Longitudinal analysis of antibody titers after primary and booster mRNA COVID-19 vaccination can identify individuals at risk for breakthrough infection

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract A key issue in the post-COVID-19 era is ongoing administration of COVID-19 vaccines. Repeated vaccination essential for preparing against currently circulating and newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants while enabling people to continue with daily life. Optimizing strategies crucial efficiently manage medical resources establish an effective framework. Therefore, it important quantitatively understand vaccine-induced immunity dynamics be able identify poor responders lower sustained antibody titers as potential priorities revaccination. We investigated longitudinal titer data a cohort 2,526 Fukushima, Japan, from April 2021 November 2022 whom basic demographic health information was available. Using mathematical modeling machine learning, we stratified time-course patterns after 2 primary doses 1 booster dose mRNA identified 3 notable populations, which refer durable, vulnerable, rapid-decliner approximately half remained same population dose. Notably, experienced earlier infections than others. Furthermore, when comparing IgG(S) titers, IgA(S) T-spot counts between participants who breakthrough those did not, found that were significantly infected during early stage vaccination. Our computational approach adaptable various types vaccinations. This flexibility can inform policy decisions on vaccine distribution enhance both future pandemics era.

Язык: Английский

Long-Term Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Wild Type and Omicron XBB 1.5 in Indonesian Residents after Vaccination and Infection

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2024

In the post-pandemic era, evaluating long-term immunity against COVID-19 has become increasingly critical, particularly in light of continuous SARS-CoV-2 mutations. This study aimed to assess immunogenicity by analyzing booster shots’ impact and sera infection history collected Makassar, Indonesia. We measured anti-RBD IgG levels neutralization capacity (NC) both wild-type (WT) Wuhan-Hu Omicron XBB 1.5 variants across groups vaccinated individuals with no (NB), single (SB), double (DB). The mean durations since last vaccination were 25.11 months, 19.24 16.9 months for NB, SB, DB group, respectively. Additionally, we evaluated effect breakthrough (BTI) history, a duration confirmed 21.72 months. Our findings indicate fair WT antibody (Ab) titers, group showing significantly higher level than other groups. Similarly, demonstrated anti-Omicron 1.Ab titer, which was insignificantly different from Although anti-WT Ab moderate, observed near-complete (96-97%) pseudo-virus all There slight decrease NC compared among groups; SB NB showed 80.71±3.9%, 74.29±6.7%, 67.2±6.3% activity, Breakdown analysis based on vaccine status that shots increase 1.5. Individuals BTI demonstrate better their counterpart uninfected same number shots. suggest persists is effective mutant variant. Booster enhance especially .

Язык: Английский

Long-Term Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron XBB.1.5 in Indonesian Residents after Vaccination and Infection

Antibodies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 72 - 72

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

In the post-pandemic era, evaluating long-term immunity against COVID-19 has become increasingly critical, particularly in light of continuous SARS-CoV-2 mutations. This study aimed to assess humoral immune response sera collected Makassar. We measured anti-RBD IgG levels and neutralization capacity (NC) both Wild-Type (WT) Wuhan-Hu Omicron XBB.1.5 variants across groups COVID-19-vaccinated individuals with no booster (NB), single (SB), double (DB). The mean durations since last vaccination were 25.11 months, 19.24 16.9 months for NB, SB, DB group, respectively. Additionally, we evaluated effect breakthrough infection (BTI) history, a duration confirmed 21.72 months. Our findings indicate fair WT antibody (Ab) titers, group showing significantly higher level than other groups. Similarly, demonstrated highest anti-Omicron Ab titer, yet it was insignificantly different from Although anti-WT titers moderate, observed near-complete (96-97%) pseudo-virus all There slight decrease NC compared among groups, as SB NB showed 80.71 ± 3.9%, 74.29 6.7%, 67.2 6.3% activity, A breakdown analysis based on vaccine status that doses increase XBB.1.5, without BTI. Individuals BTI demonstrate better their counterpart uninfected same number doses. suggest persists is effective mutant variant. Booster enhance NC, especially individuals.

Язык: Английский