The general neurocognitive decline in patients with methamphetamine (MA) use and transient MA-induced psychosis is primarily determined by oxidative and AGE-RAGE stress.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Abstract Background Chronic methamphetamine (MA) usage is linked to oxidative stress (OS), AGE-RAGE stress, changes in magnesium, calcium, and copper, increased psychotic symptoms neurocognitive deficits. Nevertheless, it still unclear whether the latter impairments are mediated by these biological pathways. Aims The purpose of this study was investigate relationships between neurocognition, aforementioned biomarkers, symptoms. Methods We recruited 67 participants, namely 40 patients diagnosed with MA-substance use 27 healthy controls, assessed Brief Assessment Cognition Schizophrenia (BACS), psychosis, excitation, formal thought disorders, OS toxicity (computed as sum myeloperoxidase (MPO), oxidized high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-DL, malondialdehyde), antioxidant defenses (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, total capacity, zinc, HDL), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), soluble AGE receptors. Results were able extract one validated latent vector from Mini Mental State Examination score BACS tests results (including executive functions, verbal fluency, attention), labeled general cognitive decline (G-CoDe). found that 76.1% variance G-CoDe explained toxicity, lowered defenses, number episodes, MA dose. In use, MPO significantly associated G-CoDe. Conclusions induces mild through MA-induced activation detrimental outcome pathways, including suppression protective pathways (antioxidants). Increased OS, MPO, new drug targets prevent deficits psychosis due use.

Язык: Английский

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The novel pathway phenotype major neurocognitive psychosis is validated as a distinct class through the analysis of immune-linked neurotoxicity biomarkers and neurocognitive deficits

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024

Abstract Background Using machine learning methods based on neurocognitive deficits and neuroimmune biomarkers, two distinct classes were discovered within schizophrenia patient samples. The first, major psychosis (MNP) was characterized by cognitive in executive functions memory, higher prevalence of psychomotor retardation, formal thought disorders, mannerisms, psychosis, hostility, excitation, negative symptoms, diverse aberrations. Simple (SNP) the less severe phenotype. Aims study comprised a sample 40 healthy controls 90 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, divided into MNP SNP previously determined criteria. Soft Independent Modelling Class Analogy (SIMCA) performed using test results measurements serum M1 macrophage cytokines, IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23 as discriminatory/modelling variables. model-to-model distances between MNP+SNP computed, top discriminatory variables established. Results A notable SIMCA distance 146.1682 observed control group; top-3 lowered motor speed, an activated T helper-17 axis, working memory. This successfully differentiated from yielding 19.3. activation, verbal fluency, prominent features versus SNP. Discussion Based assessments immune-linked neurotoxic IL-6/IL-23/Th-17 we found that are qualitatively classes. Future biomarker research should always examine biomarkers phenotypes, rather than combined + or group.

Язык: Английский

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Is amnestic mild cognitive impairment a neuro-immune condition?

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 6, 2024

Abstract Background The pathophysiology of amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) is largely unknown, although some papers found signs immune activation. Aims To assess the cytokine network in aMCI after excluding patients with major depression (MDD) and to examine profiles quantitative (qMCI) distress symptoms old age (DSOA) scores. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 61 Thai participants 60 healthy adults (both without MDD). Bio-Plex Pro human 27-plex test kit LUMINEX 200 were used assay cytokines/chemokines/growth factors fasting plasma samples. Results characterized by significant general immnosuppression, reductions T helper 1 (Th)1 cell growth profiles, immune-inflammatory responses system, interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL7, IL12p70, IL13, GM-CSF, MCP-1 as compared controls. These 7 cytokines/chemokines exhibit neuroprotective effects at physiologic concentrations. In multivariate analyses, three neurotoxic chemokines, CCL11, CCL5, CXCL8, emerged predictors aMCI. Logistic regression showed that best predicted combining IL1β, MCP-1, years education (all inversely associated) CCL5 (positively associated). We 38.2% variance qMCI score explained (inversely DSOA not associated any data. Discussion dysbalance between lowered levels cytokines relative increases chemokines are key Future MCI research should always control for confounding affective symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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Revisiting Rorschach test and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-II patterns in Kraepelinian vs. DSM-wise Schizophrenia: How They Differ and What It Means for Diagnosis

Science Progress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 107(3)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

This retrospective chart review study aimed to investigate the differences in Rorschach test and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-II profiles among patients with Kraepelinian schizophrenia, those DSM-wise controls. schizophrenia is characterised by a chronic, deteriorative disease course predominance of negative symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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Is Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment a Neuro-Immune Condition?

