Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. e00242 - e00242
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(11), С. 1254 - 1259
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024
A growing number of recent studies have reported the global environmental occurrence bis(perfluoroalkanesulfonyl)imides (bis-FASIs). While shorter-chain bis-FASIs such as NTf2 (aka bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide or bistriflimide) are often tied to battery and energy sectors, aqueous film-forming foams may be potential sources longer-chain bis-FASIs. As remediation technologies for destruction these persistent per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) urgently needed but not yet been identified, we investigated effectiveness incineration using quantum chemical calculations. At temperatures around 600 °C, parent readily decompose through carbon–sulfur bond cleavage a minor extent nitrogen–sulfur cleavage. However, mineralization released perfluoroalkyl substituent HF CO2 only proceeds at >900 °C. Temperature requirements slightly increase with chain length due time required break additional C–C bonds. Under conditions ≥1000 °C typical secondary combustion units in hazardous waste incinerators, complete thermal is viable given all other process variables optimized. The same true treatment operating lower gas-phase unless catalytic effects activation barriers.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2024
Firefighting foam is a significant source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pollution, yet the PFAS profiles in formulations, particularly China, remain unclear. Here, using target nontarget analyses, we investigated 50 firefighting foams currently utilized identified novel PFAS, discovered new end products through total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay. We 54 compounds (spanning 34 classes containing seven PFAS) with concentrations 0.03-21.21 mM. Among four met persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity criteria, another had highest ToxPi score among PFAS. Moreover, predominant varied significantly studied differed markedly from those used other countries. After TOP assay, analysis uncovered 1.1-55.5% more precursors 8.25-55.5% fluorine equivalents compared to traditional combined Specifically, three double-bond perfluorinated alcohols were for first time as This study provides crucial information pollution control risk assessment associated applications emphasizes importance combining assay uncovering unknown precursors.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 137392 - 137392
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
ACS ES&T Water, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 489, С. 137518 - 137518
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 967, С. 178644 - 178644
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025
This manuscript systematically reviews 156 peer-reviewed articles on methods for estimating total per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), following preferred reporting items systematic meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Direct indirect of PFAS include targeted analysis, fluorine (TF), organic (TOF), extractable (EOF), absorbable (AOF), oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay. Combustion ion chromatography (CIC) was the most utilized method (>50%), followed by particle-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE, 9%) high-resolution-continuum source graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-GFMAS, 6%). Techniques like instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were less common. A geographic bias evident, with 69% studies from US (33%), Sweden (12%), China Germany (11%). Most research environmental samples (water, soil, sediments), while significant data gaps noted in South America, Africa, atmospheric PFAS. Challenges inter-laboratory comparisons arise inconsistent units (e.g., mg/L, μg/m3, %, etc.). About 75% involved pre-treatment solvent extraction, sorbents), 25% did not. detection limit observed concentrations varied widely, low water (ng/L) to higher levels biota, products (mg/L). Limitations contradictory results when complementary techniques are applied same sample, potentially leading over- or under-estimation. Across studies, a substantial fraction TF remains unaccounted for, highlighting need non-targeted screening (NTS) identify unknown (UPFAS UOPFAS). Bridging these is critical advancing risk assessment.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Environment International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 198, С. 109444 - 109444
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Fluorine-related industrial discharges are the main source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination in surrounding surface waters, but long-term environmental impacts their residual PFAS interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) field waters have rarely been discussed. In this study, concentrations 32 target were quantified, 50 identified semi-quantified by suspect nontarget screening, molecular characteristics DOM analyzed water Shanghai. Concentrations ∑PFAS 284 ∼ 3018 ng/L. Perfluorobutane sulfonate acid (PFBS) perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) remained predominant compounds at most sampling sites, hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer (HFPO-TA) exhibited extremely high values a few specific sites. Near historical fluorotelomer manufacturer which was closed 2017, concentration still high-level 1800 Thirteen including 7 iodinated perfluoroalkyl acids (IPFAAs) 100 % samples. A total 8134 formulas identified. For elemental composition, CHOS (24 %) has highest percentage, while for species, lignin (36 proportion molecules. When assignment fluorine included analysis, percentage fluorine-containing reached to 55 %, suggesting anthropogenic influences. Emerging PFAS, i.e., perfluoropentanoic (PFPeA) dimer (HFPO-DA) negatively related (p < 0.05) due microorganism activities. This study revealed persistent impact fluorine-related industries behavior aquatic environments, providing support systematic comprehensive evaluation health.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Май 12, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 121865 - 121865
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Май 16, 2025
Due to the lack of transparency in production and applications emerging per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), it is a huge challenge grasp real PFAS pollution profile specific region or industry by target analysis. This study collected extensive samples across China, including municipal wastewater from 9 major cities various manufacturing stages at 3 large semiconductor factories. Suspect nontarget screening were conducted along with analysis, 82 25 classes identified. Notably, this first investigate contamination on Chinese mainland. Moreover, 13 reported for time worldwide wastewater, multiple hydrosubstituted perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (mH-PFCA), ether-inserted PFCA (OPFCA), alcohol (PA) derivatives. The highest total concentrations target, suspect, (12 μg/L) substantially higher than those measured all (25-950 ng/L). composition varied regionally wastewater. Total oxidizable precursor assay revealed presence unknown precursors (0.043-0.83 nmol/L), which cannot be directly monitored but may pose greater risk water treatment discharge processes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0