Agricultural
activities
in
the
Global
South
contribute
significantly
to
both
point
source
pollutants
and
non-point
(NPS)
pollutants,
which
have
profound
implications
for
environmental
quality
human
health.
This
chapter
examines
these
pollutants'
sources,
characteristics,
impacts,
highlighting
key
challenges
potential
mitigation
strategies.
Point
often
originating
from
concentrated
animal
feeding
operations,
include
nutrient-rich
runoff
pathogens
that
can
contaminate
water
bodies,
leading
eutrophication
waterborne
diseases.
Non-point
primarily
associated
with
pesticide
fertiliser
use,
result
soil
contamination,
threatening
ecosystems
groundwater
resources.
The
faces
unique
managing
due
limited
resources,
knowledge
gaps,
competing
socio-economic
priorities.
However,
adopting
sustainable
agricultural
practices,
enhancing
regulatory
frameworks,
promoting
farmer
education
awareness
help
mitigate
adverse
effects
of
South,
safeguarding
environment
public
Collaborative
efforts
among
governments,
non-governmental
organisations
(NGOs),
international
agencies
are
essential
address
complex
issues
effectively.
Land,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(3), С. 390 - 390
Опубликована: Март 19, 2024
Sustainable
Development
Goals
(SDGs)
serve
as
a
reference
point
in
the
global
policy-making
process,
with
their
quantitative
evaluation
at
various
scales
integrating
spatial
planning
still
under
exploration.
Major
Function
Oriented
Zone
(MFOZ)
China
emerges
an
innovative
strategy,
focusing
on
ecosystem
services
to
achieve
sustainable
development.
This
study
takes
MFOZ
example,
and
assesses
SDG
implementation
within
framework,
288
cities.
Then,
this
analyzes
zoning
types
of
realization
status
through
cluster
analysis.
Based
this,
we
explore
influencing
factors
SDGs
from
perspective
socioeconomic
environmental
characteristics,
services,
propose
target
strategies.
The
research
found
that
there
are
four
according
status,
including
mixed-oriented
high
consumption
output
(24.3%),
non-agriculture-oriented
low
(12.5%),
agriculture-oriented
(55.9%),
(7.3%)
Most
cities
do
not
demonstrate
efficiency
resource
output,
urgently
needs
improve.
Socio-economic
development
during
urbanization
challenges
SDGs,
while
traditional
measures
have
limited
effects.
Ecosystem
could
help
improve
GDP
growth
rate,
reduce
water
intensity
carbon
emissions.
Focusing
solely
numerical
values
such
efficiency,
may
harm
go
against
underscores
necessity
adapting
strategies
unique
contexts
has
practical
significance
for
enabling
more
targeted
effective
implementation,
planning,
aligning
local
efforts
sustainability
aspirations.
Chemosphere,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
364, С. 143055 - 143055
Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024
The
presence
of
pharmaceutical
pollutants
in
water
sources
has
become
a
growing
concern
due
to
its
potential
impacts
on
human
health
and
other
organisms.
physicochemical
properties
pharmaceuticals
based
their
intended
therapeutical
application,
which
include
antibiotics,
hormones,
analgesics,
antidepressants,
is
quite
diverse.
Their
wastewater,
sewerage
water,
surface
ground
even
drinking
reported
by
many
researchers
throughout
the
world.
Human
exposure
these
through
or
consumption
aquatic
terrestrial
organisms
raised
concerns
about
adverse
effects,
such
as
endocrine
disruption,
antibiotic
resistance,
developmental
abnormalities.
Once
environment,
they
can
persist,
undergo
transformation,
degrade,
leading
complex
mixture
contaminants.
Application
treated
compost,
manures
biosolids
agricultural
fields
introduce
environment.
As
are
diverse
nature,
significant
differences
observed
during
uptake
accumulation
plants.
While
there
have
been
extensive
studies
ecosystems,
effect
land
more
disparate.
now,
few
reports
available
plant
transportation
within
between
organs.
This
review
summarizes
occurrence
bodies
at
range
concentrations
uptake,
accumulation,
transport
tissues.
