Paint particles in the marine environment: An overlooked component of microplastics

Water Research X, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12, С. 100110 - 100110

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2021

Because paint particles consist of a resin (polymer) combined with one or more additives, they bear compositional similarities microplastics. Despite these shared characteristics, however, are often undetected, deliberately overlooked evade classification in the pool micro-debris (all synthetic debris < 5 mm size), and particular marine setting where an extensive body microplastic literature exists. Accordingly, present paper provides critical insight into physico-chemical properties, sources, distributions, behaviour toxicity environment. Paint contain greater proportion additives than plastics and, consequently, brittle, angular, opaque, dense, heterogeneous layered microplastics equivalent dimensions. Land-based sources particles, including deteriorating disturbed coatings on roads building, transported to ocean other via urban runoff, water treatment facilities atmosphere. However, inputs enhanced significantly directly by disturbance, erosion weathering coastal structures, boats ships. Estimates particle emissions environment vary widely, calculated contributions total input as high 35%. Upper estimates consistent available (albeit limited) quantitative information relative abundance amongst material captured sea surface trawls ingested animals. Of greatest environmental concern is chemical compared similarly-sized debris. This results from contemporary historical use concentrations hazardous inorganic antifouling land-based paints, relatively ready mobilisation harmful ions, like Cu

Язык: Английский

---

Marine biofilms: diversity, interactions and biofouling

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(11), С. 671 - 684

Опубликована: Май 25, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Accelerated spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) induced by non-antibiotic conditions: Roles and mechanisms

Water Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 224, С. 119060 - 119060

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Identification and Quantification of Nanoplastics in Surface Water and Groundwater by Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56(8), С. 4988 - 4997

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2022

Nanoplastics (NPs) are currently considered an environmental pollutant of concern, but the actual extent NP pollution in water bodies remains unclear and there is not enough quantitative data to conduct proper risk assessments. In this study, a pretreatment method combining ultrafiltration (UF, 100 kDa) with hydrogen peroxide digestion subsequent detection pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was developed used identify quantify six selected NPs surface (SW) groundwater (GW), including poly(vinylchloride) (PVC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The results show that proposed could detect samples. Nearly all be detected at locations, while PVC, PMMA, PS, PET were frequently below limit groundwater. PP (32.9–69.9%) PE (21.3–44.3%) dominant components both groundwater, although significant differences levels attributed filtration efficiency riverbank, total mass concentrations 0.283–0.793 μg/L 0.021–0.203 (GW). Overall, study quantified complex aquatic environments for first time, filling gaps our knowledge about providing useful methodology important reference future research.

Язык: Английский

---

Estuarine plastisphere as an overlooked source of N2O production

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2022

"Plastisphere", microbial communities colonizing plastic debris, has sparked global concern for marine ecosystems. Microbiome inhabiting this novel human-made niche been increasingly characterized; however, whether the plastisphere holds crucial roles in biogeochemical cycling remains largely unknown. Here we evaluate potential of biotic and abiotic denitrification nitrous oxide (N2O) production estuaries. Biofilm formation provides anoxic conditions favoring denitrifiers. Comparing with surrounding bulk water, exhibits a higher denitrifying activity N2O production, suggesting an overlooked source. Regardless bacterial fungal denitrifications are main regulators instead chemodenitrification. However, contributions bacteria fungi different from those indicating distinct pattern plastisphere. These findings pinpoint as source, provide insights into new biotope Anthropocene.

Язык: Английский

---

Biofouling impacts on polyethylene density and sinking in coastal waters: A macro/micro tipping point?

