Chemistry of Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
37(3), С. 1297 - 1305
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
Though
possessing
advantages
of
durability
and
exceptional
performances
profit
from
cross-linked
structure,
it
is
challenging
to
recycle
reuse
thermoset
polymers.
Here,
reprocessability
in
industrially
relevant
polyurethane
polyurea
thermosets
unveiled.
Unlike
prior
methods,
this
strategy
does
not
require
the
complicated
design
monomer
structures
suitable
for
a
variety
systems.
With
enaminoneamide
structure
inserted,
PU
possesses
reprocessing
performance
without
affecting
mechanical
properties.
Upon
thermal
treatment,
polymer
network
dissociates
into
isocyanate
enaminone,
allowing
materials
be
recycled.
The
reclaimed
multiple
generations
demonstrates
long-term
materials.
This
work
offers
convenient
approach
make
widely
used
isocyanate-based
networks
recyclable
via
involving
systems
consuming
Furthermore,
stability
product
β-diketone
isocyanate,
sensibility
water
prevented
during
synthesis,
enhancing
properties
polymer.
Given
poised
widespread
adoption,
may
an
important
advance
lifecycle
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
124(7), С. 4393 - 4478
Опубликована: Март 22, 2024
Polyesters
carrying
polar
main-chain
ester
linkages
exhibit
distinct
material
properties
for
diverse
applications
and
thus
play
an
important
role
in
today's
plastics
economy.
It
is
anticipated
that
they
will
even
greater
tomorrow's
circular
economy
focuses
on
sustainability,
thanks
to
the
abundant
availability
of
their
biosourced
building
blocks
presence
bonds
can
be
chemically
or
biologically
cleaved
demand
by
multiple
methods
bring
about
more
desired
end-of-life
plastic
waste
management
options.
Because
this
potential
promise,
there
have
been
intense
research
activities
directed
at
addressing
recycling,
upcycling
biodegradation
existing
legacy
polyesters,
designing
biorenewable
alternatives,
redesigning
future
polyesters
with
intrinsic
chemical
recyclability
tailored
performance
rival
commodity
are
either
petroleum
based
and/or
hard
recycle.
This
review
captures
these
exciting
recent
developments
outlines
challenges
opportunities.
Case
studies
poly(lactic
acid),
poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s,
poly(ethylene
terephthalate),
poly(butylene
succinate),
poly(butylene-adipate
presented,
emerging
recyclable
comprehensively
reviewed.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
124(5), С. 2617 - 2650
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024
The
societal
importance
of
plastics
contrasts
with
the
carelessness
which
they
are
disposed.
Their
superlative
properties
lead
to
economic
and
environmental
efficiency,
but
linearity
puts
climate,
human
health,
global
ecosystems
at
risk.
Recycling
is
fundamental
transitioning
this
linear
model
into
a
more
sustainable,
circular
economy.
Among
recycling
technologies,
chemical
depolymerization
offers
route
virgin
quality
recycled
plastics,
especially
when
valorizing
complex
waste
streams
poorly
served
by
mechanical
methods.
However,
exists
in
interlinked
system
end-of-life
fates,
complementarity
each
approach
key
environmental,
economic,
sustainability.
This
review
explores
recent
progress
made
five
commercial
polymers:
poly(ethylene
terephthalate),
polycarbonates,
polyamides,
aliphatic
polyesters,
polyurethanes.
Attention
paid
not
only
catalytic
technologies
used
enhance
efficiencies
also
interrelationship
other
systemic
constraints
imposed
Novel
polymers,
designed
for
depolymerization,
concisely
reviewed
terms
their
underlying
chemistry
potential
integration
current
plastic
systems.
Macromolecules,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
57(5), С. 1919 - 1940
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024
The
large
production
and
indiscriminate
disposal
of
plastics
have
resulted
in
serious
resource
global
environmental
crises,
which
has
raised
a
demand
to
develop
more
sustainable
circular
economy.
An
ideal
strategy
address
the
end-of-life
issue
is
next-generation
polymers
with
closed-loop
life
cycles,
can
be
selectively
depolymerized
back
monomers
at
end
their
service
life.
Aliphatic
polyesters
prepared
by
ring-opening
polymerization
(ROP)
moderately
strained
lactones
shown
great
potential
recyclable
polymers.
This
Perspective
highlights
recent
achievements
for
that
are
derived
from
four-,
five-,
six-,
seven-membered
focusing
on
discussion
thermodynamic
kinetic
considerations,
monomer
design
principles
polymer
preparations,
material
properties,
chemical
recyclability.
Finally,
current
challenges
possible
directions
also
discussed.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(22)
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024
Abstract
Developing
the
elastomer
materials
with
high
mechanical
robustness
through
simple
and
environmentally
friendly
methods
poses
significant
challenges.
In
this
research,
a
solvent‐free
polymerization
method
is
reported
to
synthesize
transparent
polyurea‐urethane
using
polycaprolactone
(PCL)
as
soft
segment
adjusting
various
hard
segments.
The
target
successfully
combine
acceptable
performance
exceptional
crack
tolerance,
whereby
notched
samples
can
readily
lift
25000
times
(a
rarely
value)
its
weight.