Research
gaps
pollutants'
specific
growth
future
research
scopes
highlighted.
factors
affecting
including
hydrophobicity,
ionization,
(pKa,
logK
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
87(19), С. 773 - 791
Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024
The
application
of
biosolids,
manure,
and
slurry
onto
agricultural
soils
the
growing
use
treated
wastewater
in
agriculture
result
introduction
human
veterinary
pharmaceuticals
to
environment.
Once
soil
environment,
may
be
taken
up
by
crops,
resulting
consequent
exposure
pharmaceutical
residues.
potential
side
effects
administered
medicine
are
widely
documented;
however,
far
less
is
known
regarding
risks
that
arise
from
incidental
dietary
exposure.
aim
this
study
was
evaluate
residues
crops
assess
associated
risk
health
for
a
range
frequently
detected
soils.
Estimated
concentrations
carbamazepine,
oxytetracycline,
sulfamethoxazole,
trimethoprim,
tetracycline
were
used
conjunction
with
plant
uptake
crop
consumption
data
estimate
daily
exposures
each
compound.
Exposure
compared
Acceptable
Daily
Intakes
(ADIs)
determine
level
risk.
Generally,
lower
than
ADIs.
exceptions
trimethoprim
sulfamethoxazole
under
conservative,
worst-case
scenarios,
where
predicted.
Future
research
therefore
needs
prioritize
investigation
into
following
these
compounds
contaminated
crops.
The
reuse
of
wastewater
to
meet
irrigation
requirements
and
slurries,
sludges
manures
as
fertilisers
crop
nutrient
demands
inadvertently
introduces
human
veterinary-use
pharmaceuticals
into
the
agro-ecosystem.
This
review
synthesises
recent
research,
which
has
observed
sub-lethal
effects,
following
pharmaceutical
uptake
by
plants.
Potential
links
between
mode
action
effects
in
plant
were
then
examined.
Common
receptors
biological
pathways
across
species
suggests
a
clear
need
integrate
cellular
biology
our
understanding
impacts
on
important
functions
processes.
To
help
prioritise
future
research
efforts
an
analysis
shared
mammalian
biochemical
was
undertaken
identify
classes
may
present
greater
risk
key
functions.
These
included
sulfonylurea
antihyperglycemics,
steroids,
opiods,
antipsychotic
phenothiazines
targeting
several
neurotransmitters
mammals
plants
(including
beta-blockers,
antihistamines
benzodiazepines).
Whilst
number
induced
have
been
observed,
this
highlights
study
wider
range
broader
species,
including
cover
crops
wild
plants,
under
realistic
exposure
scenarios,
fully
understand
implications
agro-ecosystems.
State-of-the
art
omics-techniques
offer
great
potential
elucidate
intended
effects.
In
addition,
studies
co-stress
from
other
stressors
such
increased
temperatures,
drought
or
pests
are
lacking
urgent
face
feeding
growing
population
threats
climate
change.
Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(7), С. 3120 - 3120
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
The
bioaccumulation
of
heavy
metals,
such
as
Cr,
Cd,
Pb,
and
As,
in
vegetables
irrigated
with
contaminated
water
represents
a
risk
to
human
health.
objective
this
study
was
evaluate
the
Cr
concentration
chayote
fruits
sites
from
Lake
Chapala
assess
potential
health
using
estimated
daily
intake
(EDI),
quotient
(THQ),
carcinogenic
(TCR).
In
parallel,
interviews
were
conducted
local
producers
understand
their
perceptions
quality
irrigation
willingness
adopt
more
sustainable
agricultural
practices.
two
seasons,
concentrations
exceeded
FAO-WHO
limit
2.3
mg·kg−1
(from
2.49
4.82
mg·kg−1).
all,
90%
used
irrigate
crops,
although
most
did
not
perform
analyses,
despite
32%
being
aware
that
contaminated.
results
highlight
need
implement
strategies
increase
awareness
water,
well
for
comprehensive
public
policies
combine
technical
assessments
producer
reduce
risks
associated
use
promote
production.
