The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review

Hepatology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 77(4), С. 1335 - 1347

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2023

Background and Aims: NAFLD is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity mortality. We assessed the global regional prevalence, incidence, mortality using an in-depth meta-analytic approach. Approach Results: PubMed Ovid MEDLINE were searched for population-based studies from 1990 to 2019 survey year (last published 2022) per Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Meta-analysis was conducted random-effects models. Bias risk assessment Joanna Briggs Institute. Of 2585 reviewed, 92 (N=9,361,716) met eligibility criteria. Across study period (1990–2019), pooling prevalence estimates ultrasound-defined yielded overall 30.05% (95% CI: 27.88%–32.32%) 30.69% (28.4–33.09), respectively. Global increased by +50.4% 25.26% (21.59–29.33) in 1990–2006 38.00% (33.71–42.49) 2016–2019 ( p <0.001); +38.7% 25.16% (19.46–31.87) 34.59% (29.05–40.57) =0.029). The highest Latin America 44.37% (30.66%–59.00%), then Middle East North Africa (MENA) (36.53%, 28.63%–45.22%), South Asia (33.83%, 22.91%–46.79%), South-East (33.07%, 18.99%–51.03%), (31.20%, 25.86%–37.08%), (29.71%, 25.96%–33.76%), Pacific 28.02% (24.69%–31.60%), Western Europe 25.10% (20.55%–30.28%). Among cohort diagnosed without liver biopsy, pooled rate 1000 PY 12.60 (6.68–23.67) all-cause mortality; 4.20 (1.34–7.05) cardiac-specific 2.83 (0.78–4.88) extrahepatic cancer-specific 0.92 (0.00–2.21) liver-specific Conclusions: 30% increasing which requires urgent comprehensive strategies raise awareness address all aspects on local, regional, levels.

Язык: Английский

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Global burden of liver disease: 2023 update

Journal of Hepatology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 79(2), С. 516 - 537

Опубликована: Март 27, 2023

Liver disease accounts for two million deaths annually and is responsible 4% of all (1 out every 25 worldwide); approximately two-thirds liver-related occur in men. Deaths are largely attributable to complications cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma, with acute hepatitis accounting a smaller proportion deaths. The most common causes worldwide related viral hepatitis, alcohol, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatotropic viruses the aetiological factor cases but drug-induced injury increasingly significant cases. This iteration global burden an update 2019 version focuses mainly on areas where new information available like alcohol-associated disease, carcinoma. We also devote separate section Africa, area world typically neglected such documents.

Язык: Английский

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Global incidence and prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(Suppl), С. S32 - S42

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of worldwide. The estimated global incidence NAFLD 47 cases per 1,000 population and higher among males than females. prevalence adults 32% (40%) compared to females (26%). has increased over time, from 26% in studies 2005 or earlier 38% 2016 beyond. varies substantially by world region, contributed differing rates obesity, genetic socioeconomic factors. exceeds 40% the Americas South-East Asia. projected increase significantly multiple regions 2030 if current trends are left unchecked. In this review, we discuss future projections.

Язык: Английский

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Changing epidemiology, global trends and implications for outcomes of NAFLD

Journal of Hepatology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 79(3), С. 842 - 852

Опубликована: Май 10, 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has rapidly become the most common globally, currently estimated to affect 38% of global population. A minority patients with NAFLD will progress cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, but total number this vast population that risk such severe outcomes is increasing. Worryingly, persons are affected by at an earlier age, suggesting they have longer time develop complications. With considerable changes in diet composition and urbanization, obesity type 2 diabetes among population, particular developing countries, proportion projected be further Yet, there large geographical discrepancies prevalence rates its inflammatory component non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Such differences partly related differing socio-economic milieus, also genetic predisposition.This narrative review discusses recent epidemiology NASH from regional perspectives, as well special populations. We discuss consequences these can on hepatic extra-hepatic events.

Язык: Английский

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Randomized, Controlled Trial of the FGF21 Analogue Pegozafermin in NASH

New England Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 389(11), С. 998 - 1008

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2023

Pegozafermin is a long-acting glycopegylated (pegylated with the use of site-specific glycosyltransferases) fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) analogue in development for treatment nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and severe hypertriglyceridemia. The efficacy safety pegozafermin patients biopsy-proven noncirrhotic NASH are not well established.

