Insects,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(11), С. 893 - 893
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2023
The
model
organism
Drosophila
melanogaster,
as
a
species
of
Holometabola,
undergoes
series
transformations
during
metamorphosis.
To
deeply
understand
its
development,
it
is
crucial
to
study
anatomy
the
key
developmental
stages.
We
describe
anatomical
systems
thorax,
including
endoskeleton,
musculature,
nervous
ganglion,
and
digestive
system,
from
late
pupal
stage
adult
stage,
based
on
micro-CT
3D
visualizations.
development
endoskeleton
causes
original
insertional
changes
in
muscles.
Several
muscles
change
their
shape
non-uniform
manner
with
respect
both
absolute
relative
size;
some
become
longer
broader,
while
others
shorten
narrower.
Muscular
may
vary
development.
number
muscular
bundles
also
increases
or
decreases.
Growing
are
probably
anchored
by
tissues
stroma.
Some
tendons
absent
possibly
due
hardened
sclerites.
Nearly
all
flight
present
third
day
which
be
presence
more
myofibers
enough
mitochondria
support
power.
There
sexual
differences
same
period.
In
contrast
endodermal
functions
most
thoracic
larva
order
complex
locomotion
under
control
structured
ventral
nerve
cord
serial
homology
proposed
herein.
Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(7), С. 907 - 907
Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2023
Anthropogenic
challenges,
particularly
climate
change-associated
factors,
are
strongly
impacting
the
behavior,
distribution,
and
survival
of
insects.
Yet
how
these
changes
affect
pests
such
as
Drosophila
suzukii,
a
cosmopolitan
pest
soft-skinned
small
fruits,
remains
poorly
understood.
This
polyphagous
is
chill-susceptible,
with
cold
temperatures
causing
multiple
stresses,
including
desiccation
starvation,
also
challenging
immune
system.
Since
invasion
Europe
United
States
America
in
2009,
it
has
been
rapidly
spreading
to
several
European
American
countries
(both
North
South
American)
African
Asian
countries.
However,
globalization
global
warming
allowing
an
altitudinal
latitudinal
expansion
species,
thus
colonization
colder
regions.
review
explores
D.
suzukii
adapts
survive
during
seasons.
We
focus
on
overwintering
strategies
behavioral
adaptations
migration
or
sheltering,
seasonal
polyphenism,
reproductive
adaptations,
well
metabolic
transcriptomic
response
cold.
Finally,
we
discuss
continuation
change
may
promote
ability
this
species
spread,
what
mitigation
measures
could
be
employed
overcome
cold-adapted
suzukii.
Probiotics
are
live
microorganisms
that
offer
potential
benefits
to
their
hosts
and
can
occasionally
influence
behavioral
responses.
However,
the
detailed
mechanisms
by
which
probiotics
affect
behavior
of
underlying
biogenic
effects
remain
unclear.
Lactic
acid
bacteria,
specifically
Lactobacillus
spp.
known
probiotics.
Drosophila
melanogaster,
commonly
as
fruit
fly,
is
a
well-established
model
organism
for
investigating
interaction
between
host
gut
microbiota
in
translational
research.
Herein,
we
showed
5-day
administration
acidophilus
(termed
GMNL-185)
or
Lacticaseibacillus
rhamnosus
GMNL-680)
enhances
olfactory-associative
memory
Drosophila.
Moreover,
combined
diet
GMNL-185
GMNL-680
demonstrated
synergistic
on
functions.
Live
brain
imaging
revealed
significant
increase
calcium
responses
training
odor
mushroom
body
β
γ
lobes
flies
underwent
mixed
feeding
with
GMNL-680.
Quantitative
reverse
transcription
polymerase
chain
reaction
(qRT-PCR)
whole-mount
immunohistochemistry
upregulation
lactate
dehydrogenase
(LDH)
expression
fly
following
feeding.
Notably,
genetic
knockdown
Ldh
neurons,
body,
ameliorated
beneficial
improvement.
Altogether,
our
results
demonstrate
supplementation
L.
functions
increasing
LDH
levels.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025
The
rapid
growth
that
occurs
during
Drosophila
larval
development
requires
a
dramatic
rewiring
of
central
carbon
metabolism
to
support
biosynthesis.
Larvae
achieve
this
metabolic
state,
in
part,
by
coordinately
up-regulating
the
expression
genes
involved
carbohydrate
metabolism.
resulting
program
exhibits
hallmark
characteristics
aerobic
glycolysis
and
establishes
physiological
state
supports
growth.
To
date,
only
factor
known
activate
glycolytic
is
Estrogen-Related
Receptor
(dERR).
However,
dERR
dynamically
regulated
onset
switch,
indicating
other
factors
must
be
involved.
Here
we
discover
Sima,
ortholog
Hif1α,
also
essential
for
establishing
program.
Using
multi-omics
approach,
demonstrate
sima
mutants
fail
properly
die
with
defects
phenocopy
mutants.
Moreover,
Sima/Hif1α
protein
accumulation
mutually
dependent,
as
loss
either
transcription
results
decreased
abundance
protein.
Considering
mammalian
homologs
ERR
Hif1α
cooperatively
regulate
cancer
cells,
our
findings
establish
fly
powerful
genetic
model
studying
interaction
between
these
two
key
regulators.
Objectives:
examine
possibility
Hypoxia
inducible
1α
(Hif1α)
required
Methods:
CRISPR/Cas9
was
used
generate
new
loss-of-function
alleles
gene
similar
(
),
which
encodes
sole
Hif1α.
mutant
strains
were
analyzed
using
combination
metabolomics
RNAseq
Results:
Our
studies
reveal
phenotypes
mimic
those
displayed
Conclusions:
These
Sima/HIF1α
embryogenesis
up-regulate
preparation
Notably,
study
reveals
Sima-dependent
profile
shares
considerable
overlap
observed
mutant,
suggesting
embryonic
expression.
melanogaster
larvae
exhibit
severe
second
instar.
same
Estrogen
Related
)
mutants,
other.
