Impervious surface cover and number of restaurants shape diet variation in an urban carnivore

Ecosphere, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract In the past decade, studies have demonstrated that urban and nonurban wildlife populations exhibit differences in foraging behavior diet. However, little is known about how environmental heterogeneity shapes dietary variation of organisms within cities. We examined vertebrate prey components diets coyotes ( Canis latrans ) San Francisco to quantify territory‐ individual‐level determine within‐city land cover use affects coyote genotyped fecal samples for individual identification used DNA metabarcoding diet composition niche differentiation. The highest contributor overall was anthropogenic food followed by small mammals. most frequently detected species were domestic chicken, pocket gopher Thomomys bottae ), pig, raccoon Procyon lotor ). Diet varied significantly across territories among individuals, with explaining variation. Within (i.e., family groups), amount attributed among‐individual increased green space decreased impervious surface cover. quantity scats also positively correlated cover, suggesting consumed more human urbanized territories. invasive, human‐commensal rodents number services a territory. Overall, our results revealed substantial intraspecific associated landscape point diversifying effect urbanization on population

Язык: Английский

---

Historical redlining is associated with disparities in wildlife biodiversity in four California cities

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(25)

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2024

Legacy effects describe the persistent, long-term impacts on an ecosystem following removal of abiotic or biotic feature. Redlining, a policy that codified racial segregation and disinvestment in minoritized neighborhoods, has produced legacy with profound urban structure health. These legacies have detrimentally impacted public health outcomes, socioeconomic stability, environmental However, collateral redlining wildlife communities are uncertain. Here, we investigated whether faunal biodiversity was associated redlining. We used home-owner loan corporation (HOLC) maps [grades A (i.e., “best” “greenlined”), B, C, D “hazardous” “redlined”)] across four cities California contributory science data (iNaturalist) to estimate alpha beta diversity six clades (mammals, birds, insects, arachnids, reptiles, amphibians) as function HOLC grade. found greenlined unique species were detected less sampling effort, redlined neighborhoods needing over 8,000 observations detect same number species. Historically had lower native nonnative richness compared each city, disparities remaining at clade level. Further, community composition diversity) consistently differed among grades for all cities, including large differences assemblage observed between green neighborhoods. Our work spotlights lasting social injustices ecology emphasizing conservation management efforts must incorporate antiracist, justice-informed lens improve environments.

Язык: Английский

---

Exploring Demographic Disparities in Private Well Water Testing in North Carolina

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

The natural, built, and social environments shape drinking water quality supplied by private wells. However, the combined effects of these factors are not well understood. Using North Carolina as a case study, we (i) estimate demographic characteristics population; (ii) evaluate representation in testing records; (iii) demonstrate how spatial scale influences knowledge well-using household demographics testing. We leverage statewide database 117,960 records collected over 20 years national model predicting locations. An estimated 25% households identify Black, Indigenous, Persons Color (BIPOC) 15% have incomes below poverty threshold. While there is robust sampling (an average 4,269 wells tested annually), observed that most were from predominately White block groups (BGs). Well-using did participate state 2.4 times more likely to be BIPOC BGs compared BGs. Due heterogeneity population, differences populations evident using higher resolution data. Multifaceted approaches couple government-driven efforts with localized studies engage underrepresented communities needed facilitate evidence-based management.

Язык: Английский

---

Legacies of past housing discrimination in the present-day urban forest of a moderate-sized US city

Urban forestry & urban greening, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 128679 - 128679

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Pathways between people, wildlife and environmental justice in cities

People and Nature, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Abstract Wildlife are increasingly recognized as critical to urban ecosystems, but the impacts and benefits of wildlife on people in cities poorly understood. Environmental justice scholarship has concluded that elements environment can create or exacerbate social inequity, human–wildlife interactions have not been considered through this lens. We conducted a literature review wildlife, environmental justice. triangulated between these three bodies identify trends, gaps research needs. identified six pathways which presence absence, management may lead injustice for people. Our shows affect nearly all aspects life people, including economics, participation decision‐making, patterns space, human health, psychological well‐being cultural discourses. Through pathways, disproportionately marginalized vulnerable communities affluent residents. Contemporary intersections planning, histories systemic bias existing injustices cities. Synthesis applications . Though often characterized ‘good’ ‘bad’ based their effects we conclude dichotomy perpetuates wildlife. Instead, argue ‘just city’ fosters healthy populations equitable decision‐making. The lay out here offer road map incorporating into management. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

---

Differential effects of air pollution exposure on mental health: Historical redlining in New York State

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 948, С. 174516 - 174516

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Human densities, not pollution, affect urban coyote boldness and exploration

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Comparative studies show that urban coyotes behave differently from their rural counterparts. However, these often treat cities as homogeneous. Cities feature diverse pressures for wildlife, such variable human densities and environmental hazards, two factors are known to drive increased risk-taking. Thus, this heterogeneity creates a shifting landscape of risk, which may locally adapted behavioral strategies within cities. Yet, the influence on coyote behavior is not well understood. To investigate this, we conducted novel object testing at 24 sites across gradients density pollution. We recorded detections responses object, focusing time spent alert, close, total exploration. found varied with both pollution, being markedly lower in areas high Coyote boldness (time alert close) exploration were uniformly associated density, human-dense displaying elevated heightened Our results suggest impacts apex predator behavior, potentially having downstream consequences human-carnivore coexistence.

Язык: Английский

---

Remedying Black cancer disparities with clinical research prioritization

Cancer, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 131(6)

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

People of African ancestry are overrepresented among lives lost prematurely and persons unnecessarily afflicted with the highest burden cancer nonindigenous Americans. Amid growing advancements in discoveries innovations, persistence disparities affecting Black/African American populations is particularly disturbing disappointing. Ashing colleagues Alliance Black Community Outreach Engagement Scientific Directors National Cancer Institute-designated centers discuss excessive propose a Moonshot-focused framework. The paper posits for research to remedy disparities, there three critical areas that require action: (1) examine heterogeneity; (2) eradicate policies practices biased toward limit access clinical studies/trials; (3) embrace community engagement collaborations. This extends call action focused on eight making significant strides reduce communities: implementation inclusion, accountability, coverage; removal unnecessary barriers participation; introduction continuing training; (4) broad deployment provider communication tools resources effective patient referrals; (5) diversification scientific workforce; (6) practice multisectoral team science; (7) inclusion (8) development authentic partnerships our communities. Taken together, these pillars support improved multistakeholder communities close gaps achieve health equity justice.

Язык: Английский

---

Historical Redlining and Cumulative Environmental Impacts across the United States

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Examining the social distributions in neighbourhood black carbon and ultrafine particles in Montreal and Toronto, Canada

Environment International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 109395 - 109395

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---