Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 332, С. 104385 - 104385
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024
Язык: Английский
Frontiers in Toxicology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024
In vitro toxicology research has accelerated with the use of in silico , computational approaches and human tissue systems, facilitating major improvements evaluating safety health risks novel consumer products. Innovation molecular cellular biology shifted testing paradigms, less reliance on low-throughput animal data greater medium- high-throughput screening approaches. These new approach methodologies (NAMs) are being implemented other industry sectors for chemical testing, candidate drugs prototype products, driven by need reliable, human-relevant Routine toxicological methods largely unchanged since development over 50 years ago, using high-doses often employing vivo testing. Several disadvantages encountered conducting or extrapolating from studies due to differences metabolism exposure. The last decade saw considerable advancement tools capabilities, challenges next will be integrating these platforms into applied product acceptance regulatory bodies. Governmental validation agencies have launched frameworks “roadmaps” support agile NAMs. Next-generation tobacco nicotine products (NGPs) potential offer reduced smokers compared cigarettes. include heated (HTPs) that heat but do not burn tobacco; vapor also termed electronic delivery systems (ENDS), an e-liquid produce inhalable aerosol; oral smokeless (e.g., Swedish-style snus) tobacco-free pouches. With increased availability NGPs requirement scientific approval, NAMs can supplement assessment NGPs. This review explores how assess NGPs, highlighting key considerations, including appropriate model deploying hazard identification, importance test article characterization. opportunity fit-for-purpose method standardization discussed, value cross-industry collaborations. Supporting accepted bodies could lead implementation NGP
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33(4), С. 189 - 216
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024
Summary The objective of this study was to create a North American e-cigarette, or electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), market map representative the 2020 and 2021 commercial for analysis harmful potentially constituents (HPHCs) other chemicals in aerosol. consisted 14 brands (seven closed pod-based, four open (refillable) two cigalike, one disposable) analyzed multiple e-liquid formulations per brand with varying labelled concentrations flavors, equating 35 unique tested ENDS. Aerosol generated using puffing regimes (ISO 27068 intense) primary constituents, metals, carbonyls, glycidol head-to-head comparison same testing laboratory. Nicotine yields puff ranged from 0.045 mg/puff lowest yielding ENDS under ISO regime 1.11 highest intense conditions. For all quantifiable amounts acetaldehyde, acrolein, formaldehyde collected aerosol, irrespective regime, an increase observed compared majority aerosol yielded nickel (Ni) ranging below limits detection (BLOD) >30 ng/puff, while levels chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) were only associated select All contained 0.003 >1.00 µg/puff 20768 0.005 1.10 regimes. As category, showed significantly reduced HPHCs 1R6F combustible cigarette (CC) smoke on basis. However, there variability among some products produced increased specific (e.g., nickel) CC smoke. HPHC variations appear be primarily dependent device design. In summary, work is most comprehensive analyses validated analytical methods test facility comparison.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Toxicology in Vitro, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 104, С. 105995 - 105995
Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 332, С. 104385 - 104385
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0