Abstract.
A
multi-lidar
system,
mounted
in
vehicle
to
monitor
the
profiles
of
temperature,
wind
and
particle
optical
properties,
was
utilized
investigate
winter
fine
particulate
matter
(PM2.5)
pollution
for
a
vertical
perspective,
four
cities
China
2018.
We
observed
enhancement
surface
nocturnal
PM2.5
two
typical
plain
(Changzhou
Wangdu),
which
attributed
subsidence
transported
from
upstream
polluted
areas,
with
turning
north
downdrafts
dominating.
Combining
PM2.5,
reanalysis
meteorological
data,
GEOS-Chem
model
simulation,
we
revealed
Transport-Nocturnal
Enhancement
by
Subsidence
(T-NPES)
events
occurred
frequently
cities,
percentages
12.2
%
18.0
%,
respectively
during
Dec.
2018–Feb.
2019.
Furthermore,
simulation
further
confirmed
that
ubiquity
T-NPES
large
scale
including
North
Plain
Yangtze
River
Delta.
Process
analysis
closely
correlated
southeasterly
movement
high-pressure
system
passage
cold
front,
resulting
increase
temperature
aloft,
stronger
inversion
layer,
accumulation
atmospheric
boundary
layer.
Thus,
conceptual
proposed
highlight
this
mechanism
these
regions.
However,
it
not
applicable
basin
region
(Xi’an
Chengdu),
due
obstruction
weather
mountains
surrounding
basin.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024
Abstract
Electrocatalytic
nitrate
reduction
reaction
(NO
3
RR)
driven
by
renewable
energy
is
a
promising
technology
for
the
removal
of
nitrate‐containing
wastewater.
However,
sluggish
kinetics
resulted
from
complex
proton‐coupled
electron
transfer
and
various
intermediates
remain
key
barriers
large‐scale
application
NO
RR.
Herein,
tactic
reported
to
raise
rate
RR
increase
selectivity
N
2
using
bimetal
catalyst:
Co
inclined
act
on
steps
needed
in
process,
rate‐determining
step
(RDS:
*NO
,
asterisk
means
intermediates)
subsequent
*N
hydrogenation
as
well
Fe
exhibits
efficient
activity
selectivity‐
determining
(SDS:
then
)
via
relay
catalysis
mechanism.
A
efficiency
78.5%
an
ultra‐long
cycle
stability
60
cycles
(12
h
per
cycle)
are
achieved
FeCo
alloy
confined
with
nitrogen‐doped
porous
carbon
nanofibers
(FeCo‐NPCNFs).
DFT
calculations
unveil
that
introduction
active
site
not
only
regulates
d‐band
center
alloy,
optimizes
adsorption
intermediates,
but
also
has
strong
capacity
supply
hydrogen
species.
Clearly,
this
study
elucidates
effects
bimetallic
performance
electrocatalytic
offers
avenues
designing
Fe‐based
catalysts
realize
nitrogen‐neutral
cycle.
Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
10(15), С. 4526 - 4533
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Fe/support
catalysts
exhibit
excellent
electrochemical
NO
3
RR
performance
owing
to
the
strong
metal–support
interaction
(SMSI)
between
Fe
active
sites
and
supports.
Environment International,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 109394 - 109394
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Atmospheric
particulate
nitrate
(pNO3-),
a
crucial
component
of
fine
matter,
significantly
contributes
to
haze
pollution.
The
formation
pNO3-
is
driven
by
multiple
factors
including
meteorology,
emissions,
and
atmospheric
chemistry.
Understanding
the
key
drivers
developing
an
accurate
physically
meaningful
method
for
timely
assessment
direct
causes
pollution
are
essential.
In
this
study,
we
propose
multi-module
data-driven
integrated
framework
that
incorporates
improves
four
distinct
machine
learning
modules.
This
enhances
physical
interpretability
statistical
outcomes
driving
pNO3-,
quantifies
impacts
on
reveals
emission
reduction
trends.
Our
findings
show
meteorology
emissions
affect
35.3
%
64.7
%,
respectively,
while
chemistry
(48.0
%)
humidity
(17.1
its
formation.
Photochemistry
promotes
in
summer,
whereas
liquid-phase
reactions
dominate
winter
at
higher
levels
(>60
%).
industry
source
(IS)
(14.3
%),
combustion
(CS)
(12.8
transportation
(TS)
(11.8
main
sources.
primary
transformation
NOx
emitted
from
CS
TS
more
sensitive
changes
meteorological
conditions,
controlling
has
greater
benefits
reduce
pNO3-.
proposed
could
provide
reliable
identifying
different
events,
supporting
formulation
control
measures.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 7, 2025
High
concentrations
of
particulate
matter
severely
degrade
air
quality
and
pose
significant
threats
to
public
health.