Moreover,
superhigh
elastic
restorability
allow
recover
original
dimension
from
elongation
over
5
or
fracture.
These
results
are
attained
due
presence
of
densely
uniformly
distributed
microdomains
within
elastomer,
leading
effective
energy
dissipation.
Furthermore,
owing
linear
structure
molecular
chains
reversible
hydrogen‐bonding
interactions
between
chains,
be
conveniently
healed
recycled
under
heating
conditions.
This
research
provide
general
feasible
strategy
for
construction
comprehensive
properties,
elastomers
expected
applied
in
emerging
fields
such
protective
elements
flexible
electronics.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
62(23)
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2023
Although
great
successes
have
been
achieved,
the
preparation
of
closed-loop
recyclable
polyesters
with
high
working
temperatures
still
remains
as
a
big
challenge.
Herein,
we
present
syntheses
series
enantiopure
bicyclic
ether-ester
monomers
by
upcycling
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
bioplastic.
The
"living"/controlled
ring-opening
polymerizations
these
to
produce
stereoregular
controlled
molecular
weights
and
well-defined
chain
ends
were
achieved.
effects
stereoconfiguration
substituent
on
polymerization
kinetics
thermodynamics
well
thermal
properties
resultant
investigated.
Of
note,
are
semi-crystalline
materials
melting
up
176
°C,
even
higher
than
commodity
polyolefin
plastics.
These
can
be
depolymerized
back
recover
pristine
monomers,
thus
successfully
establishing
life
cycle.
Chemistry - An Asian Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
18(3)
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023
Abstract
The
development
of
modern
society
is
closely
related
to
polymer
materials.
However,
the
accumulation
materials
and
their
evolution
in
environment
causes
not
only
serious
environmental
problems,
but
also
waste
resources.
Although
physical
processing
can
be
used
reuse
polymers,
properties
resulting
polymers
are
significantly
degraded.
Chemically
recyclable
a
type
that
degrades
into
monomers,
an
effective
solution
degradation
caused
by
recycling
polymers.
ideal
chemical
i.
e.,
quantitative
conversion
monomers
at
low
energy
consumption
repolymerization
formed
with
comparable
original,
attractive
research
goal.
In
recent
years,
significant
progress
has
been
made
design
enabling
regulation
“polymerization‐depolymerization”
equilibrium
closed‐loop
under
mild
conditions.
This
review
will
focus
on
following
aspects
poly(sulfur)
esters,
polycarbonates,
polyacetals,
polyolefins,
poly(disulfide)
polymer,
illustrate
challenges
this
area,
provide
outlook
future
directions.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
35(29)
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2023
A
depolymerizable
vitrimer
that
allows
both
reprocessability
and
monomer
recovery
by
a
simple
scalable
one-pot
two-step
synthesis
of
vitrimers
from
cyclic
lactones
is
reported.
Biobased
δ-valerolactone
with
alkyl
substituents
(δ-lactone)
has
low
ceiling
temperature;
thus,
their
ring-opening-polymerized
aliphatic
polyesters
are
capable
depolymerizing
back
to
monomers.
In
this
work,
the
amorphous
poly(δ-lactone)
solidified
into
an
elastomer
(i.e.,
δ-lactone
vitrimer)
vinyl
ether
cross-linker
dynamic
acetal
linkages,
giving
merits
reprocessing
healing.
Thermolysis
bulk
at
200
°C
can
recover
85-90
wt%
material,
allowing
reuse
without
losing
value
achieving
successful
closed-loop
life
cycle.
It
further
demonstrates
new
excellent
properties,
potential
serve
as
biobased
sustainable
replacement
conventional
soft
elastomers
for
various
applications
such
lenses,
mold
materials,
robots,
microfluidic
devices.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025
Abstract
Efficient
recycling
of
carbon
fiber‐reinforced
polymer
composites
(CFRCs)
into
their
original
monomers
and
fibers
(CFs)
in
a
non‐destructive
manner
remains
significant
challenge.
In
this
study,
high‐performance,
closed‐loop
recyclable
aromatic
polyamide
(APAD)
plastics
are
synthesized
via
polycondensation
amines
aldehydes
through
dynamic
imine
bonds.
Due
to
fully
structure
as
well
interchain
hydrogen
bonds
π–π
interactions,
APAD
exhibit
tensile
strength
≈78.3
MPa,
glass
transition
temperature
(
T
g
)
≈200.4
°C,
excellent
chemical
resistance.
The
can
be
depolymerized
mixture
polar
organic
solvents
acids
at
ambient
temperature,
enabling
high‐purity
recovery
precipitation
selective
solvents.
Water‐resistant
CF/APAD
fabricated
complexation
with
CF
cloths.
These
mechanical
properties
comparable
those
CF/epoxy
thermoset
superior
thermal
stability.
mild
depolymerization
conditions
for
enable
the
efficient
disintegration
composites.
Therefore,
CFs
realized.
recovered
cloths
used
re‐manufacture
This
study
presents
an
effective
method
CFRCs,
offering
environmental
economic
benefits.
