In vitro and in vivo differences in neurovirulence between D614G, Delta And Omicron BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 variants

Acta Neuropathologica Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with various neurological complications. Although the mechanism not fully understood, several studies have shown that neuroinflammation occurs in and post-acute phase. As these predominantly been performed isolates from 2020, it unknown if there are differences among SARS-CoV-2 variants their ability to cause neuroinflammation. Here, we compared neuroinvasiveness, neurotropism neurovirulence of ancestral strain D614G, Delta (B.1.617.2) Omicron BA.1 (B.1.1.529) using vitro vivo models. The variant showed reduced D614G human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cortical neurons co-cultured astrocytes. Similar were obtained Syrian hamsters inoculated 5 days post infection. Replication olfactory mucosa was observed all hamsters, but most prominently hamsters. Furthermore, neuroinvasion into CNS via nerve or bulb D614G. Altogether, our findings suggest neuroinvasive, neurotropic neurovirulent potential between hiPSC-derived neural cultures during phase

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID and hypertension-related disorders: a report from the Japanese Society of Hypertension Project Team on COVID-19

Hypertension Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 46(3), С. 601 - 619

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2022

Язык: Английский

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From aging to long COVID: exploring the convergence of immunosenescence, inflammaging, and autoimmunity

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2023

The process of aging is accompanied by a dynamic restructuring the immune response, phenomenon known as immunosenescence. This mini-review navigates through complex landscape age-associated changes, chronic inflammation, age-related autoimmune tendencies, and their potential links with immunopathology Long COVID. Immunosenescence serves an introductory departure point, elucidating alterations in cell profiles functional dynamics, changes T-cell receptor signaling, cytokine network dysregulation, compromised regulatory function. Subsequent scrutiny or “inflammaging,” highlights its roles susceptibilities mediator perturbations observed COVID patients. introduction epigenetic facets further amplifies interconnections. In this compact review, we consider interactions between immunosenescence, autoimmunity. We aim to explore multifaceted relationships that link these processes shed light on underlying mechanisms drive interconnectedness. With focus understanding immunological context aging, seek provide insights into how immunosenescence inflammation contribute emergence progression disorders elderly may serve for disturbances.

Язык: Английский

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Brain correlates of subjective cognitive complaints in COVID-19 survivors: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study

European Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 68, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The Psychiatric Consequences of Long-COVID: A Scoping Review

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(11), С. 1767 - 1767

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has represented a new form of traumatic event, affecting the general population worldwide and causing severe disruption daily routine. A urgent concern is related to burden associated with symptoms that persist beyond onset infection, so-called long-COVID syndrome. present paper aims to: (1) describe most frequent psychiatric reported by patients affected syndrome; (2) evaluate methodological discrepancies among available studies; (3) inform clinicians policy-makers on possible strategies be promoted in order manage consequences Twenty-one papers have been included review, mostly cross-sectional or cohort design. Significant heterogeneity syndrome definitions was found. presence evaluated very different assessment tools. common fatigue, cognitive disturbances/impairment, depression, anxiety symptoms. rate fatigue varied from 93.2–82.3% 11.5%, impairment/cognitive dysfunction 61.4% 23.5% depressive-anxiety 23.5%to 9.5%.

Язык: Английский

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Aged brain and neuroimmune responses to COVID-19: post-acute sequelae and modulatory effects of behavioral and nutritional interventions

Immunity & Ageing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2023

Advanced age is one of the significant risk determinants for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related mortality and long COVID complications. The contributing factors may include age-related dynamical remodeling immune system, known as immunosenescence chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. Both these induce an inflammatory milieu in aged brain drive changes microenvironment neurons microglia, which are characterized by a general condition inflammation, so-called neuroinflammation. Emerging evidence reveals that privilege aging be compromised. Resident cells, such astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrocytes but also infiltrating monocytes, T cells macrophages participate complex intercellular networks multiple reciprocal interactions. Especially microglia playing regulatory role contribute to disturbing homeostasis impairments neuroimmune responses. Neuroinflammation trigger structural damage, diminish regeneration, neuronal cell death, modulate synaptic this manner negatively interfere with functions.In review article, we give insights into interactions highlight impact COVID-19 on functional systems already modulated We discuss potential ways severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proposed mechanisms biological development persisting conditions. summarize responsible COVID, including autoimmunity, direct virus-mediated cytotoxicity, hypercoagulation, mitochondrial failure, dysbiosis, reactivation other viruses, Cytomegalovirus (CMV). Finally, effects various interventional options can decrease propagation biological, physiological, psychosocial stressors activation inhibit triggering unbalanced modulatory bioactive nutritional compounds along multimodal benefits behavioral interventions moderate exercise, applied postinfectious order improve health.