Язык: Английский

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Global incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 63 studies and 1,201,807 persons

Journal of Hepatology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 79(2), С. 287 - 295

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Forecasted 2040 global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease using hierarchical bayesian approach

Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(4), С. 841 - 850

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2022

Background/Aims: Due to increases in obesity and type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has also been increasing. Current forecast models may not include non-obese NAFLD. Here, we used Bayesian approach NAFLD through year 2040.Methods: Prevalence data from 245 articles involving 2,699,627 persons were with a hierarchical 2040. Subgroup analyses performed for age, gender, presence metabolic syndrome, region, smoking status. Sensitivity analysis was conducted clinical setting study quality.Results: The forecasted 2040 55.7%, three-fold increase since 1990 43.2% 2020 38.9%. estimated average yearly 2.16%. For those aged <50 years ≥50 years, significantly different (56.7% vs. 61.5%, <i>P</i>=0.52). There significant difference by sex (males: 60% 50%) but trend steeper females (annual percentage change: 2.5% 1.5%, <i>P</i>=0.025). no trends overtime region (<i>P</i>=0.48). rate higher without syndrome (3.8% 0.84%, <i>P</i>=0.003) smokers (1.4% 1.1%, <i>P</i>=0.011). clinical/community (<i>P</i>=0.491) or quality (<i>P</i>=0.85).Conclusion: By 2040, over half adult population is have largest are expected occur women, smokers, syndrome. Intensified efforts needed raise awareness determine long-term solutions addressing driving factors disease.

Язык: Английский

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GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(2), С. 1703 - 1703

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2023

To date, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent disease, affecting up to 70% of patients with diabetes. Currently, there are no specific drugs available for its treatment. Beyond their anti-hyperglycemic effect and surprising role cardio- nephroprotection, GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have shown a significant impact on body weight clinical, biochemical histological markers fibrosis in NAFLD. Therefore, RAs could be weapon treatment both diabetes mellitus The aim this review summarize evidence currently NAFLD hypothesize potential future scenarios.

Язык: Английский

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Global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Gut, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 72(11), С. 2138 - 2148

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic disease, with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as a major predictor. Insulin resistance and inflammation are key pathways in pathogenesis T2DM to NAFLD vice versa, synergistic effect increasing morbidity mortality risks. This meta-analysis aims quantify prevalence clinically significant advanced fibrosis people T2DM.MEDLINE Embase databases were searched from inception until 13 February 2023. The primary outcomes NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) T2DM. A generalised linear mixed model Clopper-Pearson intervals was used for analysis proportions sensitivity conducted explore heterogeneity between studies.156 studies met inclusion criteria, pooled 1 832 125 patients determined that rates NASH 65.04% (95% CI 61.79% 68.15%, I2=99.90%) 31.55% 17.12% 50.70%, I2=97.70%), respectively. 35.54% 19.56% 55.56%, I2=100.00%) individuals had (F2-F4), while 14.95% 11.03% 19.95%, I2=99.00%) (F3-F4).This study high Increased efforts required prevent combat rising burden NAFLD.CRD42022360251.

Язык: Английский

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An adipocentric perspective on the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Journal of Hepatology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 78(5), С. 1048 - 1062

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023

Alongside the liver, white adipose tissue (WAT) is critical in regulating systemic energy homeostasis. Although each organ has its specialised functions, they must work coordinately to regulate whole-body metabolism. Adipose tissues and liver are relatively resilient can adapt an surplus by facilitating triglyceride (TG) storage up a certain threshold level without significant metabolic disturbances. However, lipid WAT beyond "personalised" adiposity becomes dysfunctional, leading inflexibility, progressive inflammation, aberrant adipokine secretion. Moreover, failure of store mobilise lipids results knock-on overload, particularly liver. Factors contributing hepatic overload include released from WAT, dietary fat intake, enhanced de novo lipogenesis. In contrast, extrahepatic mechanisms counteracting toxic entail coordinated compensation through oxidation fatty acids brown as TGs WAT. Failure these integrated homeostatic leads quantitative increases qualitative alterations lipidome Initially, hepatocytes preferentially accumulate TG species "benign" non-alcoholic with time, inflammatory responses ensue, progressing into more severe conditions such steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, some individuals (often early prognostic clue). Herein, we highlight pathogenic importance obesity-induced "adipose failure", resulting decreased functionality (i.e. capacity flexibility), development progression NAFL/NASH.

Язык: Английский

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