Priming crops for the future: rewiring stress memory

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27(7), С. 699 - 716

Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2021

The agricultural sector must produce resilient and climate-smart crops to meet the increasing needs of global food production. Recent advancements in elucidating mechanistic basis plant stress memory have provided new opportunities for crop improvement. Stress memory-coordinated changes at organismal, cellular, various omics levels prepare plants be more responsive reoccurring within or across generation(s). exposure a primary stress, priming, can also elicit beneficial impact when encountering secondary abiotic biotic through convergence synergistic signalling pathways, referred as cross-stress tolerance. 'Rewired plants' with provide means stimulate adaptable responses, safeguard reproduction, engineer future.

Язык: Английский

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Genomics for monitoring and understanding species responses to global climate change

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(3), С. 165 - 183

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023

All life forms across the globe are experiencing drastic changes in environmental conditions as a result of global climate change. These happening rapidly, incur substantial socioeconomic costs, pose threats to biodiversity and diminish species' potential adapt future environments. Understanding monitoring how organisms respond human-driven change is therefore major priority for conservation rapidly changing environment. Recent developments genomic, transcriptomic epigenomic technologies enabling unprecedented insights into evolutionary processes molecular bases adaptation. This Review summarizes methods that apply integrate omics tools experimentally investigate, monitor predict species communities wild cope with change, which by genetically adapting new conditions, through range shifts or phenotypic plasticity. We identify advantages limitations each method discuss research avenues would improve our understanding responses highlighting need holistic, multi-omics approaches ecosystem during Species can shifting their these responses.

Язык: Английский

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Drought-exposure history increases complementarity between plant species in response to a subsequent drought

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2022

Abstract Growing threats from extreme climatic events and biodiversity loss have raised concerns about their interactive consequences for ecosystem functioning. Evidence suggests can buffer functioning during such events. However, whether exposure to will strengthen the biodiversity-dependent buffering effects future generations remains elusive. We assess transgenerational by exposing experimental grassland communities eight recurrent summer droughts versus ambient conditions in field. Seed offspring of 12 species are then subjected a subsequent drought event glasshouse, grown individually, monocultures or 2-species mixtures. Comparing productivity between mixtures monocultures, drought-selected plants show greater between-species complementarity than ambient-selected when recovering drought, causing stronger on better recovery after drought. These findings suggest improve responses through reinforcement complementarity.

Язык: Английский

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Maternal effects in the model system Daphnia: the ecological past meets the epigenetic future

Heredity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Abstract Maternal effects have been shown to play influential roles in many evolutionary and ecological processes. However, understanding how environmental stimuli induce within-generation responses that transverse across generations remains elusive, particularly when attempting segregate confounding from offspring genotypes. This review synthesizes literature regarding resource- predation-driven maternal the model system Daphnia , detailing generation responds seen generation(s). Our goal is demonstrate value of as a by showing general principles emerge studies on this system. By integrating results different types biotic drivers effects, we identified broadly applicable shared characteristics: 1. Many, but not all, involve size, influencing resistance starvation, infection, predation, toxins. 2. manifest more strongly offspring’s environment poor. 3. Strong are typically associated with strong across-generation responses. 4. The timing stress matters can raise or lower magnitude effect phenotype. 5. Embryonic exposure could be mistaken for effects. We outline questions prioritize future research discuss possibilities integration ecologically relevant natural populations molecular mechanisms make them possible, specifically addressing genetic variation incorporating information epigenetics. These small crustaceans unravel why non-genetic gets passed generations.

Язык: Английский

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DNA Methylation Can Mediate Local Adaptation and Response to Climate Change in the Clonal Plant Fragaria vesca: Evidence From a European-Scale Reciprocal Transplant Experiment

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2022

The ongoing climate crisis represents a growing threat for plants and other organisms. However, how if will be able to adapt future environmental conditions is still debated. One of the most powerful mechanisms allowing tackle changing phenotypic plasticity, which can regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. Environmentally induced variation mediating plasticity might heritable across (a)sexual generations, thus potentially enabling rapid adaptation change. Here, we assessed whether mechanisms, DNA methylation in particular, enable local response increased and/or decreased temperature natural populations clonal plant, Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry). We collected ramets from three along gradient each countries covering southern (Italy), central (Czechia), northern (Norway) edges native European range F. vesca. After propagation alteration status half via 5-azacytidine, reciprocally transplanted clones their home locality two climatically distinct localities within country origin. At end season, recorded survival aboveground biomass as fitness estimates. found evidence intermediate cold Italy maladaptation warmest all countries. Plants treated with 5-azacytidine showed either better or worse performance than untreated plants. Application also affected plant changed climatic when colder warmer was origin, was, however, country-specific. conclude that increasing probably limiting factor determining distribution. may contribute change ecosystems; its role depend on specific conditions. Since mediated occur faster selection genetic variants, some degree help keeping up crisis.

