Navigating the challenges of engineering composite specialized metabolite pathways in plants
The Plant Journal,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
121(6)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
SUMMARY
Plants
are
a
valuable
source
of
diverse
specialized
metabolites
with
numerous
applications.
However,
these
compounds
often
produced
in
limited
quantities,
particularly
under
unfavorable
ecological
conditions.
To
achieve
sufficient
levels
target
metabolites,
alternative
strategies
such
as
pathway
engineering
heterologous
systems
like
microbes
(e.g.,
bacteria
and
fungi)
or
cell‐free
can
be
employed.
Another
approach
is
plant
engineering,
which
aims
to
either
enhance
the
native
production
original
reconstruct
model
system.
Although
increasing
metabolite
promising
strategy,
plants
exotic
pose
significant
challenges
for
genetic
manipulation.
Effective
requires
comprehensive
prior
knowledge
genes
enzymes
involved,
well
precursor,
intermediate,
branching,
final
metabolites.
Thus,
thorough
elucidation
biosynthetic
closely
linked
successful
metabolic
host
systems.
In
this
review,
we
highlight
recent
advances
engineering.
We
focus
on
efforts
engineer
complex,
multi‐step
pathways
that
require
expression
at
least
eight
transient
three
stable
transformation.
Reports
complex
stably
transformed
remain
relatively
scarce.
discuss
major
hurdles
overcoming
them,
followed
by
an
overview
achievements,
challenges,
solutions
reconstitution
through
Recent
including
computer‐based
predictions
offer
platforms
sustainable
plants.
Язык: Английский
Single-cell mass spectrometry imaging of lipids in HeLa cells via tapping-mode scanning probe electrospray ionization
Communications Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Май 14, 2025
Язык: Английский
Linking oxidative stress biomarkers to disease progression and antioxidant therapy in hypertension and diabetes mellitus
Alberto J. Nuñez-Selles,
Rodolfo A. Nuñez-Musa,
Rafael A. Guillen-Marmolejos
и другие.
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Май 26, 2025
Oxidative
stress
(OS)
is
increasingly
recognized
as
a
key
factor
linking
hypertension
(HTN)
and
diabetes
mellitus
(DM).
This
review
summarizes
recent
evidence
regarding
the
dual
role
of
OS
both
an
instigator
amplifier
cardiometabolic
dysfunction.
In
HTN,
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
produced
by
NADPH
oxidases
(NOXs)
mitochondrial
dysfunction
contribute
to
endothelial
impairment
vascular
remodeling.
DM,
hyperglycemia-induced
ROS
production
worsens
beta-cell
failure
insulin
resistance
through
pathways
such
AGE-RAGE
signaling,
protein
kinase
C
(PKC)
activation,
polyol
pathway.
Clinically
validated
biomarkers
OS,
F2-isoprostanes
(which
indicate
lipid
peroxidation),
8-OHdG
indicates
DNA
damage),
activities
redox
enzymes
like
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD)
glutathione
peroxidase
(GPx),
show
strong
correlations
with
disease
progression
end-organ
complications.
Despite
promising
preclinical
results,
application
antioxidant
therapies
in
clinical
settings
has
faced
challenges
due
inconsistent
outcomes,
highlighting
need
for
targeted
approaches.
Emerging
strategies
include:
1.
Mitochondria-targeted
antioxidants
enhance
function
resistant
HTN;
2.
Nrf2
activators
restore
balance
early
diabetes;
3.
Specific
inhibitors
NOX
isoforms.
We
emphasize
three
transformative
areas
research:
(i)
interaction
between
microbiome
ROS,
where
modifying
gut
microbiota
can
reduce
systemic
OS;
(ii)
use
nanotechnology
deliver
directly
pancreatic
islets
or
atherosclerotic
plaques;
(iii)
phenotype-specific
diagnosis
therapy
guided
genetic
profiling
(for
example,
KEAP1/NRF2
polymorphisms).
Integrating
these
advances
lifestyle
modifications,
following
Mediterranean
diet
exercising
regularly,
may
provide
additional
benefits.
outlines
mechanistic
framework
targeting
comorbidity
HTN
DM
while
identifying
critical
knowledge
gaps,
particularly
timing
signaling
development
personalized
medicine,
which
serve
reference
researchers
clinicians
working
this
area.
Язык: Английский
Multidimensional single-cell analysis: Diverse strategies and emerging applications in the life sciences
TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 118170 - 118170
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Recent advances in single-cell metabolomics using mass spectrometry: emerging challenges and future perspectives
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 37
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Delineation of Subcellular Molecular Heterogeneity in Single Cells via Ultralow-Flow-Rate Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging
Analytical Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 4, 2025
Single-cell
analysis
uncovers
cellular
heterogeneity
and
dynamic
metabolism
at
the
individual
cell
level,
providing
fundamental
insights
into
physiological
pathological
mechanisms
of
life.
Spatial
molecular
mapping
single
cells
requires
advanced
techniques
that
achieve
high
spatial
resolution
comprehensive
coverage
while
preserving
cells'
native
state
with
minimal
preparation.
Here,
we
report
an
ultralow-flow-rate
desorption
electrospray
ionization
mass
spectrometry
imaging
(u-DESI-MSI)
platform
for
in
situ
biomolecule
subcellular
resolution.
The
u-DESI-MSI
single-cell
utilizes
a
stable
ultralow-solvent-flow-rate
(150
nL/min)
system
optimized
geometrical
settings,
avoiding
complicated
hardware
modifications
on
ESI
emitter.
capability
was
demonstrated
by
human
pancreatic
from
different
lineages.
An
unprecedented
achieved
under
rastering
step
size
5
μm,
even
revealing
lipid
distribution
regions.
Using
this
high-spatial-resolution
platform,
effectively
visualized
both
intercellular
intracellular
cells.
Notably,
provides
versatile
tool
direct
their
states
ambient
conditions,
eliminating
need
extensive
sample
We
anticipate
will
facilitate
exploration
heterogeneity,
offering
valuable
variability
metabolism.
Язык: Английский