Water Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 201, С. 117289 - 117289

Опубликована: Май 26, 2021

Biofouling causing an increase in plastic density and sinking is one of the hypotheses to account for unexpectedly low amount buoyant debris encountered at ocean surface. Field surveys show that polyethylene polypropylene, two most abundant plastics, both occur below surface sediments, experimental studies confirm biofouling can cause these plastics sink. However, quantifying actual fouled are rare, despite fact will determine transport eventual fate ocean. Here we investigated role microbial biofilms microplastic quantified changes natural communities coastal waters North Sea. Molecular data confirmed variety bacteria eukaryotes (including animals other multicellular organisms) colonizing over time. Fouling increased caused sinking, remained negatively even during winter with lower growth rates. Relative area alone, however, did not predict whether a piece sank. Due patchy colonization, fragmentation pieces may result smaller regaining buoyancy returning Our results suggest primarily organisms volume ratios (SA:V) 100 (generally above couple hundred micrometers size), this "tipping point" which become key players higher SA:V ratios, including fibers too small larger (multicellular) colonize.

Язык: Английский

---

Microplastic-associated pathogens and antimicrobial resistance in environment

Chemosphere, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 291, С. 133005 - 133005

Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

A review on marine plastisphere: biodiversity, formation, and role in degradation

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20, С. 975 - 988

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

The pollution of plastic waste has become an increasingly serious environmental crisis. Recently, been detected in various kinds environments, even human tissues, which is increasing threat to the ecosystems and humans. In ocean, eventually fragmentized into microplastics (MPs) under disruption physical chemical processes. MPs are colonized by microbial communities such as fungi, diatoms, bacteria, form biofilms on surface called "plastisphere". this review, we summarize studies related microorganisms plastisphere recent years describe species plastisphere, mainly including autotrophs. Secondly, explore interactions between plastisphere. depth ocean nutrients surrounding seawater can have a great impact community structure Finally, discuss types MP-degrading bacteria use "seed bank" theory speculate potential sources microorganisms. Challenges future research prospects also discussed.

Язык: Английский

---

Global Modeled Sinking Characteristics of Biofouled Microplastic

Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 126(4)

Опубликована: Март 20, 2021

Microplastic debris ending up at the sea surface has become a known major environmental issue. However, how microplastic particles move and when they sink in ocean remains largely unknown. Here, we model subject to biofouling (algal growth on substrate) estimate sinking timescales time reach depth where stop sinking. We combine NEMO-MEDUSA 2.0 output, that represents hydrodynamic biological properties of seawater, with particle-tracking framework. Different sizes densities (for different types plastic) are simulated, showing global distribution is size-dependent as opposed density-dependent. The smallest simulate (0.1 μm) start almost immediately around globe their trajectories take longest first (relative larger particles). In oligotrophic subtropical gyres low algal concentrations, between 1 0.01 mm do not within simulation 90 days. This suggests addition comparatively well-known physical processes, processes might also contribute accumulation floating plastic (of 1-0.01 mm) gyres. Particles μm due vertical advection, whereas equatorial Pacific more dependent biofouling. qualitative impacts seasonality small, however, localized sooner spring blooms seen. study maps affect virtual globally, which could ultimately impact budget.

Язык: Английский

---

Combined toxicity of micro/nanoplastics loaded with environmental pollutants to organisms and cells: Role, effects, and mechanism

Environment International, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 171, С. 107711 - 107711

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2022

Micro/nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and living organisms have been exposed to these substances for a long time. When MPs/NPs enter different organisms, they transport various pollutants, including heavy metals, persistent organic drugs, bacteria, viruses, from environment. On this basis, paper summarizes combined toxicity induced by accumulating contaminants entering through systematic review of 162 articles. Moreover, factors influencing toxic interactions critically discussed, thus highlighting dominant role relative concentrations effects. Furthermore, first time, we describe threats posed with other pollutants human health, as well their cytotoxic behavior mechanism. We found that "Trojan horse" effect nanoplastics can increase bioaccessibility environmental increasing carcinogenic risk humans. Simultaneously, complex cells observed be constantly dissociated due lysosomes. However, current research on intracellular release MP/NP-loaded is relatively poor, which hinders accurate vivo assessment pollutants. Based findings our critical review, recommend analyzing effects clarifying dose relationship each component pollutant cells, challenging yet crucial exploring mechanism pollution. In future, contribute establishing system modeling complete load-translocation toxicological MP/NP-based composite

Язык: Английский

---