Язык: Английский

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The sugar kelp Saccharina latissima I: recent advances in a changing climate

Annals of Botany, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 133(1), С. 183 - 212

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2023

Abstract Background The sugar kelp Saccharina latissima is a Laminariales species widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Its physiology and ecology have been studied since 1960s, given its ecological relevance on western temperate coasts. However, research interest has rising recently, driven mainly by reports of negative impacts anthropogenically induced environmental change increased commercial cultivating species, with several industrial applications for resulting biomass. Scope We used variety sources published between 2009 to May 2023 (but including some earlier literature where required), provide comprehensive review ecology, physiology, biochemical molecular biology S. latissima. In so doing we aimed better understand species’ response stressors natural communities, but also inform sustainable cultivation species. Conclusion Due wide distribution, developed physiological mechanisms adjust changes, adjustments photosynthetic parameters, modulation osmolytes antioxidants, reprogramming gene expression epigenetic modifications, among others summarized this review. This particularly important because massive changes abundance distribution already observed. Namely, presence significantly decreased at rear edges both sides Atlantic, polar regions. These were caused climate will therefore be increasingly evident future. Recent developments genomics, transcriptomics epigenomics clarified existence genetic differentiation along distributional range implications fitness locations. complex biotic abiotic interactions unraveled here demonstrated cascading effects disappearance forest can marine ecosystem. show how an excellent model study acclimation adaptation variability predict future persistence under change.

Язык: Английский

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The genomic secrets of invasive plants

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Summary Genomics has revolutionised the study of invasive species, allowing evolutionary biologists to dissect mechanisms invasion in unprecedented detail. Botanical research played an important role these advances, driving much what we currently know about key determinants success (e.g. hybridisation, whole‐genome duplication). Despite this, a comprehensive review plant genomics been lacking. Here, aim address this gap, highlighting recent discoveries that have helped progress field. For example, by leveraging natural and experimental populations, botanical confirmed importance large‐effect standing variation during adaptation species. Further, genomic investigations plants are increasingly revealing large structural variants, as well genetic changes induced duplication such redundancy or breakdown dosage‐sensitive reproductive barriers, can play adaptive evolution invaders. However, numerous questions remain, including when chromosomal inversions might help hinder invasions, whether gene reuse is common epigenetically mutations underpin plasticity populations. We conclude other outstanding studies poised answer.

Язык: Английский

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Epigenetic variation in light of population genetic practice

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2025

The evolutionary impact of epigenetic variation depends on its transgenerational stability and source - whether genetically determined, environmentally induced, or due to spontaneous, genotype-independent mutations. Here, we evaluate current approaches for investigating an independent role epigenetics in evolution, pinpointing methodological challenges. We further identify opportunities arising from integrating data with population genetic analyses natural populations. Efforts advance quality, study design, statistical treatment are encouraged consolidate our understanding the heritable variation, quantify autonomous potential enrich additional layer information.

Язык: Английский

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Environmentally induced DNA methylation is inherited across generations in an aquatic keystone species

iScience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(5), С. 104303 - 104303

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2022

Transgenerational inheritance of environmentally induced epigenetic marks can have significant impacts on eco-evolutionary dynamics, but the phenomenon remains controversial in ecological model systems. We used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing individual water fleas (

Язык: Английский

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Thermal regime during parental sexual maturation, but not during offspring rearing, modulates DNA methylation in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis)

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 289(1974)

Опубликована: Май 4, 2022

Epigenetic inheritance can result in plastic responses to changing environments being faithfully transmitted offspring. However, it remains unclear how epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation contribute multigenerational acclimation and adaptation environmental stressors. Brook charr ( Salvelinus fontinalis ), an economically important salmonid, is highly sensitive thermal stress of conservation concern the context climate change. We studied effects temperature during parental sexual maturation offspring rearing on whole-genome brook juveniles (fry). Parents were split between warm cold temperatures maturation, mated controlled breeding designs, then from each family (8°C) (5°C) environments. Using bisulfite sequencing, we found 188 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) due after controlling for structure. By contrast, had a negligible effect methylation. Stable intergenerational minimal plasticity progeny could transmission acclimatory states offspring, priming them warming environment. Our findings have implications pertaining role response ongoing

Язык: Английский

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