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2024

Objectives The pathophysiology of amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) is largely unknown, although some papers found signs immune activation. To assess the cytokine network in aMCI after excluding patients with major depression (MDD) and to examine profiles quantitative (qMCI) distress symptoms old age (DSOA) scores. Design: A case-control study. Setting: Department Psychiatry a University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Participants : 61 Thai participants 60 healthy adults (both without MDD). Measurements Bio-Plex Pro human 27-plex test kit was used assay cytokines/chemokines/growth factors fasting plasma samples. Results characterized by significant general immunosuppression, reductions T helper 1 (Th)1 cell growth profiles, immune-inflammatory responses system, interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL7, IL12p70, IL13, GM-CSF, MCP-1. These 7 cytokines/chemokines exhibit neuroprotective effects at physiologic concentrations. In multivariate analyses, three neurotoxic chemokines, CCL11, CCL5, CXCL8, emerged as predictors aMCI. Logistic regression showed that best predicted combining IL1β, MCP-1, years education (all inversely associated) CCL5 (positively associated). We 38.2% variance qMCI score explained (inversely DSOA not associated any data. Discussion dysbalance between lowered levels cytokines relative increases chemokines are key Future MCI research should always control for confounding affective symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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Cytokine dysregulation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The Novel Pathway Phenotype 'Major Neurocognitive Psychosis' is Validated as a Distinct Class Through the Analysis of Immune-Linked Neurotoxicity Biomarkers and Neurocognitive Deficits

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Towards a major methodological shift in depression research by assessing continuous scores of recurrence of illness, lifetime and current suicidal behaviors and phenome features.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 14, 2023

Background The binary major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosis is inadequate and should never be used in research. Aims study's objective to explicate our novel precision nomothetic strategy for constructing depression models based on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), lifetime current phenome, biomarker (atherogenicity indices) scores. Methods This study assessed recurrence of illness (ROI: namely episodes suicidal behaviors), behaviors the phenome depression, neuroticism, dysthymia, anxiety disorders, lipid biomarkers (including ApoA, ApoB, free cholesterol cholesteryl esters, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol) 67 normal controls 66 MDD patients. We computed atherogenic reverse transport indices. Results were able extract one factor from a) comprising ROI, traits such as dysthymia b) acute phase (based quality life scores). PLS analysis showed that 55.7% variance + was explained by increased atherogenicity, neglect sexual abuse, while atherogenicity partially mediated effects neglect. Cluster generated a cluster patients with dysmood disorder, which externally validated characterized scores all clinical features. Conclusions outcome not represented variable (MDD or not), but rather multiple dimensional biomarkers, subclinical traits, including behaviors.

Язык: Английский

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Methamphetamine (MA) use and MA-induced psychosis are associated with increasing aberrations in the compensatory immunoregulatory system, interleukin-1α, and CCL5 levels

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2023

Abstract Comprehensive immunological profiles have not been studied in relation to methamphetamine (MA) use, MA dependency, or MA-induced psychosis (MAP). Using the BioPlex Pro Human Cytokine 48-Plex panel, this study measured M1 macrophage, T helper (Th)-1, Th-2, growth factor, and chemokine profiles, as well immune inflammatory response system (IRS) compensatory immunoregulatory (CIRS) peripheral blood samples from patients with use (n=51), dependence (n=47), MAP (n=43) comparison healthy controls (n=43). We discovered that persistent had a robust dose-dependent suppressive impact on all suggesting extensive immunosuppression. The most reliable biomarker profile of is combination substantial CIRS suppression rise selected pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely CCL27 (CTACK), CCL11 (eotaxin), interleukin (IL)-1α. In addition, dependency related more severe immunosuppression, demonstrated by lower stem cell factor higher IL-10 levels. significant decrease particularly CIRS, an increase CCL5 (RANTES), IL-1α, IL-12p70 signaling. conclusion, long-term severely undermine homeostasis. This results widespread which may likelihood infectious illness exacerbate disorders such hepatitis AIDS. Elevated levels CCL5, CCL11, CCL27, and/or be associated (atherosclerosis, cutaneous inflammation, aberrations, hypospermatogenesis) central (neuroinflammation, neurotoxic, neurodegenerative, depression, anxiety psychosis) side effects.

Язык: Английский

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