Oligodendrocyte‐derived exosomes‐containing SIRT2 ameliorates depressive‐like behaviors and restores hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity via the AKT/GSK‐3β pathway in depressed mice

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

To investigate the antidepressant role of oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes (ODEXs)-containing sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) and underlying mechanism both in vivo vitro.

Язык: Английский

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Novel rapid treatment options for adolescent depression

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 201, С. 107085 - 107085

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

There is an urgent need for novel fast-acting antidepressants adolescent treatment-resistant depression and/or suicidal risk, since the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors that are clinically approved age (i.e., fluoxetine or escitalopram) take weeks to work. In this context, one of main research lines our group characterize at preclinical level approaches rapid-acting adolescence. The present review summarizes potential use in adolescence non-pharmacological options, such as neuromodulators (electroconvulsive therapy and other innovative types brain stimulation), well pharmacological including consciousness-altering drugs (mainly ketamine but also classical psychedelics) cannabinoids cannabidiol), with promising responses. Following a brief analytical explanation depression, we general introduction each therapeutical approach together clinical evidence supporting its beneficial extrapolated from prior successful examples adults), then report recent ongoing studies will aid improving inclusion these therapies clinic, by considering sex-, age-, dose-related differences, factors might affect efficacy long-term safety. Finally, conclude providing future avenues maximize treatment response, more importance designing testing options safe depression.

Язык: Английский

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Neurological mechanism-based analysis of the role and characteristics of physical activity in the improvement of depressive symptoms

Reviews in the Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Abstract Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by high prevalence and significant adverse effects, making the searching for effective interventions an urgent priority. In recent years, physical activity (PA) has increasingly been recognized as standard adjunctive treatment disorders owing to its low cost, easy application, efficiency. Epidemiological data shows positive preventive therapeutic effects of PA on illnesses such depression. This article systematically describes prophylactic depression biological basis. A comprehensive literature analysis reveals that significantly improves depressive symptoms upregulating expression “exerkines” irisin, adiponectin, BDNF positively impacting neuropsychiatric conditions. particular, lactate could also play critical role in ameliorating due findings about protein lactylation novel post-transcriptional modification. The suggests terms brain structure, may improve hippocampal volume, basal ganglia (neostriatum, caudate-crustal nucleus) PFC density patients with MDD. summary, this study elucidates multifaceted potential mechanisms particular emphasis roles various exerkines. Future research further investigate different types, intensities, durations depression, well how better integrate into existing strategies achieve optimal outcomes health interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Examining the needs, outcomes and current treatment pathways of 2461 people with treatment-resistant depression: mixed-methods study

The British Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 8

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Background A substantial subset of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) experience treatment-resistant depression (TRD), typically defined as failure to respond at least two sequential antidepressant trials adequate dose and length. Aims To examine clinical service-level associations TRD, the experiences people TRD clinicians involved in their care within a large, diverse National Health Service trust UK. Method This mixed-methods study integrated quantitative analysis electronic health records thematic semi-structured interviews. Chi-squared tests one-way variance were used assess between lines treatments sociodemographic variables, binary logistic regression was identify status. Results Nearly half (48%) MDD met criteria, 36.9% having trialled ≥4 treatments. People had higher rates recurrent (odds ratio = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05–1.45, P 0.008), comorbid anxiety disorders 1.21, 1.03–1.41, 0.019), personality ratio=1.35, 1.10–1.65, 0.003), self-harm 1.76, 1.06–2.93, 0.029) cardiovascular diseases 1.46, 1.02–2.07, 0.0374). Greater treatment resistance linked increased economic inactivity functional loss. Qualitative findings revealed severe emotional distress frustration existing treatments, well organisational illness-related barriers effective care. Conclusions is characterised by increasing mental physical morbidity decline, individuals experiencing Improved pathways, service structures more biological psychological interventions are needed.

Язык: Английский

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Liposome-Derived Nanosystems for the Treatment of Behavioral and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Promise of Niosomes, Transfersomes, and Ethosomes for Increased Brain Drug Bioavailability

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(10), С. 1424 - 1424

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2023

Psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders are amongst the most prevalent debilitating diseases, but current treatments either have low success rates, greatly due to permeability of blood–brain barrier, and/or connected severe side effects. Hence, new strategies extremely important, here is where liposome-derived nanosystems come in. Niosomes, transfersomes, ethosomes nanometric vesicular structures that allow drug encapsulation, protecting them from degradation, increasing their solubility, permeability, brain targeting, bioavailability. This review highlighted great potential these for treatment Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, depression. Studies regarding encapsulation synthetic natural-derived molecules in systems, intravenous, oral, transdermal, or intranasal administration, led an increased bioavailability when compared conventional pharmaceutical forms. Moreover, developed formulations proved neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects, including neurotransmitter level restoration oxidative status improvement, improved locomotor activity enhancement recognition working memories animal models. albeit being relatively technologies, niosomes, already proven increase psychoactive drugs, leading effectiveness decreased showing promise as future therapeutics.

Язык: Английский

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