Highly Promising Primary Explosive: A Metal-Free, Fluoro-Substituted Azo-Triazole with Unmatched Safety and Performance

JACS Au, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(2), С. 1031 - 1038

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

A primary explosive is a perfect chemical compound for starting ignition in military and commercial uses. Over the past century, quest lead-free, environmentally friendly explosives has been significant challenge long-standing goal. Here, an innovative organic explosive, (E)-1,2-bis(3-azido-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)diazene (4), designed synthesized through straightforward three-step reaction from commercially available reagents. Importantly, this integrated two trifluoromethyl azido groups into N,N′-azo-1,2,4-triazole backbone to enhance performance safety. With combination, it meets stringent criteria safer, explosives: being metal perchlorate-free, possessing high density, excellent priming ability, unique sensitivities nonexplosive stimuli. It shows robust environmental resistance, good thermal stability, effective detonation also can be effectively initiated with laser. Moreover, test, 4 successfully detonated 500 mg of PETN ultralow minimum primer charge (MPC) 40 mg, similar traditional LA (MPC: mg) outperforming metal-free ICM-103 60 DDNP 70 mg). The power, combined its synthesis, cost-effectiveness, easy large-scale manufacturing, makes superior alternative currently used such as lead azide (LA) diazodinitrophenol (DDNP).

Язык: Английский

Employing Nitrogen–Sulfur Synergy: 1,2,3-Triazole-Thiadiazole-Based Energetic Materials

Organic Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 8, 2025

In this study, we synthesized energetic materials integrating thiadiazole and triazole moieties. The newly developed compounds were thoroughly characterized using NMR, IR, elemental analysis, TGA-DSC, single-crystal X-ray diffraction (for compound 3). These exhibited acceptable properties, including high densities (1.88–1.92 g cm–3), moderate to good detonation performance (VOD: 6383–8128 m s–1), thermal stability (143–238 °C), less sensitivity impact (>15 J) friction (360 N). Notably, 4 8 achieved superior velocities compared nearly all reported sulfur-based date. This work highlights the significance of triazole-thiadiazole frameworks in development fine-tuning materials.

Язык: Английский

Exploring the energetic potential of 2,5-disubstituted tetrazoles: a case of 2,5-bis(oxadiazolyl)tetrazoles

Dalton Transactions, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The preparation of new energetic materials comprising the poorly explored 2,5-disubstituted tetrazole scaffold as a central structural motif coupled with oxadiazole rings is reported.

Язык: Английский