Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
123(8), С. 4237 - 4352
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2023
The
emergence
of
modern
photocatalysis,
characterized
by
mildness
and
selectivity,
has
significantly
spurred
innovative
late-stage
C–H
functionalization
approaches
that
make
use
low
energy
photons
as
a
controllable
source.
Compared
to
traditional
strategies,
photocatalysis
paves
the
way
toward
complementary
and/or
previously
unattainable
regio-
chemoselectivities.
Merging
compelling
benefits
with
workflow
offers
potentially
unmatched
arsenal
tackle
drug
development
campaigns
beyond.
This
Review
highlights
photocatalytic
strategies
small-molecule
drugs,
agrochemicals,
natural
products,
classified
according
targeted
bond
newly
formed
one.
Emphasis
is
devoted
identifying,
describing,
comparing
main
mechanistic
scenarios.
draws
critical
comparison
between
established
ionic
chemistry
photocatalyzed
radical-based
manifolds.
aims
establish
current
state-of-the-art
illustrate
key
unsolved
challenges
be
addressed
in
future.
authors
aim
introduce
general
readership
functionalization,
specialist
practitioners
evaluation
methodologies,
potential
for
improvement,
future
uncharted
directions.
Chemical Science,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(16), С. 4230 - 4247
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
This
review
explores
the
benefits
of
flow
chemistry
and
dispels
notion
that
it
is
a
mysterious
“black
box”,
demonstrating
how
can
push
boundaries
organic
synthesis
through
understanding
its
governing
principles.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
123(9), С. 5225 - 5261
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023
Because
sunlight
is
the
most
abundant
energy
source
on
earth,
it
has
huge
potential
for
practical
applications
ranging
from
sustainable
supply
to
light
driven
chemistry.
From
a
chemical
perspective,
excited
states
generated
by
make
thermodynamically
uphill
reactions
possible,
which
forms
basis
storage
into
fuels.
In
addition,
with
light,
open-shell
species
can
be
open
up
new
reaction
pathways
in
organic
synthesis.
Crucial
are
photosensitizers,
absorb
and
transfer
substrates
various
mechanisms,
processes
that
highly
depend
distance
between
molecules
involved.
Supramolecular
coordination
cages
well
studied
synthetically
accessible
vessels
single
cavities
guest
binding,
ensuring
close
proximity
of
different
components.
Due
high
modularity
their
size,
shape,
nature
metal
centers
ligands,
ideal
platforms
exploit
preorganization
photocatalysis.
Herein
we
focus
application
supramolecular
photocatalysis
artificial
photosynthesis
photo(redox)
catalysis.
Finally,
brief
overview
immobilization
strategies
provides
tools
implementing
devices.
This
review
inspiration
future
design
photocatalytic
host-guest
systems
producing
solar
fuels
complex
molecules.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
123(19), С. 11269 - 11335
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2023
Late-stage
functionalization
(LSF)
constitutes
a
powerful
strategy
for
the
assembly
or
diversification
of
novel
molecular
entities
with
improved
physicochemical
biological
activities.
LSF
can
thus
greatly
accelerate
development
medicinally
relevant
compounds,
crop
protecting
agents,
and
functional
materials.
Electrochemical
synthesis
has
emerged
as
an
environmentally
friendly
platform
transformation
organic
compounds.
Over
past
decade,
electrochemical
late-stage
(eLSF)
gained
major
momentum,
which
is
summarized
herein
up
to
February
2023.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
123(9), С. 5459 - 5520
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023
Biocatalysis
has
revolutionized
chemical
synthesis,
providing
sustainable
methods
for
preparing
various
organic
molecules.
In
enzyme-mediated
most
reactions
involve
molecules
operating
from
their
ground
states.
Over
the
past
25
years,
there
been
an
increased
interest
in
enzymatic
processes
that
utilize
electronically
excited
states
accessed
through
photoexcitation.
These
photobiocatalytic
a
diverse
array
of
reaction
mechanisms
are
complementary
to
one
another.
This
comprehensive
review
will
describe
state-of-the-art
strategies
photobiocatalysis
synthesis
until
December
2022.
Apart
reviewing
relevant
literature,
central
goal
this
is
delineate
mechanistic
differences
between
general
employed
field.
We
organize
based
on
relationship
photochemical
step
and
transformations.
The
include
studies,
substrate
scopes,
protein
optimization
strategies.
By
clearly
defining
mechanistically-distinct
chemistry,
we
hope
illuminate
future
synthetic
opportunities
area.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
145(13), С. 7600 - 7611
Опубликована: Март 23, 2023
Catalytic
C(sp3)-H
functionalization
has
provided
enormous
opportunities
to
construct
organic
molecules,
facilitating
the
derivatization
of
complex
pharmaceutical
compounds.
Within
this
framework,
direct
hydrogen
atom
transfer
(HAT)
photocatalysis
becomes
an
appealing
approach
goal.
However,
viable
substrates
utilized
in
these
protocols
are
limited,
and
site
selectivity
shows
preference
activated
thermodynamically
favored
bonds.
Herein,
we
describe
development
undirected
iron-catalyzed
borylation,
thiolation,
sulfinylation
reactions
enabled
by
photoinduced
ligand-to-metal
charge
(LMCT)
process.
These
exhibit
remarkably
broad
substrate
scope
(>150
examples
total),
most
importantly,
all
three
show
unconventional
regioselectivity,
with
occurrence
preferentially
at
distal
methyl
position.
The
procedures
operationally
simple
readily
scalable
provide
access
high-value
products
from
hydrocarbons
one
step.
Mechanistic
studies
control
experiments
indicate
that
afforded
is
not
only
relevant
HAT
species
but
also
largely
affected
use
boron-
sulfone-based
radical
acceptors.
ACS Catalysis,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(3), С. 1857 - 1878
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2022
A
highly
selective
and
divergent
synthesis
enables
access
to
various
molecules
has
garnered
broad
interest
from
not
only
organic
chemists
but
also
medicinal
biologists
who
work
with
chemical
libraries.
Since
the
20th
century,
such
transformations
have
been
achieved
using
transition-metal-catalyzed
reactions,
in
which
choice
of
catalyst
or
ligand
crucially
affects
selectivity.
Over
past
several
decades,
photocatalysts
attracted
a
considerable
amount
attention
because
they
provide
additional
ways
control
reaction
intermediates
product
selectivity
via
electron
energy
transfer.
From
this
perspective,
we
highlight
recent
development
switchable
syntheses
photocatalysts,
are
difficult
achieve
classical
catalytic
transformations.
