Deep-Learning-Based Analysis of Electronic Skin Sensing Data

Sensors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(5), С. 1615 - 1615

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

E-skin is an integrated electronic system that can mimic the perceptual ability of human skin. Traditional analysis methods struggle to handle complex e-skin data, which include time series and multiple patterns, especially when dealing with intricate signals real-time responses. Recently, deep learning techniques, such as convolutional neural network, recurrent transformer methods, provide effective solutions automatically extract data features recognize significantly improving data. Deep not only capable handling multimodal but also response personalized predictions in dynamic environments. Nevertheless, problems insufficient annotation high demand for computational resources still limit application e-skin. Optimizing algorithms, efficiency, exploring hardware-algorithm co-designing will be key future development. This review aims present techniques applied inspiration subsequent researchers. We first summarize sources characteristics models applicable their applications analysis. Additionally, we discuss use e-skin, particularly health monitoring human-machine interactions, explore current challenges development directions.

Язык: Английский

Design, Fabrication, and Application of Large-Area Flexible Pressure and Strain Sensor Arrays: A Review

Micromachines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(3), С. 330 - 330

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

The rapid development of flexible sensor technology has made arrays a key research area in various applications due to their exceptional flexibility, wearability, and large-area-sensing capabilities. These can precisely monitor physical parameters like pressure strain complex environments, making them highly beneficial for sectors such as smart wearables, robotic tactile sensing, health monitoring, electronics. This paper reviews the fabrication processes, operational principles, common materials used sensors, explores application different materials, outlines two conventional preparation methods. It also presents real-world examples large-area arrays. Fabrication techniques include 3D printing, screen laser etching, magnetron sputtering, molding, each influencing performance ways. Flexible sensors typically operate based on resistive capacitive mechanisms, with structural designs (e.g., sandwich fork-finger) affecting integration, recovery, processing complexity. careful selection materials—especially substrates, electrodes, sensing materials—is crucial efficacy. Despite significant progress design application, challenges remain, particularly mass production, wireless real-time data processing, long-term stability. To improve production feasibility, optimizing reducing material costs, incorporating automated lines are essential scalability defect reduction. For enhancing energy efficiency through low-power communication protocols addressing signal interference stability critical seamless operation. Real-time requires innovative solutions edge computing machine learning algorithms, ensuring low-latency, high-accuracy interpretation while preserving flexibility Finally, environmental adaptability demands new protective coatings withstand harsh conditions. Ongoing overcoming these challenges, that meet needs diverse remaining cost-effective reliable.

Язык: Английский