Recent Trends of Recycling and Upcycling of Polymers and Composites: A Comprehensive Review

Recycling, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(3), С. 37 - 37

Опубликована: Май 6, 2024

This review article gathers the most recent recycling technologies for thermoset and thermoplastic polymers. Results about existing experimental procedures their effectiveness are presented. For polymers, focuses mainly on fibre-reinforced polymer composites, with an emphasis epoxy-based systems carbon/glass fibres as reinforcement, due to environmental concerns of end-of-life management. Thermal processes (fluidised bed, pyrolysis) chemical (different types solvolysis) discussed. The combined (microwave, steam, ultrasonic assisted techniques) extraordinary attempts (electrochemical, biological, ionic liquids) analysed. Mechanical that leads downgrading materials is excluded. Insights also given upcycling methodologies have been implemented until now reuse fibres. As state-of-the-art approach common matrices presented, together appropriate additivation matrix upcycling. Mechanical, chemical, enzymatic described, among others. use composites quite new, thus, achievements With all above information, this extensive can serve a guide educational purposes, targeting students technicians in polymers recycling.

Язык: Английский

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Kinetics and debromination studies on the pyrolysis of waste printed circuit boards with the addition of copper and copper oxides

Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 443, С. 141141 - 141141

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Physicochemical reactions in e-waste recycling

Nature Reviews Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(8), С. 569 - 586

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Recovery of chemicals and energy through thermo-chemical processing of plastic waste

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 108, С. 101219 - 101219

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Current progresses in the analysis, treatment and resource utilization of industrial waste salt in China: A comprehensive review

Resources Conservation and Recycling, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 217, С. 108224 - 108224

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Sustainable thermochemical plastic valorization towards a circular economy: a critical review

Green Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Emerging technologies-empowered thermochemical plastic valorization is developed for value-added products in green and practical manner, which are beneficial to achieving circular economy several UN sustainable development goals.

Язык: Английский

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Synergistic flame retardancy of poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-piperazine) particle with aluminum diethylphosphinate in epoxy resin

Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2024

Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) was reacted with piperazine to obtain poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-piperazine) particle (PCPS), which used as the flame retardant for epoxy resin (EP). The structure of PCPS determined by various methods. When alone and addition amount in prepared flame-retardant EP (FR-EP) reached 4%, obtained FR-EP cannot even pass V-1 level Vertical burning (UL-94) test. However, showed a synergistic retardancy aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP). mixture ADP 4% weight ratio 3:1, FR-EP, EP-ADP/PCPS3:1, V-0 UL-94 limiting oxygen index (LOI) value EP-ADP/PCPS3:1 29.7%. Compared pure EP, peak heat release rate micro-combustion calorimetry (MCC) test reduced 20.6%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) result that, PCPS, char residual increased about 5.1% compared EP. combination significant advantage promoting mechanical properties hardly decreased PCPS.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the degradation and products of thermo-oxidation of polyimide-based engineering plastics

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 181, С. 106575 - 106575

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

With the ever-growing concern regarding plastic waste and its impact on environment, understanding degradation pathways of polyimide (PI)-based plastics becomes increasingly crucial for developing sustainable management strategies. This study investigated thermo-oxidative PI-based plastics, including PI, polyamide-imide (PAI), polyetherimide (PEI). We used techniques thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, an in situ heated electron spin resonance spectrometer, a customized pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) system. The TGA results revealed that onset temperature exceeded 460 °C. PI was promoted under air, while PAI delayed. For PEI, air coincided with initial decomposition N2, followed by oxidation residual solid. Changes chemical structures were during characterization samples treated above 400 char, obtained high yield, notably contained N-rich functional groups. Real-time using Py-GC/MS pyrolysis produced gases such as NH3, HCN, H2O, CO, CO2, NH3 HCN being converted into NOx atmosphere air. generated N-containing compounds, aromatic amines, nitriles, phthalimides. In contrast, PEI various phenolic compounds owing to presence ether newly formed p-benzoquinone, identified provides comprehensive insights unique thermal oxidative stabilities holds potential recovering high-value materials from plastics.

Язык: Английский

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Elemental mercury removal by copper-containing brominated pyrolytic chars derived from waste printed circuit boards

Fuel, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 372, С. 132212 - 132212

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Effects of polymer matrix and temperature on pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol A: Product profiles and transformation pathways

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 474, С. 134806 - 134806

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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