Plastics aplenty in paddy lands: incidence of microplastics in Indian rice fields and ecotoxicity on paddy field phytoplankton

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 197(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Flocs as vectors for microplastics in the aquatic environment

Nature Water, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(11), С. 1082 - 1090

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2024

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) are an important component of suspended particulate matter in aquatic environments with two main transport modes, that is, as individual entities or flocs. Despite its importance to MP pollution management, understanding and predicting flocculation remains a challenge. In this Article, we combined meta-analysis published data (>2,000 measurements) new experimental (>4,000 investigate which size fraction MPs can be incorporated into transported by flocs the environment. The relationship between used predict various environments, have proposed mathematical model show small (<162 µm) predominantly flocs, regardless physicochemical characteristics water body. This provides valuable information modes MPs, presenting critical insight for multiple environmental settings future control strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Microplastic Contamination of a Benthic Ecosystem in a Hydrothermal Vent

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(17), С. 7636 - 7642

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

Plastic contamination is a global pervasive issue, extending from coastal areas and open oceans to polar regions even the deep sea. Microplastic (MP) in hydrothermal vents, which are known for their high biodiversity under extreme conditions, has remained largely unexplored. Here, we present, first time, MP pollution deep-sea vent at one of hotspots─the Central Indian Ridge. Not only environment (seawater: 2.08 ± 1.04 MPs/L, surface sediments: 0.57 0.19 MP/g) but also all six major benthic species investigated were polluted by MPs. MPs mainly consisted polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene fragments ≤100 μm characterized as being either transparent or white color. Remarkably, bioaccumulation biomagnification microplastics observed top predators ecosystem, such squat lobsters (14.25 4.65 MPs/individual) crabs (14.00 2.16 MPs/individual), since they contained more than animals lower trophic levels (e.g., mussels snails, 1.75–6.00 average MPs/individuals). These findings reveal an ecosystem vent, thereby suggesting that accumulation magnification can occur top-level animals, within remote environments.

Язык: Английский

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Vertical Flux of Microplastics in the Deep Subtropical Pacific Ocean: Moored Sediment-Trap Observations within the Kuroshio Extension Recirculation Gyre

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(36), С. 16121 - 16130

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2024

The Kuroshio Extension recirculation gyre in the western North Pacific is an accumulation site of plastic litter transported by Current. A sediment trap was moored at a depth 4900 m Station KEO within gyre, and vertical flux microplastics sinking particles size <1 mm observed. Forty-one sediment-trap samples collected from July 1, 2014, to October 2, 2016, were analyzed with micro-Fourier transform infrared spectrometer detected all samples. Seventeen polymer types identified, 90% less than 100 μm size. Microplastic driven action biological pump, which turn seasonal variations solar radiation increased surface primary production typical spring season. mass varied 4.5 × 10–3 0.38 mg m–2 day–1 during sampling period, mean standard deviation 0.054 ± 0.075 day–1. Extrapolating annual microplastic entire it estimated that 0.028 million metric tons are annually this area.

Язык: Английский

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Pelagic microplastics in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: A prevalent anthropogenic component of the particulate organic carbon pool

PNAS Nexus, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Due to its ever-increasing ocean inputs, fossil-based microplastics (MP) comprise a considerable constituent in the particulate organic carbon (POC) pool, which is instrumental biogeochemical cycling. Their distribution within oceanic water column and underpinning processes, however, remain unclear. Here we show that MP prevail throughout of eastern North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, comprising 334 #/m3 (84.5% plastic particles <100 µm), with exponential relationships between concentrations depth upper 500-m layer marked accumulation below this layer. Our results suggest biological pump (BCP) strongly contributes redistribution terms polymer type, material density particle size, turn could influence efficiency matter export deep sea. We further 14C-depleted predictably are an emerging nonneglectable perturbation radiocarbon signatures through depletion 14C/C ratio POC pool. data provide insight into vertical flux highlight potential role alternating marine pool interactions BCP.

Язык: Английский

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Does water column stratification influence the vertical distribution of microplastics?