Язык: Английский

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The Aftermath of COVID-19: Exploring the Long-Term Effects on Organ Systems

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4), С. 913 - 913

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2024

Background: Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) is a complicated disease that affects millions people all over the world. Previous studies have shown PASC impacts 10% infected patients which 50–70% are hospitalised. It has also been 10–12% those vaccinated against COVID-19 were affected by and its complications. The severity later development symptoms positively associated with early intensity infection. Results: generated health complications caused involve vast variety organ systems. Patients diagnosed neuropsychiatric neurological symptoms. cardiovascular system involved several diseases such as myocarditis, pericarditis, coronary artery reported. Chronic hematological problems thrombotic endothelialitis hypercoagulability described conditions could increase risk clotting disorders coagulopathy in patients. Chest pain, breathlessness, cough respiratory long-COVID causing distress syndrome. observed immune notable, involving diseases. renal was impacted, resulted raising issues, fibrosis, sepsis. Endocrine gland malfunction can lead to diabetes, thyroiditis, male infertility. Symptoms diarrhea, nausea, loss appetite, taste among reported observations due gastrointestinal disorders. Skin abnormalities might be an indication long-term implications persistent cutaneous complaints linked PASC. Conclusions: Long-COVID multidimensional syndrome considerable public implications, affecting physiological systems demanding thorough medical therapy, more study address underlying causes effects needed.

Язык: Английский

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Psychological and Cognitive Effects of Long COVID: A Narrative Review Focusing on the Assessment and Rehabilitative Approach

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(21), С. 6554 - 6554

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2022

Long COVID is a clinical syndrome characterized by profound fatigue, neurocognitive difficulties, muscle pain, weakness, and depression, lasting beyond the 3–12 weeks following infection with SARS-CoV-2. Among symptoms, psychiatric sequelae, including attention memory alterations, as well anxiety depression have become major targets of current healthcare providers given significant public health impact. In this context, assessment tools play crucial role in early screening cognitive alterations due to COVID. others, general tools, such Montreal Cognitive assessment, more specific ones, State Trait Inventory Fatigue Digit Span, may be help investigating main alterations. Moreover, appropriate neurorehabilitative programs using methods techniques (conventional and/or advanced) through multidisciplinary team are required treat COVID-19-related behavioral abnormalities. narrative review, we sought describe symptoms provide some advice for treatment

Язык: Английский

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From Cell to Symptoms: The Role of SARS-CoV-2 Cytopathic Effects in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 and Long COVID

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(9), С. 8290 - 8290

Опубликована: Май 5, 2023

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection triggers various events from molecular to tissue level, which in turn is given by the intrinsic characteristics of each patient. Given diversity characteristic cellular phenotype, possible cytopathic, and clinical effects are difficult predict, determines heterogeneity COVID-19 symptoms. The purpose this article provide a comprehensive review cytopathic SARS-CoV-2 on cell types, focusing development COVID-19, may lead, some patients, persistence symptoms after recovery disease, condition known as long COVID. We describe mechanisms underlying virus-host interactions, including alterations protein expression, intracellular signaling pathways, immune responses. In particular, highlights potential impact these cytopathies function outcomes, such dysregulation, neuropsychiatric disorders, organ damage. concludes discussing future directions for research implications management treatment

Язык: Английский

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Multi-target drugs for the treatment of cognitive impairment and fatigue in post-COVID syndrome: focus on Ginkgo biloba and Rhodiola rosea

Journal of Neural Transmission, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 131(3), С. 203 - 212

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2024

Abstract Cognitive impairment, depression and (mental) fatigue represent the most frequent neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-COVID syndrome. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress mitochondrial dysfunction have been identified as common pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these symptoms. Attempts to treat post-COVID-associated cognitive impairment with different drugs available for other diseases not yet successful. One probable explanation could be that work by one specific mechanism action only in a broad multi-target way. Therefore, they will address spectrum possibly responsible Notably, nearly all currently under investigation syndrome are rather addressing single target instead several pathomechanisms this condition. Contrary approach, herbal often consist many ingredients pharmacological properties targets. might promising approach treatment symptomatic presentation following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of drugs, extracts Ginkgo biloba Rhodiola rosea probably best investigated candidates. Their vitro vivo includes anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant well reducing fatigue. In studies, both showed positive effects on physical mental impaired cognition. Moreover, depressive were also reduced some studies. However, even if results promising, data still preliminary require additional proof further

Язык: Английский

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