Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2025

This study quantifies evaporative volatile organic compound emissions from China 3 to 6 standard vehicles using a variable temperature sealed housing determination system. Total hydrocarbon (THC) emission factors during diurnal breathing losses (DBL) exhibited distinct temporal trends: the averages were 0.58, 0.87, 0.40, and 0.18 g·day-1 for DBL day 1 (0-24 h) escalating 2.97, 2.88, 0.41, 0.21 2 (24-48 across standards. Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry identified 197 reactive gases (ROGs), with oxygenated nitrogen-containing compounds contributing 20% ± 11%, 18% 9%, 13% 9% hot soak losses, 1, 2, respectively. Alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, carbonyls/ketones dominated ROG (44%-99% combined). The composition shifted significantly high-, normal-, low-emitting vehicles: traditional hydrocarbons decreased progressively, while increased, attenuating hydroxyl radical reactivity (OHR) reduction. Temperature-dependent experiments revealed proportional increases in THC key per unit increase, well-characterized by exponential functions. Controlling regulating species adopting near-zero reduces aerosol/ozone formation, carbonyl/ketone shifts modern fleets highlight evolving atmospheric impacts, requiring tailored control strategies.

Язык: Английский