Abstract.
Each
year,
commercial
ships
emit
over
1.2
Tg
of
particulate
matter
(PM)
pollution
into
the
atmosphere.
These
rely
on
combustion
heavy
fuel
oil,
which
contains
high
levels
sulfur,
large
aromatic
organic
compounds,
and
metals.
Vanadium
is
one
metals
most
commonly
associated
with
oil
often
used
as
a
tracer
for
PM
from
ship
exhaust.
Previous
studies
have
suggested
that
vanadium-containing
has
impacts
human
health
climate
due
to
its
toxicological
cloud
formation
properties,
respectively;
however,
distribution
in
atmosphere
not
fully
understood,
limits
our
ability
quantify
environmental
implications
emitted
by
ships.
Here,
we
present
data
obtained
Particle
Analysis
Laser
Mass
Spectrometry
(PALMS)
instrument
NASA
DC-8
aircraft
during
2016–2018
Atmospheric
Tomography
Mission
(ATom)
show
~1
%
accumulation
mode
particles
measured
marine
boundary
layer
central
Pacific
Atlantic
Ocean
contain
vanadium.
measurements,
were
made
without
targeting
plumes,
suggest
widespread
Furthermore,
observed
exhaust
at
altitudes
up
13
km,
demonstrates
all
are
immediately
removed
via
wet
deposition
processes.
In
addition,
using
laboratory
calibrations,
determined
can
few
wt
This
study
furthers
understanding
both
chemical
composition
ships,
will
allow
us
better
constrain
climate,
health,
air
quality
these
particle
types
future.
Atmospheric chemistry and physics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
24(14), С. 8263 - 8275
Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024
Abstract.
Each
year,
commercial
ships
emit
over
1.67
Tg
of
particulate
matter
(PM)
pollution
into
the
atmosphere.
These
rely
on
combustion
heavy
fuel
oil,
which
contains
high
levels
sulfur,
large
aromatic
organic
compounds,
and
metals.
Vanadium
is
one
metals
most
commonly
associated
with
oil
often
used
as
a
tracer
for
PM
from
ship
exhaust.
Previous
studies
have
suggested
that
vanadium-containing
has
impacts
human
health
climate
due
to
its
toxicological
cloud-formation
properties,
respectively;
however,
distribution
in
atmosphere
not
fully
understood,
limits
our
ability
quantify
environmental
implications
emitted
by
ships.
Here,
we
present
data
obtained
Particle
Analysis
Laser
Mass
Spectrometry
(PALMS)
instrument
NASA
DC-8
aircraft
during
2016–2018
Atmospheric
Tomography
Mission
(ATom)
show
∼
1
%
accumulation
mode
particles
measured
marine
boundary
layer
central
Pacific
Atlantic
oceans
contain
vanadium.
measurements,
were
made
without
targeting
plumes,
suggest
widespread
Furthermore,
observed
exhaust
at
altitudes
up
13
km,
demonstrates
all
are
immediately
removed
via
wet
deposition
processes.
In
addition,
using
laboratory
calibrations,
determined
can
few
weight
percent
This
study
furthers
understanding
both
chemical
composition
ships,
will
allow
us
better
constrain
climate,
health,
air
quality
these
particle
types
future.
We
note
collected
prior
2020
International
Maritime
Organization
(IMO)
sulfur
regulation
stand
reference
how
emissions
evolved
light
regulations.
Abstract.
Each
year,
commercial
ships
emit
over
1.2
Tg
of
particulate
matter
(PM)
pollution
into
the
atmosphere.
These
rely
on
combustion
heavy
fuel
oil,
which
contains
high
levels
sulfur,
large
aromatic
organic
compounds,
and
metals.
Vanadium
is
one
metals
most
commonly
associated
with
oil
often
used
as
a
tracer
for
PM
from
ship
exhaust.
Previous
studies
have
suggested
that
vanadium-containing
has
impacts
human
health
climate
due
to
its
toxicological
cloud
formation
properties,
respectively;
however,
distribution
in
atmosphere
not
fully
understood,
limits
our
ability
quantify
environmental
implications
emitted
by
ships.
Here,
we
present
data
obtained
Particle
Analysis
Laser
Mass
Spectrometry
(PALMS)
instrument
NASA
DC-8
aircraft
during
2016–2018
Atmospheric
Tomography
Mission
(ATom)
show
~1
%
accumulation
mode
particles
measured
marine
boundary
layer
central
Pacific
Atlantic
Ocean
contain
vanadium.
measurements,
were
made
without
targeting
plumes,
suggest
widespread
Furthermore,
observed
exhaust
at
altitudes
up
13
km,
demonstrates
all
are
immediately
removed
via
wet
deposition
processes.