Nitrate-driven
pollution
has
long
been
recognized
as
a
primary
contributor
haze
formation
at
the
ground
surface
in
Beijing.
Here,
comprehensive
observations
N2O5
related
species
were
conducted
using
unique
528
m
platform
Elevated
(1.3
ppb,
1
h
average)
recorded.
The
average
nighttime
nitrate
production
rate
from
heterogeneous
hydrolysis
was
5.8
μg·m-3·h-1,
while
partitioning
HNO3
night
significantly
contributes
with
an
7.6
μg·m-3·h-1.
As
result,
chemical
processes
dominated
by
N2O5-NO3
contribute
approximately
65%
total
source.
Using
large
eddy
simulation
model,
peak
transfers
14.1
μg//m3
residual
layer
found,
contribution
up
43%
during
morning
compared
simultaneous
measurements.
Entrainment
effects
even
persisted
into
afternoon,
highlighting
vital
thermal
shear
turbulence
mixing.
Sensitivity
tests
further
suggest
that
reducing
NOx
emissions
boundary-layer
mixing
could
effectively
mitigate
formation,
thereby
improving
ground-level
quality.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 28, 2025
Reducing
fine
particulate
nitrate
(pNO3-)
is
critical
for
further
mitigating
PM2.5
pollution
in
China.
However,
previous
NOx
emission
reductions
have
failed
to
achieve
the
expected
pNO3-
decreases.
The
present
study
reports
that
concentration
summer
increased
by
55.8%
and
5.6%
at
North
China
Peak
(1534
m
a.s.l.)
from
2007
2014
2021,
respectively.
formation
enhancement
was
caused
mainly
decreased
aerosol
acidity
due
notable
SO42-
reduction.
changed
a
process
limited
NH4+
one
colimited
NO2
NH4+,
suggesting
an
effect
of
reduction
on
decreasing
production.
Vertical
transport
represents
significant
source
near
surface,
illustrating
percentage
as
high
98%
recorded
during
daytime
hours
proportion
34%
dark
over
simulation
scenario
2020.
scheme
reduce
emissions
10%
2020
2025
predicted
slowly
decrease
aloft
China,
which
may
facilitate
concentrations
surface
via
vertical
transport.
inflection
chemistry
top
boundary
layer
suggests
opportunity
accelerate
under
projected
reductions.
Atmosphere,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(6), С. 685 - 685
Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2025
Ammonium
nitrate
(NH4NO3)
is
a
major
constituent
of
fine
particulate
matter
(PM2.5),
playing
critical
role
in
air
quality
and
atmospheric
chemistry.
However,
the
dual
regulatory
ammonia
(NH3)
both
formation
volatilization
NH4NO3
under
ambient
conditions
remains
inadequately
understood.
To
address
this
gap,
we
conducted
high-resolution
field
measurements
at
clean
tropical
coastal
site
China
using
an
integrated
system
Aerosol
Ion
Monitor-Ion
Chromatography,
Scanning
Mobility
Particle
Sizer,
online
OC/EC
analyzers.
These
observations
were
complemented
by
thermodynamic
modeling
(E-AIM)
source
apportionment
via
Positive
Matrix
Factorization
(PMF)
model.
The
E-AIM
simulations
revealed
persistent
disequilibrium,
with
NO3−
tending
to
volatilize
even
NH3gas-rich
during
northeast
monsoon.
This
suggests
that
PM2.5
forms
rapidly
within
fresh
combustion
plumes
and/or
those
modified
non-precipitation
clouds
then
undergoes
substantial
evaporation
as
it
disperses
through
atmosphere.
Under
southeast
monsoon
conditions,
reactions
constrained
sea
salt
aerosols
became
dominant,
promoting
while
suppressing
despite
ongoing
plume
influence.
In
scenarios
regional
accumulation,
elevated
NH3
concentrations
suppressed
volatilization,
thereby
enhancing
stability
PM2.5.
PMF
analysis
identified
five
factors,
primarily
associated
emissions
from
local
power
plants
large-scale
background,
showing
marked
seasonal
variability.
findings
highlight
complex
dynamic
interplay
between
atmospheres.
