Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(8), С. 2833 - 2833

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2025

Cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic diseases are pathophysiologically interdependent, posing a significant global health challenge being associated with substantial increase in morbidity mortality. In 2023, the American Heart Association (AHA) defined this complex network of interconnected conditions as cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome. This syndrome is based on common pathophysiological mechanisms, including chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperglycemia insulin resistance, activation renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), neurohormonal dysfunction, which trigger vicious cycle where impairment one organ contributes to progressive deterioration others. An integrated approach these conditions, rather than treating them separate entities, supports holistic management strategy that helps reduce burden public improve patients’ quality life. Existing focuses lifestyle modification, glycemic lipid control, use nephroprotective cardioprotective therapies. narrative review aims synthesize contextualize existing information interactions between systems diagnostic approaches, well provide an overview available therapeutic options.

Язык: Английский