Filling structure design and cooling mechanism study of the heat-not-burn cigarettes with sidewall openings

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 153, С. 107405 - 107405

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

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In vitro toxicological evaluation of glo menthol and non-menthol heated tobacco products

Toxicology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 504, С. 153801 - 153801

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are non-combustible, inhaled that generate an aerosol with fewer and lower levels of toxicants, a potential to reduce risk relative cigarette smoking. Here, we assessed in vitro toxicological effects three menthol (glo neo neoCLICK, Smooth Menthol Fresh Menthol) one non-menthol (neo Tobacco) variants glo HTP, along market comparators for cigarettes HTPs. Limited chemical characterization the study revealed significantly acetaldehyde, acrolein, crotanaldehyde formaldehyde test samples from HTPs than those cigarettes. The were non-mutagenic bacterial reverse mutagenesis assay. Although, whole exposures classified as genotoxic micronucleus assay, cytotoxic NRU (monolayer) MTT (3 dimensional EpiAirway™ tissues) assays, most toxic each these assessments. Further, elicited oxidative stress responses only at highest dose tested, whereas potent inducers substantially doses EpiAirway tissues. comparator (non-glo) HTP results similar assays. Thus, exhibit toxicity compared

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Heating Conventional Cigarettes with a Novel Device on Health-related Biomarkers and Cigarette Use Patterns among Chinese Adult Smokers Unwilling to Quit: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024

We evaluated the impact of heating conventional cigarettes with a novel heated tobacco product (HTP) device on biomarkers and cigarette use patterns in Chinese adult smokers unwilling to quit smoking.

Язык: Английский

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A Scoping Review of Behavioural Studies on Heated Tobacco Products

Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are electronic devices that heat sticks to temperatures much lower than those which cause pyrolysis and combustion in cigarettes. While this electrical heating causes the formation of an inhalable aerosol contains nicotine, from HTPs significantly fewer levels harmful potentially chemicals found cigarette smoke. As a result, HTP use conveys reduced risks health compared smoking. relative reduction individual risk is becoming clearer, what less certain impact on overall population‑level health, taking into account both potential positive adult smokers who completely switch using any unintended impacts such as by non‑users particularly youth. The aim scoping review was collate evaluate published scientific evidence date, with cut‑off 1 January 2024, investigating health. This evaluation suggests almost exclusively observed among history smoking, there growing body for ability provide support transition away absence significant "gateway" initiation. Many studies have reported degree dual cigarettes HTPs, efforts assess reasons patterns use, whether these exposure reductions, acts bridge towards complete requires further investigation. In addition, correction widespread increasing misperceptions recommended promote uptake alternative smoking population.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of environmental emissions from glo heated tobacco products and combustible Cigarettes

Environmental Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17, С. 100580 - 100580

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by the cigarette smoke extract (CSE) of heated tobacco products in vascular smooth muscle cells: A comparative study of the cytotoxic effects of CSE and the ferroptosis inducer, erastin

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 154(2), С. 86 - 96

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2023

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are marketed worldwide as less harmful alternatives to combustible cigarettes; however, their cytotoxic mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle cells poorly understood. Ferroptosis is defined iron-dependent cell death caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. In this study, effects nicotine- and tar-free cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) derived from three types HTPs ferroptosis inducer, erastin, on A7r5 were compared. Cigarette all was generated according following puffing regime: 55 mL, puff volume; 30 s, interval; 2 duration; bell-shaped, profile; no blocking ventilation holes. Erastin CSE decreased mitochondrial metabolic activity increased lactate dehydrogenase leakage. The erastin almost completely inhibited radical-trapping antioxidant, UAMC-3203; iron chelator, deferoxamine mesylate (DFO); 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) inhibitor, baicalein; selective 15-LOX ML351. contrast, CSE-induced damage partially attenuated UAMC-3203, baicalein, ML351 but not DFO. These results suggest that induces via 15-LOX-mediated peroxidation, whereas causes iron-independent peroxidation-dependent -independent mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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RNA sequencing analysis of early-stage atherosclerosis in vascular-on-a-chip and its application for comparing combustible cigarettes with heated tobacco products

Current Research in Toxicology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6, С. 100163 - 100163

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Our previous study showed promising results in replicating early-stage atherosclerosis when vascular endothelial cells (VECs) were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract via M0 macrophages. We used an organ-on-a-chip system as alternative animal testing model atherosclerosis, which is a complex disease involving and immune cell communications. By incorporating macrophages into the vascular-on-a-chip system, we aimed mimic indirect effects of inhalable substances, such CS, on VECs. In current study, further examined suitability our

Язык: Английский

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Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity evaluation of a heat-not-burn product

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 897, С. 503784 - 503784

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Comparative Analysis of Particulate Content in Cigarette Smoke: Implications for Respiratory Health of Active and Passive Smokers

East African Journal of Health and Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1), С. 268 - 275

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2024

Cigarette smoke is a heterogeneous mixture of gases, uncondensed vapours and liquid particulate matter with millions particles per cubic centimetre. smoking can negatively impact the health smokers non-smokers. As such, there need to constantly assess quantity toxic substances emanating from cigarettes. This study investigated total amount particulates which non-smokers are exposed identified chemical compositions in cigarette some selected brands obtained Nagongera town council shops Uganda. To achieve this, we made use an apparatus that mimics process human being passive smoker by connecting this set another set-up containing be burnt. Qualitative tests for composition were conducted using conventional organic functional groups. It was found Sportsman locally cured tobacco had highest content (116 mg 73 mg) while Supermatch Safari lowest 45.5 40.3 mg, respectively. The cigarettes composed following groups: aromatics, phenolics, nitrosamines alkaloids. However, aldehyde ketonic groups not identified. results either mainstream or side stream causing disease respiratory system like lung cancer, emphysema cancers mouth cavity oesophagus. confirmed brand smoked could determine might functionalities and/or vary amongst Ugandan

Язык: Английский

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Applying new approach methodologies to assess next-generation tobacco and nicotine products

Frontiers in Toxicology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024

In vitro toxicology research has accelerated with the use of in silico , computational approaches and human tissue systems, facilitating major improvements evaluating safety health risks novel consumer products. Innovation molecular cellular biology shifted testing paradigms, less reliance on low-throughput animal data greater medium- high-throughput screening approaches. These new approach methodologies (NAMs) are being implemented other industry sectors for chemical testing, candidate drugs prototype products, driven by need reliable, human-relevant Routine toxicological methods largely unchanged since development over 50 years ago, using high-doses often employing vivo testing. Several disadvantages encountered conducting or extrapolating from studies due to differences metabolism exposure. The last decade saw considerable advancement tools capabilities, challenges next will be integrating these platforms into applied product acceptance regulatory bodies. Governmental validation agencies have launched frameworks “roadmaps” support agile NAMs. Next-generation tobacco nicotine products (NGPs) potential offer reduced smokers compared cigarettes. include heated (HTPs) that heat but do not burn tobacco; vapor also termed electronic delivery systems (ENDS), an e-liquid produce inhalable aerosol; oral smokeless (e.g., Swedish-style snus) tobacco-free pouches. With increased availability NGPs requirement scientific approval, NAMs can supplement assessment NGPs. This review explores how assess NGPs, highlighting key considerations, including appropriate model deploying hazard identification, importance test article characterization. opportunity fit-for-purpose method standardization discussed, value cross-industry collaborations. Supporting accepted bodies could lead implementation NGP

Язык: Английский

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