Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative that destroys substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, causing tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Current treatment approaches primarily focus on symptom management, employing pharmacological, non-pharmacological, surgical methods. However, these treatments often result in fluctuating symptoms, side effects, progression. Here, the authors have reviewed emerging field of nanomedicine as promising path for treatment, emphasizing its potential to overcome limitations traditional therapies. Nanomedicine utilizes nanoparticles targeted drug delivery, leveraging their small size high surface area volume ratio cross blood-brain barrier deliver therapeutic agents directly affected brain regions. Various nanoparticles, including lipid-based, polymeric, metallic, carbon-based, shown treatment. Additionally, nanocarrier systems like liposomes, nanogels, dendrimers, solid lipid offer controlled sustained release agents, enhancing bioavailability reducing effects. This review provides insights into pathophysiology disease, highlighting mechanisms neurodegeneration, role alpha-synuclein, disruption pathways. It further discusses application gene therapy conjunction with interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Temporal Microenvironment Mapping (microMap) of Intracellular Trafficking Pathways of Cell-Penetrating Peptides Across the Blood-Brain Barrier

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

Abstract Peptides play critical roles in cellular functions such as signaling and immune regulation, peptide-based biotherapeutics show great promise for treating various diseases. Among these, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are particularly valuable drug delivery due to their ability cross cell membranes. However, the mechanisms underlying CPP-mediated transport, especially across blood-brain barrier (BBB), remain poorly understood. Mapping intracellular CPP pathways is essential advancing systems, neurological disorders, understanding how CPPs navigate complex environment of BBB could enable development more effective brain-targeted therapies. Here, we leverage a nanoscale proximity labeling technique, termed µMap, precisely probe peptide– receptor interactions trafficking photocatalyst-tagged CPPs. The unique advantage μMap platform lies control timing light exposure, which enables collection time-gated data, depending on when blue applied cells. By harnessing this spatiotemporal precision, can uncover key peptide–receptor processes, setting stage new innovations design Figure

Язык: Английский

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Porous Materials for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, present formidable challenges in modern medicine due to their complex pathologies the absence of curative treatments. Despite advances symptomatic management, early diagnosis remains essential for mitigating progression improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as MRI, PET, cerebrospinal fluid biomarker analysis, are often inadequate detection these diseases. Emerging porous materials, including metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent–organic (COFs), MXene, zeolites, silicon, offer promising new approaches neurodegenerative These characterized by highly tunable physicochemical properties, have potential capture concentrate disease‐specific biomarkers amyloid‐beta (Aβ), tau protein, alpha‐synuclein (α‐Syn). The integration materials into advanced biosensors real‐time holds promise revolutionizing neurodiagnostic, enabling non‐invasive, sensitive, specific platforms. Furthermore, incorporation artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning (ML) techniques analysis sensor data enhances accuracy allows more efficient interpretation profiles. AI ML can optimize feature selection, improve pattern recognition, facilitate prediction progression, making them indispensable tools personalized medicine. This review explores diagnostics, emphasizing design, functionality, synergistic role advancing clinical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Computational Insights into Membrane Disruption by Cell-Penetrating Peptides

Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can translocate into cells without inducing cytotoxicity. The internalization process implies several steps at different time scales ranging from microseconds to minutes. We combine adaptive Steered Molecular Dynamics (aSMD) with conventional (cMD) observe nonequilibrium and equilibrium states study the early mechanisms of peptide–bilayer interaction leading CPPs internalization. define three membrane compositions representing bilayer sections, neutral lipids (i.e., upper leaflet), cholesterol hydrophobic core), neutral/negatively charged lower leaflet) energy barriers disruption Arg9, MAP, TP2, cationic, amphiphilic, CPPs, respectively. Cholesterol negatively increase energetic for crossing. TP2 interacts by insertion, while Arg9 disrupts forming transient or stable pores. MAP has shown both behaviors. Collectively, these findings underscore significance innovative computational approaches in studying membrane-disruptive and, more specifically, harnessing their potential cell penetration.

Язык: Английский

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Applications of cell penetrating peptide-based drug delivery system in immunotherapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are usually positive charged and have good cell membrane permeability. Meanwhile, CPPs facile to synthesize, can be functionalized satisfy different demands, such as cyclization, incorporating unnatural amino acids, lipid conjugation. These properties made them efficient drug-delivery tools deliver therapeutic molecules cells tissues in a nontoxic manner, including small molecules, DNA, siRNA, proteins other various nanoparticles. However, the poor serum stability low tumor targeting ability also hindered their broad application. Besides, inappropriate chemical modification lead disruption nonspecific toxicity. In this paper, we first reviewed recent advances CPP applications for cancer therapy via covalent or non-covalent manners. We carefully analyzed advantages disadvantages of each modifications drug delivery. Then, concluded progress clinical trials diseases. Finally, discussed challenges opportunities met translate into applications. This review presented new insight delivery, which could provide advice on design clinically effective systemic delivery systems using CPPs.

Язык: Английский

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Stimuli-responsive nanoscale drug delivery system for epilepsy theranostics

Acta Biomaterialia, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Targeted drug delivery in neurodegenerative diseases: the role of nanotechnology

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive neuronal loss and cognitive impairments, pose a significant global health challenge. This study explores the potential of nanotherapeutics as promising approach to enhance drug delivery across physiological barriers, particularly blood–brain barrier (BBB) blood-cerebrospinal fluid (B-CSFB). By employing nanoparticles, this research aims address critical challenges in diagnosis treatment conditions such Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s diseases. The multifactorial nature these disorders necessitates innovative solutions that leverage nanomedicine improve solubility, circulation time, targeted while minimizing off-target effects. findings underscore importance advancing applications develop effective therapeutic strategies can alleviate burden neurodegenerative diseases on individuals healthcare systems.

Язык: Английский

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Cell-penetrating proteins and peptides as a promising theragnostic agent for neurodegenerative disorder

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106816 - 106816

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Parkinson's disease and gut microbiota metabolites: The dual impact of vitamins and functional amyloids

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 1871(6), С. 167862 - 167862

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Unlocking the Gates: Therapeutic Agents for Noninvasive Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective network of various cell types that acts as filter between the blood and brain parenchyma. Because this, BBB remains major obstacle for drug delivery to central nervous system (CNS). In recent years, there has been focus on developing modifiable platforms, such monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), nanobodies (Nbs), peptides, nanoparticles, both therapeutic agents carriers targeted treat cancers diseases. Methods bypassing can be invasive or noninvasive. Invasive techniques, transient disruption using low pulse electrical fields intracerebroventricular infusion, lack specificity have numerous safety concerns. this review, we will noninvasive transport mechanisms offer high levels biocompatibility, personalization, are regarded generally safer than their counterparts. Modifiable platforms designed noninvasively traverse through one more following pathways: passive diffusion physio-pathologically disrupted BBB, adsorptive-mediated transcytosis, receptor-mediated shuttle-mediated somatic gene transfer. Through understanding pathways, new applications, including Chimeric Antigen Receptors T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, approaches across emerging.

Язык: Английский

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