Smart Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Hydrogels: A Tour D’horizon of Biomedical Applications

Gels, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(3), С. 207 - 207

Опубликована: Март 15, 2025

Hydrogels are innovative materials characterized by a water-swollen, crosslinked polymeric network capable of retaining substantial amounts water while maintaining structural integrity. Their unique ability to swell or contract in response environmental stimuli makes them integral biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. Among these, “smart” hydrogels, sensitive such as pH, temperature, light, showcase reversible transitions between liquid semi-solid states. Thermoresponsive exemplified poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), particularly notable for their sensitivity temperature changes, transitioning near lower critical solution (LCST) approximately 32 °C water. Structurally, PNIPAM-based hydrogels (PNIPAM-HYDs) chemically versatile, allowing modifications that enhance biocompatibility functional adaptability. These properties enable application diverse therapeutic areas cancer therapy, phototherapy, healing, engineering. In this review, the behavior smart PNIPAM explored, with an emphasis on synthesis methods brief note biocompatibility. Furthermore, PNIPAM-HYDs detailed, along applications skin conditions, ocular diseases, etc. Various delivery routes patents highlighting advancements also examined. Finally, future prospects remain promising, ongoing research focused enhancing stability, responsiveness, clinical applicability. continued development is expected revolutionize technologies, paving way more efficient targeted solutions.

Язык: Английский

Microneedle system carrying Momordin Ic-loaded ROS-responsive hydrogel ameliorates psoriasis via targeted anti-inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging mechanisms

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 125530 - 125530

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский