An X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Investigation into the Fundamental Structure of Liquid Metal Alloys DOI Creative Commons

Jaydon Meilak,

Karma Zuraiqi, Valerie D. Mitchell

и другие.

Small Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(11)

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024

Gallium and gallium alloys have gained significant interest due to gallium's low melting point. This property allows for gallium-based catalysts take advantage of the unique reaction environments only available in liquid state. While understanding catalytic properties metals is emerging, a comprehensive investigation into fundamental structures these materials has yet be undertaken. Herein, structure gallium, along with related EGaIn, EGaSn, Galinstan are explored using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). In contrast some other studies that show dimers, analysis XAS data both near edge extended fine shows when fully dissolved largely homogenous no obvious signs local structures. Ga bond contraction melted which consistent its increase density; however, an expansion length observed alloyed Sn. indicate effective nuclear charge (Z eff) Sn follows trend expected based on electronegativity. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations performed simulate trends between MD XAS; agree well but overestimates lengths.

Язык: Английский

Spontaneous Liquefaction of Solid Metal–Liquid Metal Interfaces in Colloidal Binary Alloys DOI Creative Commons
Caiden J. Parker, Karma Zuraiqi, Vaishnavi Krishnamurthi

и другие.

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(26)

Опубликована: Май 5, 2024

Abstract Crystallization of alloys from a molten state is fundamental process underpinning metallurgy. Here the direct imaging an intermetallic precipitation reaction at equilibrium in liquid‐metal environment demonstrated. It shown that outer layers solidified are surprisingly unstable to depths several nanometers, fluctuating between crystalline and liquid state. This effect, referred herein as crystal interface liquefaction, observed remarkably low temperatures results highly interfaces exceeding 200 K below bulk melting point solid. In general, any liquefaction would occur or close formal solid, thus differentiating phenomenon other processes such surface pre‐melting conventional melting. Crystal variety binary alloy systems such, findings may impact understanding crystallization solidification metallic more generally.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Structural Evolution of Liquid Metals and Alloys DOI
Vaishnavi Krishnamurthi, Pierre H. A. Vaillant, Jitendra Mata

и другие.

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(30)

Опубликована: Май 13, 2024

Low-melting liquid metals are emerging as a new group of highly functional solvents due to their capability dissolve and alloy various in elemental state form solutions well colloidal systems. Furthermore, these can facilitate catalyze multiple unique chemical reactions. Despite the intriguing science behind alloys, very little is known about fundamental structures nanometric regime. To bridge this gap, work employs small angle neutron scattering molecular dynamics simulations, revealing that most commonly used metal solvents, EGaIn Galinstan, surprisingly structured with formation clusters ranging from 157 15.7 Å. Conversely, noneutectic alloys GaSn or GaIn at low solute concentrations 1, 2, 5 wt%, pure Ga, do not exhibit structures. Importantly, eutectic retain structure even elevated temperatures 60 90 °C, highlighting they just simple homogeneous fluids consisting individual atoms. Understanding complex soft will assist comprehending phenomena occurring within contribute deriving reaction mechanisms realm synthesis metal-based catalysis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
Spindle-knot reinforced liquid metal-based strain sensor with excellent stretchability and stability DOI

Yicui Wei,

Weibo Zhang, Teng Pan

и другие.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 158365 - 158365

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Thinking Laterally - Probing the Force Holding the Oxide Layer to a Liquid Metal Interface. DOI Creative Commons
Pierre H. A. Vaillant, Vaishnavi Krishnamurthi, Caiden J. Parker

и другие.

Surfaces and Interfaces, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106576 - 106576

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Crystallisation, dissolution and diffusion in a Solid-Metal in Liquid-Metal colloidal system DOI Creative Commons
Caiden J. Parker, Karma Zuraiqi,

Vaishnavi Krishnamurthi

и другие.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 138086 - 138086

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025

The presence of solvated metallic elements with high mobility enables many applications liquid metals (LMs) such as in catalysis, phase change materials, welding, soldering, and additive manufacturing. While the processes crystallisation dissolution LM resemble those traditional solvents, they have not been studied great detail. Furthermore, crucial observations solute mass transport speeds (flux) evaluated yet, despite being discovered within catalytic environments. Thereby for like materials manufacturing, fundamental chemistry is underexplored. We hypothesise that a deeper understanding these properties obtained by studying phase-change behaviour solid metal colloidal systems. employed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine Ga-Cu system. This approach involves in-situ heating cooling TEM analysis specialised holder. shows upon heating, Ga2Cu crystal begins dissolve from its outermost layers, progressing until complete occurs. Recrystallisation then occurs supercooled environment, where rapidly crystallises. process substantial LM, allowing estimation directional atom flux Cu (valued -0.02 mol/m2s at 178 °C).

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
An X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Investigation into the Fundamental Structure of Liquid Metal Alloys DOI Creative Commons

Jaydon Meilak,

Karma Zuraiqi, Valerie D. Mitchell

и другие.

Small Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(11)

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024

Gallium and gallium alloys have gained significant interest due to gallium's low melting point. This property allows for gallium-based catalysts take advantage of the unique reaction environments only available in liquid state. While understanding catalytic properties metals is emerging, a comprehensive investigation into fundamental structures these materials has yet be undertaken. Herein, structure gallium, along with related EGaIn, EGaSn, Galinstan are explored using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). In contrast some other studies that show dimers, analysis XAS data both near edge extended fine shows when fully dissolved largely homogenous no obvious signs local structures. Ga bond contraction melted which consistent its increase density; however, an expansion length observed alloyed Sn. indicate effective nuclear charge (Z eff) Sn follows trend expected based on electronegativity. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations performed simulate trends between MD XAS; agree well but overestimates lengths.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2