This study employs single-neuron with exceptional spatial–temporal resolution, combined representational similarity analysis, to explore dynamics within hippocampus amygdala during learning. Our results demonstrate that in hippocampus, repetition enhances both specificity fidelity, these features predicting learning times. Conversely, exhibits heightened fidelity initial but does not show improvement repetition, suggesting functional specialization different stages repetition. Specifically, appears contribute sustained engagement necessary for benefiting while may play a role representation novel items. These findings comprehensive understanding intricate interplay between brain regions processes. Significance statement For over century, how contributes enhancement captivated researchers, yet lacking, primary focus on neglect neighboring amygdala. Employing advanced analytical techniques, this unveils nuanced amygdala-hippocampal circuit various The highlight hippocampus’s sustaining contrasting amygdala’s superior ability representing exploration only deepens our comprehension intricacies also sheds light potential interventions optimize

Язык: Английский

The evolution of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine: from metabolic pathways to brain connectivity DOI
Shefali Gupta,

Raj K. Bhatnagar,

Dinesh Gupta

и другие.

Psychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7

Parvalbumin interneuron deficits in schizophrenia DOI Creative Commons
Oscar Marı́n

European Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 82, С. 44 - 52

Опубликована: Март 14, 2024

Parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons represent one of the most abundant subclasses cortical interneurons. Owing to their specific electrophysiological and synaptic properties, PV+ are essential for gating pacing activity excitatory neurons. In particular, critically involved in generating maintaining rhythms gamma frequency, which complex cognitive functions. Deficits have been frequently reported postmortem studies schizophrenia patients, alterations oscillations a prominent feature disease. Here, I summarise main features review clinical preclinical linking developmental dysfunction with pathophysiology schizophrenia.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13

The healthy ageing of the Ca2+ hypothesis DOI Creative Commons
Emil C. Toescu

Ageing & Longevity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 1.2025, С. 37 - 45

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025

Normal brain ageing is associated with a varying degree of cognitive impairment. One the early hypotheses proposed to explain such changes was “Ca2+ hypothesis ageing”. This review revisits this and uses Ca2+ dependency neuronal excitability as an integrator discuss age-dependent in activity various systems mechanisms that control homeostasis. Amongst these systems, special attention given mitochondrial involvement regulation Ca2+, fact functions induced during process might represent fulcrum between normal, physiological neurodegenerative processes. However, it important understand process, its effects on function, multifactorial, results from high interactions at cellular but also tissular level. Thus, homeostasis are just one element multifactorial fabric underlies ageing. Keywords: central nervous system; ageing, signalling; mitochondria; ageing; neurodegeneration

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1

Challenges and Approaches in the Study of Neural Entrainment DOI
Katharina Duecker, Keith B. Doelling, Assaf Breska

и другие.

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 44(40), С. e1234242024 - e1234242024

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024

When exposed to rhythmic stimulation, the human brain displays activity across sensory modalities and regions. Given ubiquity of this phenomenon, how rhythms are transformed into neural remains surprisingly inconclusive. An influential model posits that endogenous oscillations entrain external rhythms, thereby encoding environmental dynamics shaping perception. However, research on entrainment faces multiple challenges, from ambiguous definitions methodological difficulties when need be identified disentangled other stimulus-related mechanisms can lead similar phase-locked responses. Yet, recent years have seen novel approaches overcome these including computational modeling, insights dynamical systems theory, sophisticated stimulus designs, study neuropsychological impairments. This review outlines key challenges in research, delineates state-of-the-art approaches, integrates findings animal neurophysiology provide a broad perspective usefulness, validity, constraints oscillatory models brain-environment interaction.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

8

Reinstatement and transformation of memory traces for recognition DOI Creative Commons
Elias M. B. Rau, Marie-Christin Fellner, Rebekka Heinen

и другие.

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(8)

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Episodic memory relies on the formation and retrieval of content-specific traces. In addition to their veridical reactivation, previous studies have indicated that traces may undergo substantial transformations. However, exact time course regional distribution reinstatement transformation during recognition remained unclear. We applied representational similarity analysis human intracranial electroencephalography track spatiotemporal dynamics underlying Specifically, we examined how item-specific representations across occipital, ventral visual, lateral parietal cortices contribute successful recognition. Our findings suggest in temporal cortex coexist provide complementary strategies for Further, find generalization differentiation neural probe memory-specific correspondence with deep network (DNN) model features. results is particularly supported by generalized mnemonic formats beyond visual features a DNN.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Contribution of membrane-associated oscillators to biological timing at different timescales DOI Creative Commons
Monika Stengl, Anna C. Schneider

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Environmental rhythms such as the daily light-dark cycle selected for endogenous clocks. These clocks predict regular environmental changes and provide basis well-timed adaptive homeostasis in physiology behavior of organisms. Endogenous are oscillators that based on positive feedforward negative feedback loops. They generate stable even under constant conditions. Since weak interactions between allow autonomous synchronization, coupling/synchronization provides self-organized physiological timing. Amongst most thoroughly researched circadian clock neurons mammals insects. comprise nuclear clockworks transcriptional/translational loops (TTFL) ∼24 h gene expression entrained to day-night cycle. It is generally assumed this TTFL clockwork drives all oscillations within cells, being any rhythm Instead current gene-based hierarchical model we here a systems view We suggest coupled system posttranslational loop (PTFL) oscillators/clocks run at multiple timescales governs adaptive, dynamic behavior. focus mammalian insect timescales. neuronal plasma membrane-associated signalosomes constitute specific PTFL localized but interlinked membrane potential intracellular messengers with frequencies. In each neuron multiscale form temporally structured oscillatory network common complex frequency-band comprising superimposed oscillations. Coupling oscillator/clock next level complexity an network. This systemic molecular cellular suggested cycles through homeostatic setpoints characteristic hallmark. propose mechanisms plasticity maintain stability these setpoints, whereas Hebbian enables switching via coupling factors, like biogenic amines and/or neuropeptides. reprogram new frequency, setpoint. Our novel hypothesis up experimental challenge.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3

