Infezioni in Medicina,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4(32)
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Respiratory
syncytial
virus
(RSV)
is
a
respiratory
that
usually
causes
mild
upper
tract
symptoms.
However,
it
can
lead
to
severe
lower
disease
in
high-risk
populations,
with
complications
such
as
pneumonia
and
failure.
RSV
poses
significant
public
health
threat
not
only
children,
but
also
adults,
particularly
those
over
75
years
of
age
individuals
comorbidities.
The
high
incidence
severity
infections
these
vulnerable
groups
highlights
the
urgent
need
for
effective
preventive
strategies.
Despite
advancements
clinical
management
infections,
preventing
remains
challenge.
symptoms
are
often
underestimated
misdiagnosed
due
their
similarity
other
like
influenza
COVID-19.
This
leads
substantial
burden
patients
healthcare
systems,
increased
hospitalizations
prolonged
treatments.
In
recent
years,
there
has
been
progress
development
vaccines,
offering
new
hope
prevention.
Our
aim
promote
vaccination,
emphasizing
importance
large-scale
prevention
efforts
enhance
quality
life
at-risk
optimize
resource
allocation.
paper
will
report
efficacy
safety
data
three
main
vaccines
currently
available
practitioners,
providing
comprehensive
balanced
overview
vaccine
options
supporting
informed
decision-making
by
professionals
regulatory
authorities.
Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 17
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025
Pneumonia
remains
a
leading
cause
of
morbidity
and
mortality,
particularly
in
critically
ill
patients
with
acute
respiratory
failure
(ARF).
This
review
discusses
prevention
strategies
for
pneumonia-induced
ARF,
categorized
into
primary,
secondary,
tertiary
prevention.
A
literature
search
was
conducted
through
PubMed
covering
the
years
2000-2024,
using
keywords
'acute
failure,'
pneumonia
prevention,"
'risk
stratification,'
'preventive
strategies.'
Primary
focuses
on
reducing
risk
vaccination,
smoking
cessation,
comorbidity
management.
Secondary
involves
early
detection,
assessment
clinical
tools
like
Severity
Index
(PSI)
biomarkers,
such
as
procalcitonin
C-reactive
protein,
appropriate
antibiotic
use,
emerging
machine
learning
real-time
stratification.
Tertiary
optimizing
care
noninvasive
support,
lung-protective
ventilation
strategies,
ventilator
bundles
intubated
patients.
Emerging
therapies,
including
targeted
use
corticosteroids
other
immunomodulatory
agents,
are
also
discussed
promising
adjuncts
to
current
standards
care.
While
these
show
potential,
continued
research
is
necessary
refine
interventions,
explore
newer
therapies
evaluate
long-term
outcomes.
Implementation
aims
reduce
impact
ARF
healthcare
systems
improve
patient
survival
quality
JAMA Network Open,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
8(4), С. e252841 - e252841
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
In
2023,
the
first
respiratory
syncytial
virus
(RSV)
vaccines
were
recommended
for
US
adults
60
years
or
older,
but
few
data
are
available
about
which
patients
most
likely
to
receive
vaccine
inform
future
RSV
outreach
efforts.
To
assess
patient-
and
community-level
characteristics
associated
with
receipt
patient
knowledge
attitudes
related
disease
vaccines.
During
season
of
use
from
October
1,
April
30,
2024,
older
hospitalized
RSV-negative
acute
illness
enrolled
in
this
cross-sectional
study
26
hospitals
20
states.
Sociodemographic
clinical
abstracted
health
records,
structured
interviews
conducted
Age,
sex,
race
ethnicity,
pulmonary
disease,
immunocompromised
status,
long-term
care
facility
residence,
medical
insurance,
social
vulnerability
index
(SVI),
educational
level.
The
exposures
identified
a
priori
as
possible
factors
entered
into
modified
Poisson
regression
model
accounting
state
clustering,
association
receipt.
Knowledge
summarized
frequencies
proportions.
Among
6746
median
age
was
73
(IQR,
66-80)
3451
(51.2%)
female.
6599
self-reported
699
(10.6%)
Hispanic,
1288
(19.5%)
non-Hispanic
Black,
4299
(65.1%)
White,
313
(4.7%)
other
ethnicity.
There
700
RSV-vaccinated
(10.4%)
6046
unvaccinated
(89.6%)
adults.
3219
who
responded
questions,
1519
(47.2%)
had
not
heard
unsure;
2525
3218
(78.5%)
unsure
if
they
eligible
thought
not.
adjusted
analyses,
vaccination
being
75
(adjusted
risk
ratio
[ARR],
1.23;
95%
CI,
1.10-1.38,
P
<
.001),
male
(ARR,
1.15;
1.01-1.30;
=
.04),
having
1.39;
1.16-1.67;
status
1.30;
1.14-1.48;
low
1.47;
1.18-1.83,
.001)
moderate
1.21-1.79;
SVI,
level
consisting
4
more
college
2.91;
2.14-3.96;
at
least
some
technical
training
1.85;
1.35-2.53;
grade
12
education
General
Educational
Development
1.44;
1.03-2.00;
.03).
less
among
residents
facilities,
Medicaid
coverage,
uninsured
patients.
adults,
eligibility
low.
Older
those
certain
conditions
have
received
vaccine,
suggesting
appropriate
prioritization,
sociodemographic
differences
uptake
occurred.
Abstract
Respiratory
syncytial
virus
(RSV)
causes
substantial
morbidity
and
mortality
across
the
lifespan,
with
highest
burden
seen
in
infants
older
adults.
Recently
approved
immunizing
agents,
including
long-acting
neutralizing
monoclonal
antibodies
a
maternal
vaccine
for
passive
immunization
of
newborns,
three
vaccines
adults
aged
60
years
who
are
vulnerable
to
RSV
disease,
have
potential
prevent
severe
RSV-associated
disease
if
implemented
successfully.
The
use
these
agents
will
be
some
Italian
regions
over
next
few
months,
although
no
consistent
timelines
or
decisions
adoption
at
national
level
expected.
A
multidisciplinary
group
experts
neonatology,
obstetrics
gynecology,
respiratory
medicine,
geriatric
hygiene,
public
health
reviewed
evidence
on
prevention
present
here
their
considerations
implementing
an
strategy
Italy.
Given
associated
burden,
it
is
essential
move
quickly
deploy
populations,
enhance
surveillance
accurately
detect/predict
seasonal
trends
activity
measure
impact
strategies.
Continuing
research
combined
widespread
more
sensitive
testing
needed
identify
populations
risk
factors.
Policies
support
preventive
measures
healthcare
system,
access
must
accompanied
by
educational
initiatives
advocacy
promote
acceptance
HCPs
target
population.
Journal of General Virology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
106(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025
Respiratory
syncytial
virus
(RSV)
is
associated
with
considerable
healthcare
burden;
as
such,
prevention
and
treatment
of
RSV
have
long
been
considered
a
priority.
Historic
failures
in
vaccine
development
had
slowed
the
research
field.
However,
discovery
conformational
change
fusion
protein
(F)
has
led
to
advancements
The
pharmaceutical
landscape
drastically
changed
recent
years
successful
trials
both
vaccines
second-generation
mAbs
leading
licensing
roll-out
these
agents
several
countries.
preventative
therapeutic
measures
will
likely
significant
impact
on
RSV-related
morbidity
mortality.
there
are
still
gaps
protection
that
immunizations
offer
should
be
addressed.
Many
unanswered
questions
about
infection
dynamics
subsequent
disease
focus
ongoing
research.
This
review
discusses
currently
licensed
pharmaceuticals
others
recently
progressed
clinical
trials.