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 340, С. 122865 - 122865

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2023

Microplastic pollution has been confirmed in all marine compartments. However, information on the sub-surface microplastics (MPs) abundance is still limited. The vertical distribution of MPs can be influenced by water column stratification due to masses contrasting density. In this study, we investigated relation structure at nine sites Kattegat/Skagerrak (Denmark) October 2020.A CTD was used determine and pycnocline depth before sampling. Plastic-free pump-filter sampling devices were collect from samples (1-3 m3) different depths. concentration (MPs m-3) ranged 18 87 MP m-3 (Median: 40 m-3; n = 9) surface waters. mid waters, concentrations 16 157 31 6), while deeper depths, 13 95 34 9). There no significant difference between Regardless depth, polyester (47%), polypropylene (24%), polyethylene (10%), polystyrene (9%) dominating polymers. Approximately 94% fell within size range 11-300 μm across High-density polymers accounted for 68% MPs, low-density 32% Overall, our results show that are ubiquitous deep waters; did not find any impact density despite strong Kattegat/Skagerrak.

Язык: Английский

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Vertical flux of microplastic, a case study in the Southern Ocean, South Georgia

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 193, С. 115117 - 115117

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2023

Estimated plastic debris floating at the ocean surface varies depending on modelling approaches, with some suggesting unaccounted sinks for marine due to mismatches between predicted enter and that accounted surface. A major knowledge gap relates vertical sinking of oceanic plastic. We used an array sediment traps combined optical microscopy Raman spectroscopy measure microplastic flux 50 150 m water depth over 24 h within a natural harbour sub-Antarctic island South Georgia. This region is influenced by fishing, tourism, research activity. found 69 % decrease in from (306 pieces/m

Язык: Английский

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Low-Density Plastic Debris Dispersion beneath the Mediterranean Sea Surface

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(19), С. 7503 - 7515

Опубликована: Май 1, 2023

Plastic is a widespread marine pollutant, with most studies focusing on the distribution of floating plastic debris at sea surface. Recent evidence, however, indicates significant presence such low density in water column and seafloor, but information its origin dispersion lacking. Here, we studied pathways fate sinking Mediterranean Sea, one polluted world seas. We used recent Lagrangian plastic-tracking model, forced realistic parameters, including maximum estimated speed 7.8 m/d. Our simulations showed that locations where particles left surface differed significantly from those they reached lateral transport distances between 119 282 km. Furthermore, 60% deposited bottom coastal strip (20 km wide) were released vessels, 20% facing country, other countries. Theoretical considerations furthermore suggested biological activities potentially responsible for occur throughout column. findings indicate responsibility seafloor pollution shared among countries, potential impact pelagic benthic biota.

Язык: Английский

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Abundance and composition of small floating plastics in the eastern and southern sectors of the Atlantic Ocean

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 193, С. 115109 - 115109

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Progress in selecting marine bioindicators for nanoplastics ecological risk assessment

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 154, С. 110836 - 110836

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2023

Nanoplastic (<1 µm) pollution in the marine environment is a cause of growing concern due to current difficulties measuring their occurrence abiotic and biotic matrices, with consequent uncertainties on ecological risk for natural communities associated ecosystem services. Most investigations dealing nano-ecotoxicity have been conducted bench-scale by examining effects single model species under short-term exposure conditions at high concentrations (>50 mgL−1). Both negligible impacts detrimental effects, although poorly descriptive real environmental scenarios, documented different trophic levels functionalities. Polystyrene nanospheres (<100 nm) are far most tested as proxy nanoplastics, even though nanoplastics composed other polymers shapes (i.e., irregular fibers) has reported seawater column sediments. Limited information bioaccumulation hamper selection key bioindicator following various criteria target, highly sensitive, endangered, etc) monitoring assessment (ERA) purposes. A holistic approach thus required starting from setting environmentally relevant coupled chronic exposure, selecting bioindicators including those having role processes, functions services, also human consumption (shellfish seafood). The present mini-review aims provide framework best nanoplastic along knowledge sources, circulation behavior temperate polar environments potential compartments/species more support ERA. Less investigated niches habitats, which should deserve attention future studies, identified.

Язык: Английский

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