Solriamfetol enhances alertness and cognitive performance in mice DOI Creative Commons
Meriem Haddar, Stamatina Tzanoulinou, Li‐Yuan Chen

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Abstract Solriamfetol [(R)-2-amino-3-phenylpropylcarbamate hydrochloride], a phenylalanine derivative initially developed as potential antidepressant, was shown by our group in 2009 to have potent, dose-dependent wake-promoting activity mice. (Sunosi ® ) is used since 2019 counteract excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) patients with narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It has several advantages over other stimulants, notably that it not associated strong psychomotor activity, does induce behavioral stereotypies anxiety-related behaviors, contrast amphetamines modafinil. Its mode-of-action remains incompletely solved. reported act dual dopamine-and-noradrenaline-reuptake-inhibitor (DNRI), more recently, TAAR1 agonist activity. In early mouse study, we showed that, at 150 mg/kg, induces state of wakefulness featuring dramatic upregulation EEG gamma cognitive biomarker, the expression genes implicated neural plasticity, learning memory. Besides being prescribed treat EDS, central nervous system stimulants are commonly ‘smart drugs’ enhance cognition normal individuals. Therefore, based on Solriamfetol’s ability potently wakefulness, molecular markers memory, aimed determine whether could improve performance wild-type Because doses 50-150 induced an alert waking low mobility, thus precluding testing, lower (1-3 mg/kg) assess battery tests evaluating short- or long-term memory spatial navigation. We found compared saline, 3 mg/kg consistently improves sustained attention for novel object, well Next, brain correlates enhanced cognition, performed EEG/EMG recording while mice object recognition (NOR) task. Power spectral density (PSD) analysis revealed reduced delta (an index sleepiness) during exposure context, fast-gamma mental concentration) execution NOR Taken together, data demonstrate low-dose attentional

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Prefrontal cortex synchronization with the hippocampus and parietal cortex is strategy-dependent during spatial learning DOI Creative Commons
Francisca García, Marı́a José Torres,

Lorena Chacana-Véliz

и другие.

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

During spatial learning, subjects progressively adjust their navigation strategies as they acquire experience. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) supports this operation, for which it may integrate information from distributed networks, such the hippocampus (HPC) and posterior parietal (PPC). However, mechanism underlying coordination with HPC PPC during learning is poorly understood. Here we show that trials, mice displayed two sequential behavioral stages: searching exploration. Exclusively searching, gradually increased efficiency by transitioning non-spatial to strategies. When used specifically in stage, hippocampal oscillations synchronized gamma (60-100 Hz) neuronal firing mPFC. This coincided an increase incidence of task-stage-related changes patterns These findings relate goal-directed organization behavior transient task-related large-scale synchronization. In vivo neural activity recordings reveal coupling modulated task requirements strategy learning.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Dual transcranial electromagnetic stimulation of the precuneus-hippocampus network boosts human long-term memory DOI Open Access
Ilaria Borghi, Lucia Mencarelli, Michele Maiella

и другие.

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have the potential to improve memory functions. However, results so far been relatively modest and time-consuming. Here, we implemented a novel 3-minute combination of personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic (intermittent theta burst-iTBS) coupled with simultaneous application gamma alternating current (γtACS) over precuneus, area connected hippocampus, modulate long term in healthy subjects. Only dual electromagnetic precuneus produced consistent increase long-term associative as compared iTBS alone sham conditions sample volunteers. The effects were replicated another independent sample, which increased was retained for up one week. Moreover, oscillations precuneus-hippocampus functional connectivity through white matter tracts linking temporal lobe. These findings show that may lead neuronal assemblies state favorable enhance plasticity identify key involved formation. Personalized network represent new powerful approach enhancing functions several clinical conditions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Dual transcranial electromagnetic stimulation of the precuneus-hippocampus network boosts human long-term memory DOI Open Access
Ilaria Borghi, Lucia Mencarelli, Michele Maiella

и другие.

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have the potential to improve memory functions. However, results so far been relatively modest and time-consuming. Here, we implemented a novel 3-minute combination of personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic (intermittent theta burst-iTBS) coupled with simultaneous application gamma alternating current (γtACS) over precuneus, area connected hippocampus, modulate long term in healthy subjects. Only dual electromagnetic precuneus produced consistent increase long-term associative as compared iTBS alone sham conditions sample volunteers. The effects were replicated another independent sample, which increased was retained for up one week. Moreover, oscillations precuneus-hippocampus functional connectivity through white matter tracts linking temporal lobe. These findings show that may lead neuronal assemblies state favorable enhance plasticity identify key involved formation. Personalized network represent new powerful approach enhancing functions several clinical conditions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0