Molecules,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
26(4), С. 863 - 863
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2021
The
adsorption
behaviors
of
extended
anionic
surfactants
linear
sodium
dodecyl(polyoxyisopropene)4
sulfate
(L-C12PO4S),
branched
(G-C12PO4S),
and
hexadecyl(polyoxyisopropene)4
(G-C16PO4S)
on
polymethylmethacrylate
(PMMA)
surface
have
been
studied.
effect
alkyl
chain
the
wettability
PMMA
has
explored.
To
obtain
parameters
such
as
adhesional
tension
PMMA-solution
interfacial
tension,
contact
angles
were
measured.
experimental
results
demonstrate
that
special
properties
polyoxypropene
(PO)
groups
improve
polar
interactions
allow
surfactant
molecules
to
gradually
adsorb
by
heads.
Therefore,
hydrophobic
chains
will
point
water
solid
is
modified
be
hydrophobic.
Besides,
amounts
three
at
PMMA–liquid
interface
are
all
about
1/3
those
air–liquid
before
critical
micelle
concentration
(CMC).
However,
these
transform
their
original
behavior
after
CMC.
interact
with
hydrophilic
heads
towards
prone
form
aggregations
interface.
more
In
surfactants,
G-C16PO4S
two
long
exhibits
strongest
modification
capacity.
L-C12PO4S
likely
densely
than
thus
possesses
ability
shows
smaller
high
concentrations.
Cosmetics,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
7(3), С. 57 - 57
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2020
The
effects
of
surfactant
molecules
involved
in
macro-,
mini-,
nano-,
and
microemulsions
used
cosmetics
pharmaceuticals
are
related
to
their
amphiphilic
interactions
with
oil
water
phases.
Basic
ideas
on
behavior
when
they
put
together
a
system
have
resulted
the
energy
balance
concept
labeled
hydrophilic-lipophilic
deviation
(HLD)
from
optimum
formulation.
This
semiempirical
equation
integrates
simple
linear
relationship
six
eight
variables
including
head
tail,
sometimes
cosurfactant,
oil-phase
nature,
aqueous-phase
salinity,
temperature,
pressure.
is
undoubtedly
much
more
efficient
than
(HLB)
which
has
been
since
1950.
new
HLD
quite
important
because
it
allows
researchers
model
somehow
predict
phase
behavior,
interfacial
tension
between
phases,
solubilization
single-phase
microemulsion,
as
well
corresponding
properties
for
various
kinds
macroemulsions.
However,
correlation,
developed
petroleum
applications,
difficult
apply
accurately
real
cases
involving
ionic–nonionic
mixtures
natural
polar
oils,
case
pharmaceuticals.
review
shows
confusion
resulting
multiple
definitions
parameter,
proposes
“normalized”
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic
Deviation
(HLDN)
contribution
parameter
(SCP),
handle
exactly
formulation
micro/macroemulsion
properties.
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
22(5), С. 935 - 972
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2019
Abstract
The
research
published
in
the
past
half
century
indicates
that
surfactant
interfacial
performance
producing
low
tension
or
high
solubilization
with
polar
oils
is
not
generally
attained
pure
conventional
species
exhibiting
well‐defined
and
nonpolar
parts.
improvement
trends
reached
mixtures
as
well
introduction
of
additives
like
cosurfactants
linkers
lead
to
so‐called
extended
surfactants,
whose
structure
includes
an
intermediate
polarity
spacer
between
hydrophilic
head
lipophilic
tail.
Recent
investigations
on
different
kinds
surfactants
a
variety
applications—such
detergency,
cosmetics,
enhanced
oil
recovery
crude
demulsifying,
vegetable
extraction—indicate
these
are
likely
be
particularly
performing
containing
groups,
such
triacylglycerols
asphaltenic
crudes.
Possible
applications
recovery,
emulsion
breaking,
detergency
cleaning,
medicine
cosmetics
vehicles,
natural
extraction
some
other
cases
quickly
reviewed.
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
26(12), С. 3771 - 3771
Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2021
Soap
applications
for
cleaning
and
personal
care
have
been
used
more
than
4000
years,
dating
back
to
the
pharaonic
period,
widely
proliferated
with
appearance
of
synthetic
surfactants
a
century
ago.
Synthetic
make
macro-micro-nano-emulsions
foams
are
in
laundry
detergency,
cosmetics
pharmaceuticals,
food
conditioning,
emulsified
paints,
explosives,
enhanced
oil
recovery,
wastewater
treatment,
etc.
The
introduction
multivariable
approach
such
as
normalized
hydrophilic–lipophilic
deviation
(HLD
N)
specific
structures,
tailored
an
intramolecular
extension
increase
solubilization
(the
so-called
extended
surfactants),
makes
it
possible
improve
results
performance
surfactant–oil–water
systems
their
applications.
This
article
aims
present
up-to-date
overview
surfactants.
We
first
regarding
physicochemical
formulation
its
relationship
performance.
second
part
deals
importance
HLD
N
straightforward
classification
according
type
how
parameters
can
be
understand
need
molecule
reach
into
water
phases.
Then,
surfactant
characteristics
strategies
outlined.
Finally,
two
applications,
i.e.,
drilling
fluids
crude
dewatering,
described.
