The Effects of T-2 Toxin, Deoxynivalenol, and Fumonisin B1 on Oxidative Stress-Related Genes in the Kidneys of Laying Hens

Toxins, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(3), С. 154 - 154

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

In the context of nephrotoxic risks associated with environmental contaminants, this study focused on impact mycotoxin exposure renal health laying hens, particular attention to oxidative stress pathways. Sixty hens were assigned three groups—a control group (CON), a low-dose (LOW), and high-dose (HIGH)—and monitored for 72 h. Mycotoxin contamination involved T-2/HT-2 toxin, DON/3-AcDON/15-AcDON, FB1 at their EU-recommended levels (low mix) double doses (high mix). Clinical assessments revealed no signs toxicity or notable weight changes. Analysis glutathione redox system parameters demonstrated that reduced content was lower than in controls 48 h higher Glutathione peroxidase activity increased response exposure. addition, gene expression patterns key redox-sensitive pathways, including Keap1-Nrf2-ARE AhR pathway, examined. Notably, profiles dynamic responses over time, underscoring intricate interplay redox-related mechanisms kidney. This sheds light early effects mixtures hens’ kidneys potential stress.

Язык: Английский

Strategies for Decontamination and Alleviation of Mycotoxins for Sustainable Poultry Farming – A Review

Annals of Animal Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1), С. 139 - 157

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Mycotoxins including aflatoxins (AF), zearalenone (ZEN), ochratoxin A (OTA), fumonisins (FUM), trichothecenes (TCN), deoxynivalenol (DON), and T-2 toxin had negative influences on poultry productivity causing a depression in performance, product quality, antioxidative properties, immunity, health status, economic value sustainability of production. The liver kidney are the organs most affected by dysfunction genetic damage (carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity). Chemical physical approaches, washing extracting solvents, heat inactivation, irradiation, chemical agents, used to detoxify mycotoxins feedstuff. Also, dietary addition adsorbents (zeolites, bentonites, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate, glucomannan, etc.) is strategy extensively Additionally, several feed additives, microorganisms, phytogenic natural anti-oxidants, can reduce impacts achieve promising results industry. However, efficacies these various strategies different, showing distinct variations, some limited effectiveness. Moreover, minimum time required induce complete recovery from lacking literature, as four weeks after removal, there still adverse effects performance physiological traits. This review focuses impact different for eliminating or mitigating their immunological traits means. In addition, mycotoxicosis effect molecular pathways prevention alleviation additives concerning have been evaluated.

Язык: Английский

Mycotoxins in Broiler Production: Impacts on Growth, Immunity, Vaccine Efficacy, and Food Safety

Toxins, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(6), С. 261 - 261

Опубликована: Май 22, 2025

Mycotoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that frequently contaminate poultry feed, posing significant risks to animal health, productivity, and food safety. In broiler production, mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, trichothecenes, fumonisins, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone have been shown impair growth performance, damage key organs, disrupt immune function. This review explores the multifaceted impact of mycotoxin exposure in broilers, with particular emphasis on immunosuppression, decreased vaccine efficacy, increased vulnerability infectious diseases, including coccidiosis, salmonellosis, E. coli, viral infections like bursal disease laryngotracheitis. Mycotoxin contamination feed can lead direct economic losses through reduced conversion efficiency, mortality, reproductive disorders, while also resulting transfer toxic residues into meat eggs, thereby threatening consumer health. The further examines synergistic interactions between pathogens, physiological histopathological changes exposed birds, implications for public Finally, it discusses current mitigation strategies, binders, probiotics, regulatory approaches reduce exposure. An integrated management strategy combining hygiene, monitoring, targeted nutritional interventions is essential safeguard enhance responses, ensure safety poultry-derived products. offers actionable insights veterinarians, nutritionists, policymakers, reinforcing importance strategies within a One Health framework.

Язык: Английский