In
addition,
using
laboratory
calibrations,
determined
can
few
wt
This
study
furthers
understanding
both
chemical
composition
ships,
will
allow
us
better
constrain
climate,
health,
air
quality
these
particle
types
future.
Abstract.
Each
year,
commercial
ships
emit
over
1.2
Tg
of
particulate
matter
(PM)
pollution
into
the
atmosphere.
These
rely
on
combustion
heavy
fuel
oil,
which
contains
high
levels
sulfur,
large
aromatic
organic
compounds,
and
metals.
Vanadium
is
one
metals
most
commonly
associated
with
oil
often
used
as
a
tracer
for
PM
from
ship
exhaust.
Previous
studies
have
suggested
that
vanadium-containing
has
impacts
human
health
climate
due
to
its
toxicological
cloud
formation
properties,
respectively;
however,
distribution
in
atmosphere
not
fully
understood,
limits
our
ability
quantify
environmental
implications
emitted
by
ships.
Here,
we
present
data
obtained
Particle
Analysis
Laser
Mass
Spectrometry
(PALMS)
instrument
NASA
DC-8
aircraft
during
2016–2018
Atmospheric
Tomography
Mission
(ATom)
show
~1
%
accumulation
mode
particles
measured
marine
boundary
layer
central
Pacific
Atlantic
Ocean
contain
vanadium.
measurements,
were
made
without
targeting
plumes,
suggest
widespread
Furthermore,
observed
exhaust
at
altitudes
up
13
km,
demonstrates
all
are
immediately
removed
via
wet
deposition
processes.
In
addition,
using
laboratory
calibrations,
determined
can
few
wt
This
study
furthers
understanding
both
chemical
composition
ships,
will
allow
us
better
constrain
climate,
health,
air
quality
these
particle
types
future.
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Abstract
Chemicals
of
emerging
concern
(CECs),
like
organophosphate
esters
(OPEs),
are
toxic
substances
threatening
human/wildlife
health.
Yet
the
atmospheric
transformation
CECs
remains
poorly
understood.
Here
we
combine
field
measurements
and
partitioning
models
to
test
hypothesis
that
secondary
formation
OPEs
could
be
enhanced
by
heterogenous
processes
in
aerosols.
We
found
hydrophobic
absorbed
favorably
into
organic
phase,
whereas
hydrophilic
preferably
partition
aqueous
phase.
provide
evidence
occurs
winter,
magnitude
is
strongly
dependent
on
aerosol
water
content.
suggest
dissolved
inorganic
salts
transitional
metals
aerosols
impact
positively
particle-bound
OPEs,
facilitating
their
and/or
oxidation.
Our
findings
highlight
important
role
oxidation
chemistry
for
fate
atmosphere,
urging
a
better
consideration
products
future
risk
assessment
chemicals
management.
Abstract.
Each
year,
commercial
ships
emit
over
1.2
Tg
of
particulate
matter
(PM)
pollution
into
the
atmosphere.
These
rely
on
combustion
heavy
fuel
oil,
which
contains
high
levels
sulfur,
large
aromatic
organic
compounds,
and
metals.
Vanadium
is
one
metals
most
commonly
associated
with
oil
often
used
as
a
tracer
for
PM
from
ship
exhaust.
Previous
studies
have
suggested
that
vanadium-containing
has
impacts
human
health
climate
due
to
its
toxicological
cloud
formation
properties,
respectively;
however,
distribution
in
atmosphere
not
fully
understood,
limits
our
ability
quantify
environmental
implications
emitted
by
ships.
Here,
we
present
data
obtained
Particle
Analysis
Laser
Mass
Spectrometry
(PALMS)
instrument
NASA
DC-8
aircraft
during
2016–2018
Atmospheric
Tomography
Mission
(ATom)
show
~1
%
accumulation
mode
particles
measured
marine
boundary
layer
central
Pacific
Atlantic
Ocean
contain
vanadium.
measurements,
were
made
without
targeting
plumes,
suggest
widespread
Furthermore,
observed
exhaust
at
altitudes
up
13
km,
demonstrates
all
are
immediately
removed
via
wet
deposition
processes.
In
addition,
using
laboratory
calibrations,
determined
can
few
wt
This
study
furthers
understanding
both
chemical
composition
ships,
will
allow
us
better
constrain
climate,
health,
air
quality
these
particle
types
future.