Reprogramming
the
immunosuppressive
tumor
microenvironment
by
modulating
macrophages
holds
great
promise
in
immunotherapy.
As
a
class
of
professional
phagocytes
and
antigen-presenting
cells
innate
immune
system,
can
not
only
directly
engulf
clear
cells,
but
also
play
roles
presenting
tumor-specific
antigen
to
initiate
adaptive
immunity.
However,
tumor-associated
(TAMs)
usually
display
tumor-supportive
M2
phenotype
rather
than
anti-tumor
M1
phenotype.
They
support
escape
immunological
surveillance,
aggravate
progression,
impede
T
cell
Although
many
TAMs-modulating
agents
have
shown
success
therapy
multiple
tumors,
they
face
enormous
challenges
including
poor
accumulation
off-target
side
effects.
An
alternative
solution
is
use
advanced
nanostructures,
which
deliver
augment
therapeutic
efficacy,
serve
as
modulators
TAMs.
Another
important
strategy
exploitation
macrophage-derived
components
tumor-targeting
delivery
vehicles.
Herein,
we
summarize
recent
advances
targeting
engineering
for
immunotherapy,
(1)
direct
indirect
effects
on
augmentation
immunotherapy
(2)
strategies
macrophage-based
drug
carriers.
The
existing
perspectives
immunotherapies
are
highlighted.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
33(31)
Опубликована: Май 28, 2021
Abstract
Immunotherapy
that
can
activate
immunity
or
enhance
the
immunogenicity
of
tumors
has
emerged
as
one
most
effective
methods
for
cancer
therapy.
Nevertheless,
single‐mode
immunotherapy
is
still
confronted
with
several
critical
challenges,
such
low
immune
response,
tumor
infiltration,
and
complex
immunosuppression
microenvironment.
Recently,
combination
other
therapeutic
modalities
a
powerful
strategy
to
augment
outcome
in
fighting
against
cancer.
In
this
review,
recent
research
advances
chemotherapy,
phototherapy,
radiotherapy,
sonodynamic
therapy,
metabolic
microwave
thermotherapy
are
summarized.
Critical
challenges
future
direction
immunotherapy‐based
also
discussed.
Reprogramming
the
immunosuppressive
tumor
microenvironment
by
modulating
macrophages
holds
great
promise
in
immunotherapy.
As
a
class
of
professional
phagocytes
and
antigen-presenting
cells
innate
immune
system,
can
not
only
directly
engulf
clear
cells,
but
also
play
roles
presenting
tumor-specific
antigen
to
initiate
adaptive
immunity.
However,
tumor-associated
(TAMs)
usually
display
tumor-supportive
M2
phenotype
rather
than
anti-tumor
M1
phenotype.
They
support
escape
immunological
surveillance,
aggravate
progression,
impede
T
cell
Although
many
TAMs-modulating
agents
have
shown
success
therapy
multiple
tumors,
they
face
enormous
challenges
including
poor
accumulation
off-target
side
effects.
An
alternative
solution
is
use
advanced
nanostructures,
which
deliver
augment
therapeutic
efficacy,
serve
as
modulators
TAMs.
Another
important
strategy
exploitation
macrophage-derived
components
tumor-targeting
delivery
vehicles.
Herein,
we
summarize
recent
advances
targeting
engineering
for
immunotherapy,
(1)
direct
indirect
effects
on
augmentation
immunotherapy
(2)
strategies
macrophage-based
drug
carriers.
The
existing
perspectives
immunotherapies
are
highlighted.
